Um monumento historiográfico: a construção de cânones e memórias disciplinares para a história das mulheres e das relações de gênero no Brasil (1987-2012)
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2023-01-24
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Esta tese tem como preocupação principal a compreensão de alguns elementos que fizeram parte da constituição do campo de conhecimento histórico brasileiro comumente denominado História das Mulheres e das Relações de Gênero. Para isso, alguns caminhos e recortes foram escolhidos. Partindo das preocupações da História da Historiografia, a pesquisa questionou como foram construídas memórias disciplinares e de que maneira foram conformados alguns cânones historiográficos para a historiografia brasileira dedicada ao estudo das mulheres e das relações de gênero. Com tais questões em vista, elegeram-se como fontes de pesquisa alguns textos publicados por historiadoras brasileiras que praticaram, desde suas diferentes instituições e orientações teóricas, História das Mulheres e/ou das Relações de Gênero. Tais textos, em sua maioria balanços historiográficos ou reflexões teóricas e conceituais, publicados entre os anos de 1987 e 2012, narraram, de alguma forma, passados diferentes para o referido campo no Brasil. Ao analisar e descrever tais narrativas, a tese pôde identificar a emissão de três enunciados diferentes sobre a origem, sobre o que seria ou o que deveria ser o campo: o primeiro afirmava que a História das Mulheres e das Relações de Gênero no Brasil teria se originado da História da Família e da Demografia histórica; o segundo defendia que o campo teria emergido da História das Mulheres tal qual praticada pela História Social; e, por fim, o terceiro argumentava que o mesmo campo teria nascido de uma historiografia do trabalho realizada, na maior parte das vezes, pelas cientistas sociais. Os três enunciados, nesse sentido, construíram memórias disciplinares divergentes e elegeram diferentes cânones e marcos fundadores para a história que narravam sobre a constituição do campo, informando disputas teóricas, conceituais, institucionais e políticas no interior da historiografia brasileira profissional e acadêmica entre os anos 1980 e as primeiras décadas do século XXI. Escrevendo esses textos, construindo essas memórias disciplinares e tais cânones historiográficos, as historiadoras brasileiras levantaram mais que referências, discussões, historiadoras e obras; elas ergueram, também, um monumento que, hoje, parece bem acabado: a área específica, o campo ou a subdisciplina História das Mulheres e das Relações de Gênero no Brasil. Procura-se, nesta tese, descrever esse monumento.
This thesis aims to understand some elements that were part of the constitution of the field of Brazilian historical knowledge commonly called Women’s History and Gender Relations. For this, some paths and clippings were chosen. Starting from the concerns of the History of Historiography, the research questioned how disciplinary memories were constructed and how some historiographical canons were formed for the Brazilian historiography dedicated to the study of women and gender relations. With these questions in mind, some texts published by Brazilian women historians who have practiced, from their different institutions and theoretical orientations, the Women’s History and/or of Gender Relations were chosen as research sources. Such texts, mostly historiographical studies, or theoretical and conceptual reflections, published between 1987 and 2012, narrated, in some way, different pasts for the referred field in Brazil. By analyzing and describing such narratives, the thesis was able to identify the issue of three different statements about the origin, about what would be or what should be the field: the first stated that the Women’s History and Gender Relations in Brazil would have originated from the Family History and Historical Demography; the second argued that the field would have emerged from the History of Women as practiced by Social History; and, finally, the third argued that the same field would have been born from a historiography of work carried out, in most cases, by social scientists. The three statements, in this sense, built divergent disciplinary memories and elected different canons and founding milestones for the history they narrated about the constitution of the field, informing theoretical, conceptual, institutional and political disputes within professional and academic Brazilian historiography between the 1980s and the first decades of the 21st century. By writing these texts, building these disciplinary memories and historiographical canons, the Brazilian historians raised more than references, discussions, historians and works; they raised also a monument that, nowadays, it seems well finished: the specific area, the field of study or the subdiscipline Women’s History and Gender Relations. It seeks, in this thesis, describe this monument.
This thesis aims to understand some elements that were part of the constitution of the field of Brazilian historical knowledge commonly called Women’s History and Gender Relations. For this, some paths and clippings were chosen. Starting from the concerns of the History of Historiography, the research questioned how disciplinary memories were constructed and how some historiographical canons were formed for the Brazilian historiography dedicated to the study of women and gender relations. With these questions in mind, some texts published by Brazilian women historians who have practiced, from their different institutions and theoretical orientations, the Women’s History and/or of Gender Relations were chosen as research sources. Such texts, mostly historiographical studies, or theoretical and conceptual reflections, published between 1987 and 2012, narrated, in some way, different pasts for the referred field in Brazil. By analyzing and describing such narratives, the thesis was able to identify the issue of three different statements about the origin, about what would be or what should be the field: the first stated that the Women’s History and Gender Relations in Brazil would have originated from the Family History and Historical Demography; the second argued that the field would have emerged from the History of Women as practiced by Social History; and, finally, the third argued that the same field would have been born from a historiography of work carried out, in most cases, by social scientists. The three statements, in this sense, built divergent disciplinary memories and elected different canons and founding milestones for the history they narrated about the constitution of the field, informing theoretical, conceptual, institutional and political disputes within professional and academic Brazilian historiography between the 1980s and the first decades of the 21st century. By writing these texts, building these disciplinary memories and historiographical canons, the Brazilian historians raised more than references, discussions, historians and works; they raised also a monument that, nowadays, it seems well finished: the specific area, the field of study or the subdiscipline Women’s History and Gender Relations. It seeks, in this thesis, describe this monument.
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História da historiografia, História das mulheres, História das relações de gênero, Memória disciplinar, Cânone historiográfico, Historiografia brasileira, History of historiography, Women's history, History of gender relations, Disciplinary memory, Historiographical canon, Brazilian historiography