Impacto de preparos do solo sobre características agronômicas e das raízes de cana-de-açúcar em sucessão com amendoim em sistema meiosi
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Data
2022-12-13
Autores
Leal, Elcio Rios Pérez
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Buscando entender a influência dos preparos de solo realizados para a cultura que antecede o plantio do canavial e a interação com os preparos de solo realizados para a cana-de-açúcar cultivada em sucessão, estudou-se o impacto sobre as raízes e produtividade de colmos da variedade de cana RB966928, plantada em diferentes preparos de solo em sucessão com amendoim. O ensaio foi instalado no município de Planalto/SP, sobre canavial reformado após sete cortes mecanizados. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema de faixas com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos compreenderam a combinação dos preparos realizados antes da semeadura do amendoim (preparo convencional, preparo localizado, preparo reduzido e semeadura direta) com os preparos (canteirizador + óxido, canteirizador e sulcação direta) realizados antes do plantio da variedade de cana-de-açúcar implantada em sistema de MEIOSI. Foram avaliados na cana-de-açúcar: perfilhamento, biomassa seca vegetativa e das raízes, produtividade de colmos e resistência mecânica à penetração. Houve interação significativa entre os preparos realizados para o amendoim e para a cana-de-açúcar. Mesmo com maiores valores de resistência mecânica do solo à penetração, a associação de preparos conservacionistas não prejudicou o sistema radicular e proporcionou ganhos de 15% na produtividade de colmos para a variedade RB966928. A aplicação de óxido de cálcio mostrou-se eficiente somente em condição de preparo convencional previamente ao cultivo de amendoim
Seeking to understand the influence of the soil tillage carried out for the crop that precedes the planting of sugarcane and the interaction with the soil tillage for the sugarcane cultivated in succession, the aim of this research was to study the impact on root growth and stalk yield of sugarcane variety RB966928 planted in different soil tillage in rotation with peanut crop. A trial has been installed over commercial field, with historic of seven years with green harvest system, located in Planalto city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. It was be used a complete randomized blocks experimental design with treatment arranged by strip scheme and five replications. Treatments comprised by combination of tillage were done before planting peanut with tillage were done before planting the sugarcane variety RB966928 by MEIOSI system. It was evaluated: tillering, vegetative and root biomass, stalk yield and soil penetration resistance. There was significant interaction between tillage done previously to peanut and before planting the sugarcane. Even though with the highest penetration resistance values, the association of strip tillage for peanut and direct planting for sugarcane has provided increase of 15 Mg ha-1 for stalk yield, without damage in the root system of variety RB966928. The calcium oxide has sowed efficiency only in condition of conventional tillage done previously to the peanut crop.
Seeking to understand the influence of the soil tillage carried out for the crop that precedes the planting of sugarcane and the interaction with the soil tillage for the sugarcane cultivated in succession, the aim of this research was to study the impact on root growth and stalk yield of sugarcane variety RB966928 planted in different soil tillage in rotation with peanut crop. A trial has been installed over commercial field, with historic of seven years with green harvest system, located in Planalto city, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. It was be used a complete randomized blocks experimental design with treatment arranged by strip scheme and five replications. Treatments comprised by combination of tillage were done before planting peanut with tillage were done before planting the sugarcane variety RB966928 by MEIOSI system. It was evaluated: tillering, vegetative and root biomass, stalk yield and soil penetration resistance. There was significant interaction between tillage done previously to peanut and before planting the sugarcane. Even though with the highest penetration resistance values, the association of strip tillage for peanut and direct planting for sugarcane has provided increase of 15 Mg ha-1 for stalk yield, without damage in the root system of variety RB966928. The calcium oxide has sowed efficiency only in condition of conventional tillage done previously to the peanut crop.
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Palavras-chave
Biomassa radicular, Cultivo Minimo, Compactação, Preparo Convencional, Plantio Direto, Produtividade de colmos