Safety of beta-alanine supplementation in humans: a narrative review

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dc.contributor.authorde Oliveira, Erick P.
dc.contributor.authorArtioli, Guilherme G.
dc.contributor.authorBurini, Roberto Carlos [UNESP]
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
dc.contributor.institutionManchester Metropolitan University
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-29T16:06:04Z
dc.date.available2023-07-29T16:06:04Z
dc.date.issued2023-01-01
dc.description.abstractCarnosine levels play a significant role in intracellular pH buffering during exercise. The limiting factor for muscle carnosine synthesis is the availability of β-alanine. Results from meta-analysis showed a significant positive effect of β-alanine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance. Nonetheless, much less has been described about the safety of β-alanine. The available literature indicates no adverse events related to β-alanine usage; side effects such as paresthesia may be observed if a large single high dose of β-alanine is taken, but the symptom can be attenuated either by using splitting doses (< 1.6 g) or a sustained-release formula. No adverse effects have been reported up to 24 weeks of β-alanine supplementation (3.2 g.day−1), but the adverse effects of longer supplementation periods are still unknown. Most of the existing clinical studies were not designed with safety evaluations as primary end points. β-Alanine is currently considered to be safe in healthy populations, at recommended doses, by the International Society of Sports Nutrition stands position, while the Australian Institute of Sports has established β-alanine as a safe performance-enhancing supplement with strong scientific evidence (grade A). Cohort studies are needed evaluating the safety of β-alanine among representative populations, and the effects of co-variables such as sex, age, and ethnicity.en
dc.description.affiliationLaboratory of Nutrition Exercise and Health (LaNES) School of Medicine Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Para, 1.720 Bloco 2U, Sala 20, Campus Umuarama, MG
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Life Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building
dc.description.affiliationSao Paulo State University (UNESP)
dc.description.affiliationUnespSao Paulo State University (UNESP)
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11332-023-01052-0
dc.identifier.citationSport Sciences for Health.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11332-023-01052-0
dc.identifier.issn1825-1234
dc.identifier.issn1824-7490
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85148418337
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/249669
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofSport Sciences for Health
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectAdverse events
dc.subjectExercise
dc.subjectPerformance
dc.subjectSafety
dc.subjectSide effects
dc.titleSafety of beta-alanine supplementation in humans: a narrative reviewen
dc.typeResenha

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