Síntese e caracterização so polímero supramolecular à base de óleo de semente de mamão (Carica papaya L.) maleinizado-meglumina
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Data
2013-02-26
Autores
Fonseca, Mariana [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização dos polímeros para as mais diversas aplicações está cada vez mais presente na rotina da sociedade atual. Desse modo, materiais obtidos a partir de fontes naturais estão se tornando uma alternativa interessante para essa proposta, em detrimento dos derivados do petróleo. Nesse sentido, esse projeto de mestrado teve como objetivo a síntese de polímeros supramoleculares formados a partir de óleo extraído das sementes de mamão maleinizado e meglumina, um tipo de carboidrato. Para tal, o óleo natural de mamão foi submetido a uma reação de maleinização e logo após, reagiu-se esse substrato com a meglumina, em três razões estequiométricas distintas, formando assim, três polímeros. Cada uma dessas reações foi acompanhada da caracterização estrutural por IV. Tanto o precursor maleinizado quanto os polímeros obtidos foram também caracterizados por análise térmica. O caráter macromolecular dos polímeros foi identificado por transições vítreas observadas nas curvas DSC e o estudo de cinética de decomposição mostrou que apesar da constituição complexa e do caráter heterogêneo das amostras analisadas o mecanismo de decomposição é semelhante entre elas. O estudo dos sistemas polímero-água evidenciou a presença de tipos diferentes de água, conforme a constituição do polímero e conteúdo de água presente. A avaliação qualitativa dos sistemas permitiu observar que estes são responsivos à elevação da temperatura, tornando-se mais fluidos com o aquecimento e voltando à sua característica de gel inicial com o retorno da temperatura, além da capacidade de auto-reparação com o tempo médio variando com a proporção de meglumina no material. Assim, de acordo com a alteração dos parâmetros físico-químicos, obtém-se um material com características diferentes que devem ser levadas em consideração para avaliar a aplicabilidade de cada sistema formado
The use of polymers for various applications is increasingly in the present routine of modern society. Accordingly, materials obtained from natural sources are becoming an interesting alternative to this proposal, instead of petroleum. In this sense, our goal in this work was the synthesis of supramolecular polymers formed from modified oil obtained from papaya seeds extraction and meglumine, a type of carbohydrate. For this purpose the natural papaya oil was subjected to reaction and after maleinization, this sustrate was reacted with meglumine in three different stoichiometric ratios, thereby forming three polymers. Each os these reactions were accompanied by structural characterization by FTIR technique. Both the precursor as maleinizated polymers obtained were also characterized by thermal analysis. The macromolecular nature of the polymers was identified by glass trasition observed in the DSC curves and decomposition kinetics study showed that despite the formation of complex and heterogeneous character of the samples analyzed, the mechanism of decomposition is similar between them. The study of polymer-water systems revealed the presence of different types of water, according to the constitution of the polymer and water content. Qualitative evaluation of these systems allowed us to observe that they are responsive to the evaluation of temperature, becoming more fluid by heating and returning to their characteristic initial gel with the return temperature and the ability to self-healing with the average time ranging with the proportion of meglumine in the material. Thus, according to the modification of the physic-chemical parameters, we obtain a material with different characteristics to be taken into account to assess the applicability of each system formed
The use of polymers for various applications is increasingly in the present routine of modern society. Accordingly, materials obtained from natural sources are becoming an interesting alternative to this proposal, instead of petroleum. In this sense, our goal in this work was the synthesis of supramolecular polymers formed from modified oil obtained from papaya seeds extraction and meglumine, a type of carbohydrate. For this purpose the natural papaya oil was subjected to reaction and after maleinization, this sustrate was reacted with meglumine in three different stoichiometric ratios, thereby forming three polymers. Each os these reactions were accompanied by structural characterization by FTIR technique. Both the precursor as maleinizated polymers obtained were also characterized by thermal analysis. The macromolecular nature of the polymers was identified by glass trasition observed in the DSC curves and decomposition kinetics study showed that despite the formation of complex and heterogeneous character of the samples analyzed, the mechanism of decomposition is similar between them. The study of polymer-water systems revealed the presence of different types of water, according to the constitution of the polymer and water content. Qualitative evaluation of these systems allowed us to observe that they are responsive to the evaluation of temperature, becoming more fluid by heating and returning to their characteristic initial gel with the return temperature and the ability to self-healing with the average time ranging with the proportion of meglumine in the material. Thus, according to the modification of the physic-chemical parameters, we obtain a material with different characteristics to be taken into account to assess the applicability of each system formed
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Palavras-chave
Quimica analitica, Polimeros, Óleos vegetais, Polymers
Como citar
FONSECA, Mariana. Síntese e caracterização so polímero supramolecular à base de óleo de semente de mamão (Carica papaya L.) maleinizado-meglumina. 2013. 82 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, 2013.