Superdotados ou esforçados? Caracterização de estudantes que ingressam na universidade por medalhas de olimpíadas científicas
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Data
2023-07-10
Autores
Vazzoler-Mendonça, Adriana
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Olimpíadas Científicas são competições de conhecimento praticadas mundialmente, e estudantes premiados nessas provas podem ingressar nas universidades públicas paulistas que adotam tais resultados como critério de admissão. A fim de conhecer essa população, o objetivo geral foi caracterizar os estudantes universitários medalhistas de Olimpíadas Científicas ingressantes pelo programa Vagas Olímpicas da Unicamp, e os objetivos específicos foram explorar as percepções dos coordenadores de cursos, professores e do Serviço de Apoio ao Estudante sobre o programa Vagas Olímpicas, o perfil dos ingressantes e suas necessidades educacionais; explorar as percepções dos ingressantes sobre o programa Vagas Olímpicas, seu perfil comportamental e suas necessidades educacionais; e mapear indicadores de altas habilidades ou superdotação nesses estudantes. O referencial teórico de altas habilidades ou superdotação que embasou esta pesquisa foi o Modelo dos Três Anéis de Renzulli. Nesta investigação quali-quantitativa exploratória e descritiva foi utilizado o procedimento de triangulação, tanto de métodos como de análise de dados. A população de 160 discentes teve como representantes amostra que variou de 49 a sete participantes, conforme o instrumento. Sete coordenadores de cursos foram entrevistados e seis professores preencheram um questionário sobre os discentes e também foram entrevistados. Os discentes foram convidados a apresentar histórico escolar, a preencher os instrumentos Escala de Motivação para Aprender de Universitários, Escala de Forças de Caráter Breve, Questionário para Identificação de Indicadores de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação em Adultos. O Questionário Sócio-Econômico-Demográfico e os roteiros semiestruturados para as entrevistas com discentes, coordenadores de cursos, professores e servidores do Serviço de Atendimento ao Estudante, criados para esta investigação, foram submetidos a análise por juízes especialistas. Em seguida, foi conduzida uma aplicação-piloto com um estudante para validar os instrumentos e os procedimentos. O local foi a Unicamp, mas todas as interações foram mediadas por tecnologia. Os dados das entrevistas foram analisados por Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, os dados quantitativos foram analisados por estatística descritiva. O principal resultado é que 92,86% da amostra (n = 14) avalia-se com comportamentos superdotados. A principal conclusão é que estudantes universitários ingressantes por medalhas em Olimpíadas Científicas têm indicadores de altas habilidades ou superdotação, e suas principais necessidades educacionais são de acesso a projetos cognitivamente desafiadores, avanço nos estudos e liberdade. A relevância científica deste trabalho está na identificação das características e necessidades educacionais dessa população para o aprimoramento das políticas institucionais de acesso e permanência no Ensino Superior, e a relevância social reside nos subsídios para educadores, familiares e para os próprios estudantes, visando seu florescimento.
Science Olympiads are knowledge competitions practiced worldwide, and students who win awards in these competitions can enter public universities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, which adopt such results as admission criteria. In order to know this population, the general objective was to characterize the Scientific Olympiads medal-winning university students who were admitted by the Olympic Vacancies program at Unicamp, and the specific objectives were to explore the perceptions of course coordinators, professors and the Student Support Service employees about the Olympic Vacancies program, the profile of entrants and their educational needs; to explore the perceptions of entrants about the Olympic Vacancies program, their behavioral profile and their educational needs; and to map indicators of giftedness in these students. The theoretical framework of giftedness that supported this research was Renzulli's Three Rings Model. In this exploratory and descriptive qualitative-quantitative research, the triangulation procedure was used, both of methods and data analysis. The population of 160 students was represented by a sample that varied from 49 to seven participants, depending on the instrument. Seven course coordinators were interviewed, and six professors completed a questionnaire about the students and were also interviewed. The students were invited to provide their school records, to fill in the University Students' Motivation to Learn Scale, Character Strengths Brief Scale, Questionnaire for the Identification of Indicators of Giftedness in Adults. The Socio-Economic-Demographic Questionnaire and the semi-structured scripts for interviews with students, course coordinators, professors, and staff of the Student Assistance Service, created for this study, were submitted to analysis by expert judges. A pilot application was then conducted with one student to validate the instruments and procedures. The location was Unicamp, but all interactions were technology mediated. Interview data were analyzed by Collective Subject Discourse, and quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The main result is that 92.86% of the sample (n = 14) evaluates themselves with gifted behaviors. The main conclusion is that university students who enrolled because of medals in Science Olympiads have indicators of giftedness, and their main educational needs are access to cognitively challenging projects, advance in studies and freedom. The scientific relevance of this work lies in the identification of the characteristics and educational needs of this population for the improvement of institutional policies for access and permanence in Higher Education, and the social relevance lies in the support for educators, family members and the students themselves, aiming at their flourishing.
Science Olympiads are knowledge competitions practiced worldwide, and students who win awards in these competitions can enter public universities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, which adopt such results as admission criteria. In order to know this population, the general objective was to characterize the Scientific Olympiads medal-winning university students who were admitted by the Olympic Vacancies program at Unicamp, and the specific objectives were to explore the perceptions of course coordinators, professors and the Student Support Service employees about the Olympic Vacancies program, the profile of entrants and their educational needs; to explore the perceptions of entrants about the Olympic Vacancies program, their behavioral profile and their educational needs; and to map indicators of giftedness in these students. The theoretical framework of giftedness that supported this research was Renzulli's Three Rings Model. In this exploratory and descriptive qualitative-quantitative research, the triangulation procedure was used, both of methods and data analysis. The population of 160 students was represented by a sample that varied from 49 to seven participants, depending on the instrument. Seven course coordinators were interviewed, and six professors completed a questionnaire about the students and were also interviewed. The students were invited to provide their school records, to fill in the University Students' Motivation to Learn Scale, Character Strengths Brief Scale, Questionnaire for the Identification of Indicators of Giftedness in Adults. The Socio-Economic-Demographic Questionnaire and the semi-structured scripts for interviews with students, course coordinators, professors, and staff of the Student Assistance Service, created for this study, were submitted to analysis by expert judges. A pilot application was then conducted with one student to validate the instruments and procedures. The location was Unicamp, but all interactions were technology mediated. Interview data were analyzed by Collective Subject Discourse, and quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The main result is that 92.86% of the sample (n = 14) evaluates themselves with gifted behaviors. The main conclusion is that university students who enrolled because of medals in Science Olympiads have indicators of giftedness, and their main educational needs are access to cognitively challenging projects, advance in studies and freedom. The scientific relevance of this work lies in the identification of the characteristics and educational needs of this population for the improvement of institutional policies for access and permanence in Higher Education, and the social relevance lies in the support for educators, family members and the students themselves, aiming at their flourishing.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Superdotados, Educação inclusiva, Ensino Superior, Olimpíadas científicas, Superdotação, Altas habilidades, Inclusive Education, Higher Education, Olympics, Gifted adults, Giftedness, Scientific olympiads