Mudanças hidrogeomorfológicas decorrentes da urbanização na bacia hidrográfica rio Aricanduva, São Paulo/SP
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Data
2022-02-09
Autores
Silva, Nayara Rodrigues da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pesquisa tem como premissa investigar e sistematizar cartograficamente dados hidrogeomorfológicos para avaliar qualitativamente as principais transformações ocorridas nos canais e planícies fluviais, bem como os conjuntos interfluviais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Aricanduva, localizada na zona leste do município de São Paulo. Assim, a partir da reconstituição das morfologias originais, pré-urbanas e da identificação das morfologias antropogênicas, foram realizadas análises com o auxílio da metodologia desenvolvida por Lima (1997), Rodrigues (2005, 2010), Moroz–Caccia Gouveia (2010, 2017)e Luz (2014), com abordagens da Geomorfologia Antropogênica e Geomorfologia Urbana Histórica cujo objetivo foi avaliar o grau de artificialidade imposto à área e suas implicações nos processos hidrogeomorfológicos. Para identificar as mudanças impostas pela urbanização no sistema físico da bacia hidrográfica rios Aricanduva foram realizadas análises comparativas referentes entre os anos de 1930 (fase inicial de urbanização) e 2020 (fase de urbanização consolidada). Como resultados da pesquisa foram produzidos dados que expressam as mudanças na bacia hidrográfica rio Aricanduva decorrentes do processo de urbanização, tais como: mapas originais (Mapa da Morfologia Original, Mapa da Hidrografia Original e Mapa de Cobertura Vegetal Original), mapa pré-urbanos (mapa de uso e cobertura da terra 1930, mapa de hidrografia de 1930), mapa antropogênicas (mapa de uso e cobertura da terra de 2020 e mapa da hidrografia de 2020), por fim os mapas sínteses com o Mapa de Unidades Morfológicas Complexas de 1930 e 2020 e pontos inundações. Com o auxílio dos mapeamentos identificamos o grau de artificialidade devido aos processos de urbanização imposto a bacia hidrográfica rio Aricanduva, como a canalização dos rios e córregos, aumento da área da bacia hidrográfica promovido pela retificação dos rios e córregos.
The research aims to investigate and cartographically systematise hydrogeomorphological data to qualitatively assess the main transformations that occurred in the channels and fluvial extensions, as well as the interfluvial sets of the hydrographic basin of the Aricanduva river, located in the eastern zone of the city of São Paulo. Therefore, from the reconstitution of the original, pre-urban morphologies and the identification of anthropogenic morphologies, analyses were carried out using the methodology developed by Lima (1997), Rodrigues (2005, 2010), Moroz–Caccia Gouveia (2010, 2017 ) and Luz (2014), with approaches from Anthropogenic Geomorphology and Historical Urban Geomorphology whose objective was to evaluate the degree of artificiality imposed on the area and its specifications in hydrogeomorphological processes. To identify the changes imposed by urbanization in the physical system of the Aricanduva river basin, comparative analyzes were carried out referring to the years 1930 (initial urbanization phase) and 2020 (consolidated urbanization phase). As a result of the research, the resulting data express the changes in the hydrographic basin of the Aricanduva river as the result of the urbanization process, such as: original maps (Original Morphology Map, Original Hydrography Map and Original Vegetation Coverage Map), pre-urban maps (1930 land use and cover map and 1930 hydrographic map), anthropogenic map (2020 land use and cover map and 2020 hydrographic map as well as the schematic Maps, composed of the Map of Complex Morphological Units of 1930 and 2020 and flooding points. With the help of the mapping work, we identified the degree of artificiality due to the urbanization processes imposed on the Aricanduva river basin, such as the canalization of rivers and streams and the increase of the area of the hydrographic basin, promoted by the rectification of rivers and streams.
The research aims to investigate and cartographically systematise hydrogeomorphological data to qualitatively assess the main transformations that occurred in the channels and fluvial extensions, as well as the interfluvial sets of the hydrographic basin of the Aricanduva river, located in the eastern zone of the city of São Paulo. Therefore, from the reconstitution of the original, pre-urban morphologies and the identification of anthropogenic morphologies, analyses were carried out using the methodology developed by Lima (1997), Rodrigues (2005, 2010), Moroz–Caccia Gouveia (2010, 2017 ) and Luz (2014), with approaches from Anthropogenic Geomorphology and Historical Urban Geomorphology whose objective was to evaluate the degree of artificiality imposed on the area and its specifications in hydrogeomorphological processes. To identify the changes imposed by urbanization in the physical system of the Aricanduva river basin, comparative analyzes were carried out referring to the years 1930 (initial urbanization phase) and 2020 (consolidated urbanization phase). As a result of the research, the resulting data express the changes in the hydrographic basin of the Aricanduva river as the result of the urbanization process, such as: original maps (Original Morphology Map, Original Hydrography Map and Original Vegetation Coverage Map), pre-urban maps (1930 land use and cover map and 1930 hydrographic map), anthropogenic map (2020 land use and cover map and 2020 hydrographic map as well as the schematic Maps, composed of the Map of Complex Morphological Units of 1930 and 2020 and flooding points. With the help of the mapping work, we identified the degree of artificiality due to the urbanization processes imposed on the Aricanduva river basin, such as the canalization of rivers and streams and the increase of the area of the hydrographic basin, promoted by the rectification of rivers and streams.
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Palavras-chave
Geomorfologia antropogênica, Geomorfologia urbana histórica, Cartografia geomorfológica retrospectiva, Anthropogenic geomorphology, Historical urban geomorphology, Retrospective geomorphological cartography