Biodisponibilidade de metais na baía da Ilha Grande, RJ: avaliação pelas técnicas de bivalves transplantados (Nodipecten nodosus) e difusão de filmes finos por gradiente de concentração
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Data
2013-09-04
Autores
Silva, Monizze Vannuci e [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os ecossistemas marinhos próximos ao continente são locais muito sensíveis às mudanças ambientais. Nestas áreas, a biodiversidade é extremamente expressiva, com diversas espécies de importância econômica. A determinação de metais nos ecossistemas marinhos que se interceptam com atividades humanas é importante para avaliar as interferências e modificações que o homem causa nestes ambientes. A determinação de metais em ambientes aquáticos utilizando organismos vem sendo muito empregada, principalmente por meio de bivalves, proporcionando dados importantes sobre a biodisponibilidade destes contaminantes na água. A técnica de difusão por filmes finos em gradientes de concentração (DGT) também tem sido empregada para avaliar a concentração de metais em águas doces e marinhas, determinando a fração lábil destes potencias poluentes. Nesta pesquisa foram realizadas amostragens in situ na baía da Ilha Grande, RJ, utilizando Nodipecten nodosus (“vieira”) transplantados juntamente com dispositivos da técnica DGT para a determinação de Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb e Zn; visando uma comparação das duas técnicas e a obtenção de dados sobre a labilidade e biodisponibilidade destes metais. As vieiras foram obtidas de uma fazenda de criação próxima ao local de estudo. Os dispositivos DGTs foram do tipo convencional: resina Chelex-100 como ligante, gel difusivo de poliacrilamida-agarose e membrana filtrante de acetato de celulose. As vieiras e os dispositivos DGT ficaram imersos em três pontos de amostragem no interior da baía durante Julho a Setembro/2012 (Campanha de Inverno) e Dezembro/2012 a Fevereiro/2013 (Campanha de Verão). As determinações das concentrações dos metais foram feitas por espectrometria de massas com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-MS) e espectrometria de emissão óptica (ICP OES)...
Marine ecosystems near to the continent are very sensitive to local environmental changes, where biodiversity is extremely important. Also in this areas, there are several species of economic importance and used for human consumption. Determination of metals in areas where the marine ecosystem and human activities are connected is important to evaluate interference and modifications that the man causes in these environments. The determination of metals in aquatic organisms has been widely used, mainly by using bivalves, providing important data on the bioavailability of these contaminants in the water. The technique of Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) has also been employed to assess the concentration of metals in freshwater and marine water, determining the lability these potential pollutants. Aiming to compare different techniques, this research was carried out in the Ilha Grande bay, RJ, using transplanted Nodipecten nodosus (scallop) and the DGT technique for the determination of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The scallops were obtained from a breeding farm near to the study site. The DGTs were assembled with Chelex-100 resin as binding agent, diffusion gel of agarose-polyacrylamide and membrane filter of cellulose acetate. The scallops and DGTs were immersed in three sampling points within the bay during July to September/2012 (Winter campaign) and December/2012 to February/2013 (Summer campaign). The metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The DGT technique was successfully used to determine the concentration of most the metals, except Al, Zn and Pb when short deployment time were used. The results obtained using different porosities of diffusive gels showed no significant presence of metal organic forms... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Marine ecosystems near to the continent are very sensitive to local environmental changes, where biodiversity is extremely important. Also in this areas, there are several species of economic importance and used for human consumption. Determination of metals in areas where the marine ecosystem and human activities are connected is important to evaluate interference and modifications that the man causes in these environments. The determination of metals in aquatic organisms has been widely used, mainly by using bivalves, providing important data on the bioavailability of these contaminants in the water. The technique of Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) has also been employed to assess the concentration of metals in freshwater and marine water, determining the lability these potential pollutants. Aiming to compare different techniques, this research was carried out in the Ilha Grande bay, RJ, using transplanted Nodipecten nodosus (scallop) and the DGT technique for the determination of Al, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The scallops were obtained from a breeding farm near to the study site. The DGTs were assembled with Chelex-100 resin as binding agent, diffusion gel of agarose-polyacrylamide and membrane filter of cellulose acetate. The scallops and DGTs were immersed in three sampling points within the bay during July to September/2012 (Winter campaign) and December/2012 to February/2013 (Summer campaign). The metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The DGT technique was successfully used to determine the concentration of most the metals, except Al, Zn and Pb when short deployment time were used. The results obtained using different porosities of diffusive gels showed no significant presence of metal organic forms... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Environmental chemistry, Química ambiental, Bivalve, Difusão, Filmes finos, Biocumulação, Metais - Biodisponibilidade, Monitoramento biológico, Grande, Ilha (RJ)
Como citar
SILVA, Monizze Vannuci e. Biodisponibilidade de metais na baía da Ilha Grande, RJ: avaliação pelas técnicas de bivalves transplantados (Nodipecten nodosus) e difusão de filmes finos por gradiente de concentração. 2013. 83 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2013.