Uso de ácido salicílico em pré e pós-colheita de batata como regulador vegetal e mecanismo de defesa
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Data
2022-06-30
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estresse oxidativo é um dos principais fatores causadores de danos para as plantas expostas a fatores ambientais adversos. As plantas desenvolvem diversos mecanismos de defesa para eliminar moléculas indutoras de estresse oxidativo. A batata é uma das culturas mais sensíveis a fatores ambientais, que podem afetar negativamente o desempenho da planta, particularmente a formação e crescimento dos tubérculos. O ácido salicílico (AS) é considerado um hormônio vegetal que desempenha um papel importante no crescimento, desenvolvimento e resistência das plantas a estresse abiótico. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar os efeitos do AS aplicado em condições de déficit hídrico na pré-colheita e finalmente na pós-colheita. No primeiro experimento, o AS foi aplicado na forma de pulverização foliar (0 e 1 mM) sob três tensões de água no solo (10, 30 e 45 kPa). No segundo experimento, os tubérculos dos tratamentos do primeiro experimento foram colocados em imersão em AS (8 mM) para posterior avaliação pós-colheita. Para o primeiro experimento foram coletados dados fisiológicos e bioquímicos na folha e tubérculo em dois períodos de avaliação aos 60 e 90 dias após emergência (DAE). Os resultados revelaram que o déficit hídrico de 45 kPa afetou negativamente o metabolismo fisiológico e alterou bioquimicamente a planta da batata. A aplicação foliar de AS apresentou efeitos positivo na mitigação do estresse oxidativo da planta, como declínio de malonaldeído e síntese de compostos bioativos para aumentar a capacidade antioxidante da planta. Os tubérculos que foram submetidos a condições de estresse hídrico apresentaram mudança principalmente no conteúdo de amido no tubérculo na pós-colheita, ainda assim, a imersão em AS do tubérculo proporcionou mudança significativa relativamente baixa nos compostos bioativos do tubérculo. Em conjunto, os resultados indicam que a aplicação de AS exógeno pode desempenhar uma função positiva para controlar os efeitos de estresse oxidativo na planta e tubérculo da batata.
Oxidative stress is one of the main factors causing damage to plants exposed to adverse environmental factors. As plants develop various defense mechanisms to eliminate molecules that induce oxidative stress. Potato is one of most sensitive cultures to environmental factors, which can negatively affect the performance of the plant, particularly the formation and growth of tubers. Salicylic acid (SA) is considered a plant hormone that plays an important role in the growth, development, and resistance of plants to abiotic stress. Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of SA applied under water deficit conditions in pre-harvest and finally in postharvest. In the first experiment, SA was applied in the form of foliar spray (0 and 1 mM) on three tensions of water (10, 30 and 45 kPa). In the second experiment, the two treated tubers from the first experiment were placed in immersion in AS (8 mM) for post-harvest assays. First experiment, physiological and biochemical data were collected for the leaf and tuber from two periods of 60 and 90 days after emergency (DAE). Results showed that a water deficit of 45 kPa negative affected the physiological metabolism and biochemical altered the potato plant. Foliar application of SA showed positive effects in mitigating the oxidative stress of the plant, such as the decline of malondialdehyde and the synthesis of bioactive compounds to increase the antioxidant capacity of the plant. Tubers were submitted in water deficit conditions showed change mainly without the content of % starch in the tuber post-harvest, when immersed in tuber SA showed relatively low significant change in bioactive compounds tuber. Our results indicate that the application of exogenous SA can play a positive role in controlling the effects of oxidative stress on the potato plant and tuber
Oxidative stress is one of the main factors causing damage to plants exposed to adverse environmental factors. As plants develop various defense mechanisms to eliminate molecules that induce oxidative stress. Potato is one of most sensitive cultures to environmental factors, which can negatively affect the performance of the plant, particularly the formation and growth of tubers. Salicylic acid (SA) is considered a plant hormone that plays an important role in the growth, development, and resistance of plants to abiotic stress. Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of SA applied under water deficit conditions in pre-harvest and finally in postharvest. In the first experiment, SA was applied in the form of foliar spray (0 and 1 mM) on three tensions of water (10, 30 and 45 kPa). In the second experiment, the two treated tubers from the first experiment were placed in immersion in AS (8 mM) for post-harvest assays. First experiment, physiological and biochemical data were collected for the leaf and tuber from two periods of 60 and 90 days after emergency (DAE). Results showed that a water deficit of 45 kPa negative affected the physiological metabolism and biochemical altered the potato plant. Foliar application of SA showed positive effects in mitigating the oxidative stress of the plant, such as the decline of malondialdehyde and the synthesis of bioactive compounds to increase the antioxidant capacity of the plant. Tubers were submitted in water deficit conditions showed change mainly without the content of % starch in the tuber post-harvest, when immersed in tuber SA showed relatively low significant change in bioactive compounds tuber. Our results indicate that the application of exogenous SA can play a positive role in controlling the effects of oxidative stress on the potato plant and tuber
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Palavras-chave
Batata, Estresse oxidativo, Ácido salicílico, Compostos bioativos, Potato, Oxidative stress, Salicylic acid, Bioactive compounds