Estratégias de engajamento em divulgação científica: análise das Christmas Lectures
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2023-03-03
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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A vertiginosa aceleração do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, observada nos últimos anos, propiciou a criação de um novo mundo que ultrapassa os limites das dimensões cartesianas do espaço: o mundo virtual estabelecido pela rede mundial de computadores. A internet transformou o modo de como acessamos as informações, nos comunicamos, compramos, vendemos, trabalhamos e até nos divertimos, enfim, promoveu mudanças significativas na maneira de como convivemos. Considerando a cultura como sendo a produção humana de costumes, leis, crenças que determinam formas de convívio de um determinado povo, no mundo criado pela internet, o convívio entre pessoas com diferentes culturas propicia a criação de um novo modo de ver a realidade, possibilitando a gênese de novos costumes, de novas regras de convivência e portanto, de uma nova cultura, denominada como cibercultura. No contexto da cibercultura e, em relação à necessidade de se promover a alfabetização científica e tecnológica, num mundo altamente parametrizado pela Ciência e pela Tecnologia, uma questão fundamental se impõe: como está sendo feita a divulgação científica? Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as características, estratégias e os elementos de produção de vídeos de divulgação científica, bem como identificar elementos que permitam caracterizar a imagem do divulgador de ciências e sua identificação com o público. Para tanto, analisamos, a partir da perspectiva da Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin (2011), 24 vídeos de divulgação científica - as Christmas Lectures, produzidas pela Royal Institution of Great Britain disponíveis no site oficial da instituição. Nossa escolha por esse material justifica-se tendo em vista a tradição de mais duzentos anos dessa instituição em realizar a divulgação científica, bem como pelo grande número de visualizações de seus vídeos, cerca de 15 milhões. Após a leitura dos materiais de análise e do recenseamento dos dados, identificamos que as estratégias de divulgação mais utilizadas residem em momentos de Interação, no uso de Recursos Tecnológicos e de Itens e Equipamentos, em dinâmicas de Experimentação, na Participação de convidados especiais e, por fim, na Contextualização dos assuntos discutidos com elementos da realidade, como profissões, aplicações industriais, uso na tecnologia ou relacionados com atividades cotidianas. Desse modo, concluímos que tais palestras servem como excelente material de apoio para a prática docente, bem como um guia para as iniciativas de divulgação científica no Brasil e no mundo.
The vertiginous acceleration of scientific and technological development, observed in recent years, has led to the creation of a new world that exceeds the limits of the Cartesian dimensions of space: the virtual world established by the World Wide Web. The Internet has transformed the way we access information, communicate, buy, sell, work, and even have fun; in short, it has promoted significant changes in the way we live together. Considering culture as the human production of customs, laws, beliefs that determine the ways of coexistence of a certain people, in the world created by the internet, the coexistence between people with different cultures provides the creation of a new way of seeing reality, enabling the genesis of new customs, new rules of coexistence and, therefore, of a new culture, called cyberculture. In the context of cyberculture and, in relation to the need to promote scientific and technological literacy, in a world highly parameterized by Science and Technology, a fundamental question is imposed: how is the scientific dissemination being done? This work aims to identify the characteristics, strategies and production elements of science popularization videos, as well as to identify elements that allow characterizing the image of the science communicator and its identification with the public. For this, we analyze, from the perspective of Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2011), some science dissemination videos - the Christmas Lectures, produced by the Royal Institution of Great Britain available on the official website of the institution. Our choice for this material is justified in view of the tradition of over two hundred years of this institution in performing the scientific dissemination, as well as the large number of views of their videos, about 15 million. After reading the analysis materials and the data census, we identified that the most used dissemination strategies reside in moments of Interaction, in the use of Technological Resources and of Items and Equipment, in Experimentation dynamics, in the Participation of special guests and, finally, in the Contextualization of the subjects discussed with elements of reality, such as professions, industrial applications, use in technology or related to daily activities. Thus, we conclude that such lectures serve as excellent support material for teaching practice, as well as a guide for science popularization initiatives in Brazil and worldwide.
The vertiginous acceleration of scientific and technological development, observed in recent years, has led to the creation of a new world that exceeds the limits of the Cartesian dimensions of space: the virtual world established by the World Wide Web. The Internet has transformed the way we access information, communicate, buy, sell, work, and even have fun; in short, it has promoted significant changes in the way we live together. Considering culture as the human production of customs, laws, beliefs that determine the ways of coexistence of a certain people, in the world created by the internet, the coexistence between people with different cultures provides the creation of a new way of seeing reality, enabling the genesis of new customs, new rules of coexistence and, therefore, of a new culture, called cyberculture. In the context of cyberculture and, in relation to the need to promote scientific and technological literacy, in a world highly parameterized by Science and Technology, a fundamental question is imposed: how is the scientific dissemination being done? This work aims to identify the characteristics, strategies and production elements of science popularization videos, as well as to identify elements that allow characterizing the image of the science communicator and its identification with the public. For this, we analyze, from the perspective of Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2011), some science dissemination videos - the Christmas Lectures, produced by the Royal Institution of Great Britain available on the official website of the institution. Our choice for this material is justified in view of the tradition of over two hundred years of this institution in performing the scientific dissemination, as well as the large number of views of their videos, about 15 million. After reading the analysis materials and the data census, we identified that the most used dissemination strategies reside in moments of Interaction, in the use of Technological Resources and of Items and Equipment, in Experimentation dynamics, in the Participation of special guests and, finally, in the Contextualization of the subjects discussed with elements of reality, such as professions, industrial applications, use in technology or related to daily activities. Thus, we conclude that such lectures serve as excellent support material for teaching practice, as well as a guide for science popularization initiatives in Brazil and worldwide.
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Divulgação Científica, Cibercultura, Christmas Lectures, Science Communication, Cyberculture