Espaçamento entre mudas pré-brotadas (MPB) em linhas de plantio de cana-de-açúcar no sistema MEIOSI sob aplicação do regulador vegetal etefon
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Data
2022-03-02
Autores
Figueiredo, Gizele Spigolon
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar no mundo, e a cultura possui grande importância para o agronegócio nacional. O plantio é uma das primeiras operações no sistema de produção agrícola e afeta as operações subsequentes, bem como a produtividade da cultura. O uso de mudas pré brotadas (MPB) é considerado ainda uma tecnologia de plantio pouco disponível e que exige alto investimento. Neste contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de etefon em mudas de MPB e desdobra de mudas da variedade RB985476, e do espaçamento entre mudas na linha de plantio e a taxa de desdobra através da biometria e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar no sistema de MEIOSI (Método Interrotacional Ocorrendo Simultaneamente). Para tanto, utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em um esquema fatorial 4X2 (espaçamento entre mudas X com e sem etefon) e quatro repetições. Os espaçamentos utilizados foram 0,20; 0,40; 0,60 e 0,80 metros entre mudas e o etefon foi aplicado nas doses 0 e 0,5 L ha-1. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey a 5%. As mudas foram plantadas manualmente e a aplicação do regulador foi feita via foliar nas mudas pré brotadas. Aos 270 DAP (dias após o plantio) foram feitas avaliações biométricas de número de perfilhos, comprimento e diâmetro de colmos, número de entrenós, número de gemas por metro, peso de 10 colmos e produtividade de colmos (TCH, toneladas de colmos por hectare). Após o plantio das mudas produzidas (operação de desdobra), houve avaliação de número de perfilhos e comprimento aos 90 dias. Não houve efeito significativo da aplicação de etefon nas MPB aos 270 DAP. O espaçamento de 0,80 m entre mudas não obteve o melhor resultado em produtividade (TCH), porém apresentou taxa de desdobra de 1:11 sem aplicação de etefon suficiente para o desdobramento da área para a variedade RB985476, o que resulta no espaçamento de maior viabilidade econômica por menor custo na aquisição de mudas. Os espaçamentos de 0,60 e 0,80 m apresentaram maior número de perfilhos por muda plantada com e sem etefon. Na desdobra, a avaliação aos 90 DAP não apresentou diferença significativa nas variáveis analisadas.
Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer in the world, and the crop is of significant importance for national agribusiness. Planting is one of the first operations in the agricultural production system and affects both the subsequent operations and crop productivity. The use of pre-sprouted seedlings (MPB) is still considered a planting technology that is not very available and requires high investment. In this context, the objective of the paper was to assess the effect of applying Ethephon on MPB seedlings and on splitting of seedlings from the RB985476 variety, as well as of spacing between seedlings on the plantation line and on the splitting rate through sugarcane biometry and productivity in the Inter-rotational Method of Simultaneous Occurrence (MEIOSI) system. For this purpose, a randomized block design was used, in a 4X2 factorial scheme (spacing between X seedlings with and without Ethephon) and with four replications. The spacings used were 0.20, 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80 meters between seedlings and Ethephon was applied at doses of 0 and 0.5 L ha-1. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5%. The seedlings were planted manually, and the regulator was applied to the pre-sprouted seedlings via foliar. At 270 DAPs (Days After Planting) biometric evaluations were performed regarding the number of tillers, length and diameter of the stems, number of internodes, number of buds per meter, weight of 10 stalks and yield of the stems (TCH, tons per stalks per hectare). After planting the seedlings produced (splitting operation), the number of tillers and length were evaluated at 90 days. Applying Ethephon to the MPB seedlings exerted no significant effect at 270 DAPs. The spacing of 0.80 m between seedlings failed to obtain the best result in productivity (TCH), although it presented a 1:11 splitting rate without applying enough Ethephon to split the area for the RB985476 variety, which results in a spacing with higher economic viability due to the lower seedling acquisition cost. The spacings of 0.60 and 0.80 m presented a higher number of tillers per seedling planted with and without Ethephon. At splitting, the evaluation at 90 DAPs did not present a significant difference in the variables analyzed.
Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer in the world, and the crop is of significant importance for national agribusiness. Planting is one of the first operations in the agricultural production system and affects both the subsequent operations and crop productivity. The use of pre-sprouted seedlings (MPB) is still considered a planting technology that is not very available and requires high investment. In this context, the objective of the paper was to assess the effect of applying Ethephon on MPB seedlings and on splitting of seedlings from the RB985476 variety, as well as of spacing between seedlings on the plantation line and on the splitting rate through sugarcane biometry and productivity in the Inter-rotational Method of Simultaneous Occurrence (MEIOSI) system. For this purpose, a randomized block design was used, in a 4X2 factorial scheme (spacing between X seedlings with and without Ethephon) and with four replications. The spacings used were 0.20, 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80 meters between seedlings and Ethephon was applied at doses of 0 and 0.5 L ha-1. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5%. The seedlings were planted manually, and the regulator was applied to the pre-sprouted seedlings via foliar. At 270 DAPs (Days After Planting) biometric evaluations were performed regarding the number of tillers, length and diameter of the stems, number of internodes, number of buds per meter, weight of 10 stalks and yield of the stems (TCH, tons per stalks per hectare). After planting the seedlings produced (splitting operation), the number of tillers and length were evaluated at 90 days. Applying Ethephon to the MPB seedlings exerted no significant effect at 270 DAPs. The spacing of 0.80 m between seedlings failed to obtain the best result in productivity (TCH), although it presented a 1:11 splitting rate without applying enough Ethephon to split the area for the RB985476 variety, which results in a spacing with higher economic viability due to the lower seedling acquisition cost. The spacings of 0.60 and 0.80 m presented a higher number of tillers per seedling planted with and without Ethephon. At splitting, the evaluation at 90 DAPs did not present a significant difference in the variables analyzed.
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Palavras-chave
Saccharum spp, etefon, espaçamento, viveiro de mudas, linha-mãe, ethephon, spacing, seedling nursery, mother line