Minimização das forças de contração de polimerização de resinas compostas usando o controle de intensidade de luz no processo de fotoativação
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Data
2020-09-30
Autores
Marcelino, Edilmar
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em nosso país, o número de pessoas que tem problemas bucais de origem dentária, apresenta dados alarmantes quando comparados a outros países desenvolvidos. Por mais avanço que a Odontologia vem apresentando nas últimas décadas, encontramos problemas nos processos das restaurações dentárias, sejam por causa dos materiais e equipamentos utilizados ou devido às técnicas utilizadas. Visando restabelecer o elemento dental destruído por fraturas ou por cárie, as restaurações dentárias visam devolver a estrutra perdida, reestabelecendo de maneira apropriada a forma e função natural. Com enforque especial para as resinas compostas, as mesmas são utilizadas como o material de primeira escolha pelos profissionais, lenvando-se em conta a exigência dos pacientes, os quais buscam além da função mastigatória, um material que apresente estética adequada. Assim, o resultado estético encontrado com o uso das resinas compostas é muito bom, variando da composição das mesmas e indicação específica da região dental em que deverão ser utilizadas, de acordo com a necessidade do profissional. No entanto, alguns comportamentos mecânicos durante e após o processo de fotopolimerização são insatisfatórios, em especial, a elevada contração de polimerização, a qual acarreta infiltrações bacterianas nestas restaurações no decorrer do tempo, levando a destruição dental e perda consequente da restauração. Pelo exposto, o presente estudo avaliou os diferentes métodos de fotoativação: convencional, pulse-delay, soft-start e exponencial, considerando diferentes níveis de energia de ativação. Foram utilizados três modelos/marcas de resinas compostas para a realização dos ensaios de contração, dureza e variação de temperatura. O método exponencial apresentou resultados promissores para sua aplicação em consultórios odontológicos, pois demonstrou grande potencial para diminuição da contração de polimerização e da variação da temperatura na resina, mantendo a qualidade da restauração quando comparado aos demais métodos de fotoativação.
In our country, the number of people who have dental problems of dental origin, presents alarming data when compared to other developed countries. For more advances that Dentistry has been presenting in the last decades, we still find problems in the processes of dental restorations, either because of the materials and equipment used or due to the techniques used. In order to restore the dental element destroyed by fractures or caries, dental restorations aim to restore the lost structure, restoring the natural shape and function in an appropriate way. With special hangings for composite resins, they are used as the material of first choice by professionals, taking into account the demands of patients, who seek, in addition to the masticatory function, a material that presents adequate aesthetics. Thus, the aesthetic results found with the use of composite resins are very good, varying from their composition and specific indications of the dental region in which they should be used, according to the professional's need. However, some mechanical behaviors during and after the photopolymerization process are unsatisfactory, in particular, the high polymerization contraction, which causes bacterial infiltrations in these restorations over time, leading to dental destruction and consequent loss of the restoration. From the above, the present study sought to evaluate the different photoactivation methods: conventional, pulse-delay, soft-start and exponential, considering different levels of activation energy. Three models / brands of composite resins were used to perform the tests of contraction, hardness and temperature variation. The exponential method showed promising results for its application in dental offices, as it demonstrated great potential for reducing polymerization contraction and temperature variation in the resin, maintaining the quality of the restoration when compared to other photoactivation methods.
In our country, the number of people who have dental problems of dental origin, presents alarming data when compared to other developed countries. For more advances that Dentistry has been presenting in the last decades, we still find problems in the processes of dental restorations, either because of the materials and equipment used or due to the techniques used. In order to restore the dental element destroyed by fractures or caries, dental restorations aim to restore the lost structure, restoring the natural shape and function in an appropriate way. With special hangings for composite resins, they are used as the material of first choice by professionals, taking into account the demands of patients, who seek, in addition to the masticatory function, a material that presents adequate aesthetics. Thus, the aesthetic results found with the use of composite resins are very good, varying from their composition and specific indications of the dental region in which they should be used, according to the professional's need. However, some mechanical behaviors during and after the photopolymerization process are unsatisfactory, in particular, the high polymerization contraction, which causes bacterial infiltrations in these restorations over time, leading to dental destruction and consequent loss of the restoration. From the above, the present study sought to evaluate the different photoactivation methods: conventional, pulse-delay, soft-start and exponential, considering different levels of activation energy. Three models / brands of composite resins were used to perform the tests of contraction, hardness and temperature variation. The exponential method showed promising results for its application in dental offices, as it demonstrated great potential for reducing polymerization contraction and temperature variation in the resin, maintaining the quality of the restoration when compared to other photoactivation methods.
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Palavras-chave
Contração de Polimerização, Fotoativação, Resina composta, Photoactivation, Composite resin, Polymerization contraction