Migração e degradação sistêmica do trabalho na frigorificação de carnes em Maringá (PR)
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Data
2022-12-19
Autores
Cantarutti, Daniel Christante
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa aborda as formas e conteúdos da degradação do trabalho que incidem sobre os migrantes haitianos inseridos no setor de abate e processamento de carnes de frango no município de Maringá-PR. Com aporte dos bancos de dados consultados, das entrevistas realizadas com os sujeitos que integram o escopo da pesquisa e da revisão bibliográfica, constatamos que grandes empresas frigoríficas localizadas na região Sul do Brasil se destacam na contratação de trabalhadores haitianos, dentre elas destaca-se a empresa frigorífica GTFoods, localizada em Maringá-PR. As degradantes condições de trabalho nos frigoríficos, perpassadas por ritmos intensos de produção em ambientes insalubres e baixos salários, refletem no aumento do número de agravos a saúde dos trabalhadores, motivando-os quando possível a buscarem outras ocupações de trabalho que não aquelas ofertadas pelos frigoríficos. Nesse cenário a contratação dos haitianos nas atividades econômicas vinculadas aos frigoríficos tem como objetivo suprir parte do movimento de rejeição dos trabalhadores nacionais em ocupar estas vagas de trabalho. Nossos resultados de pesquisa demonstram que os expedientes da precarização e do trabalho degradante atuam de forma mais intensa sobre os migrantes haitianos. No âmbito da GTFoods, constamos que as relações de trabalho que os haitianos vivenciam são marcadas pela presença rotineira do racismo e xenofobia, enquanto estratégia mobilizada pelo capital visando subordinar a força de trabalho migrante e inviabilizar a construção de resistências. São categorizados como trabalhadores inferiores e a condição de migrantes é utilizando como mecanismo que supostamente justificaria condições de trabalho ainda mais aviltantes daquelas que incidem sobre os trabalhadores nacionais. As ações e entendimentos da diretoria do sindicato das indústrias de alimentação de Maringá, não oferecem suporte significativo aos trabalhadores haitianos, ao passo que reproduzem em suas interpretações conteúdos balizados pelo racismo estrutural que os colocam na defesa das empresas em detrimento dos trabalhadores, assim reproduzem e reforçam as determinações da degradação do trabalho.
This research addresses the forms and contents of work degradation that affect Haitian migrants inserted in the slaughtering and processing of chicken meat in the municipality of Maringá-PR. With the contribution of the databases consulted, the interviews carried out with the subjects that are part of the scope of the research and the bibliographical review, we found that large meatpacking companies located in the southern region of Brazil stand out in hiring Haitian workers, among them stands out meatpacking company GTfoods, located in Maringá-PR. The degrading working conditions in slaughterhouses, permeated by intense production rhythms in unhealthy environments and low wages, are reflected in the increase in the number of health problems for workers, motivating them, whenever possible, to seek other work occupations other than those offered by slaughterhouses . In this scenario, hiring Haitians in economic activities linked to slaughterhouses aims to supply part of the movement of rejection of national workers in occupying these job vacancies. Our research results demonstrate that the expedients of precariousness and degrading work act more intensely on Haitian migrants. Within the scope of GTfoods, we found that the work relationships that Haitians experience are marked by the routine presence of racism and xenophobia, as a strategy mobilized by capital aimed at subordinating the migrant workforce and making the construction of resistance unfeasible. They are categorized as inferior workers and the condition of migrants is used as a mechanism that would supposedly justify even more degrading working conditions than those that affect national workers. The actions and understandings of the board of directors of the food industries union of Maringá, do not offer significant support to Haitian workers, while they reproduce in their interpretations contents guided by structural racism that place them in the defense of companies to the detriment of workers, thus reproducing and reinforce the determinations of work degradation.
This research addresses the forms and contents of work degradation that affect Haitian migrants inserted in the slaughtering and processing of chicken meat in the municipality of Maringá-PR. With the contribution of the databases consulted, the interviews carried out with the subjects that are part of the scope of the research and the bibliographical review, we found that large meatpacking companies located in the southern region of Brazil stand out in hiring Haitian workers, among them stands out meatpacking company GTfoods, located in Maringá-PR. The degrading working conditions in slaughterhouses, permeated by intense production rhythms in unhealthy environments and low wages, are reflected in the increase in the number of health problems for workers, motivating them, whenever possible, to seek other work occupations other than those offered by slaughterhouses . In this scenario, hiring Haitians in economic activities linked to slaughterhouses aims to supply part of the movement of rejection of national workers in occupying these job vacancies. Our research results demonstrate that the expedients of precariousness and degrading work act more intensely on Haitian migrants. Within the scope of GTfoods, we found that the work relationships that Haitians experience are marked by the routine presence of racism and xenophobia, as a strategy mobilized by capital aimed at subordinating the migrant workforce and making the construction of resistance unfeasible. They are categorized as inferior workers and the condition of migrants is used as a mechanism that would supposedly justify even more degrading working conditions than those that affect national workers. The actions and understandings of the board of directors of the food industries union of Maringá, do not offer significant support to Haitian workers, while they reproduce in their interpretations contents guided by structural racism that place them in the defense of companies to the detriment of workers, thus reproducing and reinforce the determinations of work degradation.
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Palavras-chave
Degradação do trabalho, Trabalho migrante, Haitianos, Work degradation, Migrant work, Haitians