A concepção das crianças e os valores associados à doação de sangue: doadores do futuro
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Data
2007-08-28
Autores
Bossolan, Regina Pagotto [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Uma das preocupações atuais dos serviços de saúde diz respeito aos baixos índices de doação de sangue. Essa constatação levou os hemocentros a desenvolverem programas de conscientização, na mídia e nas escolas, partindo do pressuposto que a formação de cidadãos responsáveis pelo bemestar pessoal e coletivo se inicia na infância. Frente à necessidade de subsídios para elaboração desses programas, este projeto teve como objetivo investigar a concepção que escolares de idades e estágios cognitivos diversos têm sobre doação de sangue, a importância que atribuem ao ato de doar e receber sangue, as informações de que dispõem, quais são suas fontes de informação, assim como fantasias e sentimentos associados à doação e recepção. Para tal, 145 escolares de faixa etária dos 6, 8 e 10 anos de idade foram submetidos a provas de desenvolvimento cognitivo, responderam a uma entrevista individual, semi-estruturada, com questões norteadoras sobre os temas discutidos e tiveram que se posicionar frente a um dilema. Num segundo momento, foi pedido que elaborassem um desenho parà sensibilizar as pessoas a doarem sangue. Os resultados mostraram que, tanto na entrevista como na resolução do dilema e no desenho, a maioria das crianças associou a doação com um ato de ajuda ao outro, parecendo mostrar que, independente do recurso metodológico utilizado, os escolares relacionaram o ato de doar om os valores de generosidade e solidariedade, possivelmente influenciados elos slogans veiculados nas campanhas. Apesar das crianças com maior escolaridade, na fase de desenvolvimento formal, possuir um número significativamente maior de informações, quando comparadas com as maIs ovas, que freqüentavam o pré e a segunda série, o nível de desinformação e...
One of the actual concerns in health servlces is the low number of blood donation. This observation led hemocenters to develop awareness programs in media and at schools, once the formation of citizens responsible for the individual and collective well-being begins in childhood. Due to the necessity of information for the programs' design, the aim of this project was to investigate the idea that students from different cognitive stages and ages have about blood donation, the importance they give to the act of donating and receiving blood, the information they have on the issue and its source, as well as the fantasies and feelings related to it. Thus, 145 students aged 6, 8 and 10 years were submitted to cognitive development tests; answered to an individual sem istructured interview, with question related to the themes discussed previously, and had to solve a dilemma. On a second moment, they were asked to draw a touching picture to motivate people to donate blood. Results showed that in the three situations, interview, dilemma solving and drawing, children associated the donation with an act of helping the other, showing that, independent on the methodological source used, the act of donating was related to generosity and solidarity values, possibly because these are the most frequently used slogans in campaigns. Despite the fact that children with a higher levei of education, in formal development stage, also have a significantly higher levei of information, disinformation and misinformation was high, in the sample as a whole, if compared to the younger ones, who were at pre-primary and second year of primary school. Children from the outskirts public schools were the least informed on the issue. When trying to justify the reason why people do not onate blood, children mentioned emotional conditions, fear of pain or damage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
One of the actual concerns in health servlces is the low number of blood donation. This observation led hemocenters to develop awareness programs in media and at schools, once the formation of citizens responsible for the individual and collective well-being begins in childhood. Due to the necessity of information for the programs' design, the aim of this project was to investigate the idea that students from different cognitive stages and ages have about blood donation, the importance they give to the act of donating and receiving blood, the information they have on the issue and its source, as well as the fantasies and feelings related to it. Thus, 145 students aged 6, 8 and 10 years were submitted to cognitive development tests; answered to an individual sem istructured interview, with question related to the themes discussed previously, and had to solve a dilemma. On a second moment, they were asked to draw a touching picture to motivate people to donate blood. Results showed that in the three situations, interview, dilemma solving and drawing, children associated the donation with an act of helping the other, showing that, independent on the methodological source used, the act of donating was related to generosity and solidarity values, possibly because these are the most frequently used slogans in campaigns. Despite the fact that children with a higher levei of education, in formal development stage, also have a significantly higher levei of information, disinformation and misinformation was high, in the sample as a whole, if compared to the younger ones, who were at pre-primary and second year of primary school. Children from the outskirts public schools were the least informed on the issue. When trying to justify the reason why people do not onate blood, children mentioned emotional conditions, fear of pain or damage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação sanitária, Desenvolvimento moral, Sangue - Doação, Blood - Donation
Como citar
BOSSOLAN, Regina Pagotto. A concepção das crianças e os valores associados à doação de sangue: doadores do futuro. 2007. 132 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2007.