Economia circular nos processos agroindustriais: um estudo sobre oportunidades e barreiras no Estado de São Paulo
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Data
2022-04-01
Autores
Conde, Lucivam Junio
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A necessidade de criar alternativas de produção, preservando os recursos naturais e promovendo o desenvolvimento sustentável, vem sendo destaque cada vez mais no ambiente industrial. As agroindústrias possuem a participação de aproximadamente 5,9% no PIB brasileiro. No Estado de São Paulo, representam a maior fonte de receitas para o PIB do Agronegócio, representando 40,2% do montante arrecadado pelo Estado. As práticas de desenvolvimento agrícola ainda são umas das melhores maneiras de combater a pobreza mundial, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento da sociedade, para alimentar 9,7 bilhões de pessoas até 2050, além de representar um terço do produto interno bruto (PIB) global. É assunto referência inclusive dentre os 17 “Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da ONU”, ao se destacar o objetivo 2, ligado a “fome zero” e a “agricultura sustentável”. A quantidade e a qualidade de produtos agrícolas mais sustentáveis dependem diretamente dos sistemas de plantio e das agroindústrias desenvolvidos em cada país e região, sendo necessária padronização para mensurar a avaliar tais níveis de sustentabilidade. Possíveis barreiras na implementação de um sistema de economia circular nas agroindústrias podem ser vistas como: as dificuldades dos gestores em mudar a visão de linearidade na cultura organizacional, a falta de leis que regulem ou até estimulem as práticas da EC. Ademais, alguns desafios como o fato de algumas matérias-primas virgens, muitas vezes, serem mais baratas do que materiais remanufaturados; a falta de conhecimentos técnicos em processos e produtos associados à EC. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi de contribuir para o aumento de conhecimento sobre as oportunidades e barreiras nas práticas de economia circular nas agroindústrias do Estado de São Paulo. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário, contendo perguntas fechadas, analisadas pela escala Likert e questões abertas, que puderem contribuir para a elaboração da Análise SWOT. Pode-se perceber que as agroindústrias do Estado de São Paulo desenvolvem várias práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental, principalmente relacionadas ao planejamento logístico e à reciclagem de recursos, porém, precisam desenvolver novas ações a fim de superar as barreiras, internas e externas.
The need to create production alternatives, preserving natural resources and promoting sustainable development, has been increasingly highlighted in the industrial environment. Agroindustries amount to approximately 5.9% of the Brazilian GDP, amounting to the highest source of income to the state of São Paulo, where Agrobusiness represent 40,2% of the state’s income. Agricultural development practices are some of the best ways to combat world poverty, contributing to the development of society, to feed 9.7 billion people by 2050, in addition to representing one third of the global gross domestic product (GDP), being a reference subject even among the 17 “UN Sustainable Development Goals”, highlighting objective 2, linked to “zero hunger” and “sustainable agriculture”. The quantity and quality of more sustainable agricultural products depends directly on the planting systems and agroindustries developed in each country and region, requiring the standardization of the way of measuring and evaluating such levels of sustainability. Possible barriers in the implementation of a circular economy system in organizations, can be seen as; the difficulties of managers in changing the view of linearity in the organizational culture, the lack of laws that regulate or even stimulate CE practices. In addition, some challenges such as the fact that some materials which are never used are often cheaper than remanufactured ones; the lack of technical knowledge in processes and products associated with EC, can impact the difficulties that agroindustries encounter in their efforts to align their processes so that they become more sustainable, based on the precepts of CE. Thus, the objective of this research is to contribute to the increase of knowledge about the environmental impacts caused by agro-industrial production, in addition to suggesting possible preventive or corrective actions for such processes. It also lists the opportunities and identifies which barriers are faced by agroindustries, in order to develop more sustainable processes.
The need to create production alternatives, preserving natural resources and promoting sustainable development, has been increasingly highlighted in the industrial environment. Agroindustries amount to approximately 5.9% of the Brazilian GDP, amounting to the highest source of income to the state of São Paulo, where Agrobusiness represent 40,2% of the state’s income. Agricultural development practices are some of the best ways to combat world poverty, contributing to the development of society, to feed 9.7 billion people by 2050, in addition to representing one third of the global gross domestic product (GDP), being a reference subject even among the 17 “UN Sustainable Development Goals”, highlighting objective 2, linked to “zero hunger” and “sustainable agriculture”. The quantity and quality of more sustainable agricultural products depends directly on the planting systems and agroindustries developed in each country and region, requiring the standardization of the way of measuring and evaluating such levels of sustainability. Possible barriers in the implementation of a circular economy system in organizations, can be seen as; the difficulties of managers in changing the view of linearity in the organizational culture, the lack of laws that regulate or even stimulate CE practices. In addition, some challenges such as the fact that some materials which are never used are often cheaper than remanufactured ones; the lack of technical knowledge in processes and products associated with EC, can impact the difficulties that agroindustries encounter in their efforts to align their processes so that they become more sustainable, based on the precepts of CE. Thus, the objective of this research is to contribute to the increase of knowledge about the environmental impacts caused by agro-industrial production, in addition to suggesting possible preventive or corrective actions for such processes. It also lists the opportunities and identifies which barriers are faced by agroindustries, in order to develop more sustainable processes.
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Palavras-chave
Economia circular, Sustentabilidade ambiental, Agroindústrias, Agricultura sustentável, Agroindustries, Circular economy, Environmental sustainability, Sustainable agriculture