Qualidade de carne e perfil transcriptômico de cordeiros alimentados com melaço de soja em confinamento
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Data
2023-02-08
Autores
Pereira Junior, Sérgio Antonio Garcia
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O melaço de soja (MSO) é um subproduto da soja com baixo custo e alto rendimento de produção com potencial efeito em agregar qualidade à carne de cordeiros. Portanto, o objetivo com este estudo é investigar o potencial do subproduto sobre os parâmetros de carcaça e qualidade da carne de cordeiros em confinamento, sobretudo seu potencial em regular fatores de transcrição gênica relacionados à deposição de gordura. Foram utilizados quarenta cordeiros machos, sendo vinte não castrados e vinte castrados cirurgicamente e, distribuídos aleatoriamente em duas dietas experimentais (CON – 0 g/kg de MSO e M20 – 200 g/kg de MSO), o período experimental teve duração de 76 dias. No momento do abate foi avaliada a carcaça dos animais e coletado amostras do músculo Longissimus thoracis fresco para avaliação do transcriptoma por meio de RNA-seq e amostras de gordura subcutânea e músculo na altura da 12ª costela para avaliação de celularidade de adipócitos. Após refrigeração de 24h, foram coletadas amostras do mesmo músculo de ambos os lados da carcaça para avaliação física e composição química da carne. Os efeitos do MSO foram avaliados de forma separada para cada categoria sexual. A inclusão do MSO não influenciou o desempenho, carcaça e carne dos cordeiros não castrados, contudo aumentou o peso do fígado em proporção ao peso corporal, aumentou a circulação sanguínea de triglicerídeos totais e o tamanho das células adiposas subcutâneas. Enquanto nos animais castrados, o MSO aumentou a circulação de ureia no sangue, reduziu a glicose e aumentou a deposição de gordura subcutânea, bem como o tamanho das suas células adiposas além de melhorar a durabilidade da carne ao reduzir os teores de malonaldeído. O perfil do transcriptoma do músculo nos animais não castrados, demonstraram que a maior circulação de triglicerídeos altera a sinalização à insulina no músculo, enquanto para os cordeiros castrados a inclusão do MSO aumenta a expressão de genes envolvidos no metabolismo da frutose, HK2. E a dieta CON aumenta a expressão de genes envolvidos na oxidação lipídica como o ACOX2 e LPL, o que leva a menores deposições de gordura na carcaça em comparação à MS20. Portanto, o efeito do MSO na carne de cordeiros em confinamento neste estudo está mais atrelado a reduções na oxidação lipídica do músculo melhorando o balanço entre síntese e oxidação
Soybean molasses (SM) is a soybean by-product with low production cost and high production yield with potential effect in adding quality to lamb meat. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the by-product on carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot lambs, especially its potential to modulate gene expression related to fat deposition. Forty male lambs were used, twenty noncastrated and twenty surgically castrated and randomly distributed in two experimental diets (CON – 0 g/kg of SM and SM20 – 200 g/kg of SM), the experimental period lasted 76 days At the time of slaughter, the animals' carcasses were evaluated and samples of fresh Longissimus thoracis muscle were collected for transcriptome evaluation by RNA-seq and samples of subcutaneous fat and muscle at the height of the 12th rib for evaluation of adipocyte cellularity. After 24 hours of refrigeration, samples of the same muscle were collected from both sides of the carcass for physical evaluation and chemical composition of the meat. The effects of SM were evaluated separately for each sex category. The inclusion of SM did not influence the performance, carcass traits and meat of non-castrated lambs, however it increased liver weight in proportion to body weight, increased blood circulation of total triglycerides and the size of subcutaneous adipose cells. While in castrated animals, SM increased the circulation of urea seric, decreased glucose and increased subcutaneous fat deposition, as well as the size of their adipose cells, and improved meat shelf life by reducing TBARS content. The profile of the muscle transcriptomic in non-castrated animals demonstrated that the greater circulation of triglycerides alters insulin signaling pathway in the muscle, while for castrated lambs the inclusion of SM increases the gene expression of genes involved in fructose metabolism, as HK2. And the CON diet increases the gene expression of genes involved in lipid oxidation such as ACOX2 and LPL, which leads to less fat deposition in the carcass. Therefore, the effect of SM on meat from feedlot lambs in this study is more linked to reductions in muscle lipid oxidation, improving the balance between synthesis and oxidation.
Soybean molasses (SM) is a soybean by-product with low production cost and high production yield with potential effect in adding quality to lamb meat. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the by-product on carcass traits and meat quality of feedlot lambs, especially its potential to modulate gene expression related to fat deposition. Forty male lambs were used, twenty noncastrated and twenty surgically castrated and randomly distributed in two experimental diets (CON – 0 g/kg of SM and SM20 – 200 g/kg of SM), the experimental period lasted 76 days At the time of slaughter, the animals' carcasses were evaluated and samples of fresh Longissimus thoracis muscle were collected for transcriptome evaluation by RNA-seq and samples of subcutaneous fat and muscle at the height of the 12th rib for evaluation of adipocyte cellularity. After 24 hours of refrigeration, samples of the same muscle were collected from both sides of the carcass for physical evaluation and chemical composition of the meat. The effects of SM were evaluated separately for each sex category. The inclusion of SM did not influence the performance, carcass traits and meat of non-castrated lambs, however it increased liver weight in proportion to body weight, increased blood circulation of total triglycerides and the size of subcutaneous adipose cells. While in castrated animals, SM increased the circulation of urea seric, decreased glucose and increased subcutaneous fat deposition, as well as the size of their adipose cells, and improved meat shelf life by reducing TBARS content. The profile of the muscle transcriptomic in non-castrated animals demonstrated that the greater circulation of triglycerides alters insulin signaling pathway in the muscle, while for castrated lambs the inclusion of SM increases the gene expression of genes involved in fructose metabolism, as HK2. And the CON diet increases the gene expression of genes involved in lipid oxidation such as ACOX2 and LPL, which leads to less fat deposition in the carcass. Therefore, the effect of SM on meat from feedlot lambs in this study is more linked to reductions in muscle lipid oxidation, improving the balance between synthesis and oxidation.
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Subproduto, Carne qualidade, Cordeiros, Nutrição