Instrumentos ópticos como recurso didático para a formação do conceito de imagem
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Data
2020-09-25
Autores
Andrade, Gustavo Thiago Souza
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho visa um estudo analítico e experimental da óptica geométrica, abordada no Ensino Médio, cujos fundamentos e aplicações são a base para conceituar a formação de imagens. Realizou-se uma análise histórica relativo ao estudo do comportamento da luz nos meios ópticos, seus princípios e um estudo e compreensão das suas aplicações desde a câmara escura de orifício (pinhole) até demais instrumentos ópticos que utilizam lentes como o projetor de imagens a fim de tentar reproduzir, de maneira alternativa, uma ferramenta artística utilizada principalmente no período do renascimento (XIV até XVI) em quadros pelos artistas da época. Neste contexto, os alunos confeccionaram projetores simples feitos com materiais cotidianos e, com o auxílio de seus aparelhos celulares e cartazes fixados como anteparo para a projeção e contorno das imagens projetadas, recriaram as condições utilizadas no período do renascimento. Os resultados mostraram que metodologia ativa e a aula invertida foram cruciais no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, pois favoreceu a compreensão dos conceitos físicos abordados, uma vez que, os alunos eram os protagonistas do processo de construção do dispositivo e ao mesmo tempo, do processo de construção do conhecimento.
This work aims at an analytical and experimental study of geometric optics, its fundamentals and applications in order to conceptualize the images formation addressed in high school. A historical analysis was carried out concerning the study of the light behavior in optical media, its principles and a study and understanding of its applications from the dark hole camera (pinhole) to other optical instruments that use lenses such as the image projector in order to try to reproduce, in an alternative way, an artistic tool used mainly in the Renaissance period (XIV to XVI) in paintings by artists of the time. The students produced simple projectors made with everyday materials and, with the help of their cell phones and posters fixed as a bulkhead for the projection and outline of the projected images recreated the conditions used during the Renaissance period. The results showed that the active methodology and the flipped classroom were crucial in the learning process of the students, since they favored the understanding of the physical concepts approached, since the students were the protagonists of the device construction process and at the same time, the knowledge construction process.
This work aims at an analytical and experimental study of geometric optics, its fundamentals and applications in order to conceptualize the images formation addressed in high school. A historical analysis was carried out concerning the study of the light behavior in optical media, its principles and a study and understanding of its applications from the dark hole camera (pinhole) to other optical instruments that use lenses such as the image projector in order to try to reproduce, in an alternative way, an artistic tool used mainly in the Renaissance period (XIV to XVI) in paintings by artists of the time. The students produced simple projectors made with everyday materials and, with the help of their cell phones and posters fixed as a bulkhead for the projection and outline of the projected images recreated the conditions used during the Renaissance period. The results showed that the active methodology and the flipped classroom were crucial in the learning process of the students, since they favored the understanding of the physical concepts approached, since the students were the protagonists of the device construction process and at the same time, the knowledge construction process.
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Palavras-chave
Ensino de física, Óptica geométrica, Conceituar imagem, Physics teaching, Geometric optics, Image concept