Condições de saúde ao nascimento e no primeiro ano de vida de filhos de mães adolescentes
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Data
2023-02-24
Autores
Arik, Roberta Marielle [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo tem por foco os resultados perinatais e do primeiro ano de vida de recém-nascidos filhos de mães adolescentes. Sua relevância está na abordagem de problema de saúde pública relevante, a gestação na adolescência, e o seguimento dos recém-nascidos de forma prospectiva, até o final do primeiro ano de vida. Objetivo Geral: analisar desfechos da gravidez na adolescência em coorte de recém-nascidos acompanhados do nascimento até o primeiro ano de vida quanto ao aleitamento materno e peso infantil. Objetivos específicos: 1- comparar o peso ao nascer, aos seis e 12 meses de vida de crianças filhas de mães adolescentes e não adolescentes; 2- comparar a prática do aleitamento materno na primeira hora de vida, a duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo e a prática do aleitamento materno aos 12 meses de idade de crianças filhas de mães adolescentes e não adolescentes. Método: Trata-se de recorte de ampla pesquisa de base populacional desenvolvida em Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, intitulada Coorte de Lactentes de Botucatu (Estudo CLaB). Esta coorte foi composta por amostra intencional de 656 binômios mães-lactentes, cujos partos ocorreram em Botucatu, nos serviços público ou privado de saúde e que foram atendidos em serviço de atenção primária municipal de triagem neonatal entre junho de 2015 e fevereiro de 2016. O seguimento deu-se em sete momentos, da inclusão na coorte no primeiro mês aos 12 meses de vida e foi completado por 585 crianças. A coleta de dados deu-se presencialmente e por telefone. Para o presente estudo, foram incluídos 558 e 522 lactentes, sendo 82 e 78 filhos de mães adolescentes, respectivamente, para o primeiro e segundo objetivos específicos, por conterem todas as variáveis de interesse. A análise de dados foi realizada ajustando modelos de regressão linear com resposta normal incluindo, no componente determinístico dos modelos, as variáveis de confundimento que apresentaram p<0,20 na fase de análise bivariada. No modelo final considerou-se significativo p<0,05. Análises foram feitas com o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v22. Houve aprovação por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa local (Parecer no 3.961.629). Resultados: Nas análises múltiplas, de maneira independente, encontrou-se diferença significativa do peso ao nascer entre os filhos de adolescentes, sendo a magnitude em 105 gramas (β= -105; IC95%= -209_-1; p=0,047). Não se identificou efeito da gravidez na adolescência sobre o peso aos seis e 12 meses de idade. Quanto ao aleitamento materno, a adolescência não se associou a não amamentar na primeira hora de vida do bebê, à duração do aleitamento materno exclusivo e à prática do aleitamento aos 12 meses. Conclusão: No presente estudo, houve efeito da gravidez na adolescência apenas no peso ao nascer. Assim, cabe aos serviços de saúde a implementação de ações que possam minimizar o risco de baixo peso ao nascer entre gestantes adolescentes.
The present study focu , 2023. ses on the perinatal and firstyear outcomes of newborns born to teenage mothers. Its relevance lies in approaching a public health problem of great relevance, teenage pregnancy, and the prospective followend of the first year of up of newborns, until the life. General Objective: to analyze the outcomes of teenage pregnancy in a cohort of newborns followed from birth to the first year of life regarding breastfeeding and infant weight. Specific objectives: 1at birth, at six and 12 month compare the weight s of life of children born to adolescent and non adolescent mothers; 2-- compare the practice of breastfeeding in the first hour of life, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the practice of breastfeeding at 12 months of age in children born to adole scent and nonThis is an excerpt from a broad populationadolescent mothers. Method: based survey developed in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, entitled Cohort of Infants of Botucatu (CLaB Study). This cohort was composed of an intentional sample of 656 motherinfant pairs, whose deliveries took place in Botucatu, in public or private health services, and who were attended at a municipal primary care neonatal screening service between June 2015 and February 2016. Followup took place in seven moments, from incl usion in the cohort in the first month to 12 months of life, and was completed by 585 children. Data collection took place in person and over the phone. For the present study, 558 and 522 infants were included, of which 82 and 78 were children of adolescen t mothers, respectively, for the first and second specific objectives, as they contained all the variables of interest. Data analysis was performed by adjusting linear regression models with normal response including, in the deterministic component of the models, the confounding variables that presented p<0.20 in the bivariate analysis phase. In the final model, p<0.05 was considered significant. Analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v22 software. There was app roval by the local Research Ethics Committee (Opinion No. 3,961,629). Results: In the multiple analyses, independently, a significant difference was found in birth weight among children of a dolescents, with a magnitude of 105 grams (β= 105; CI95%= 209_1; p=0.047). No effect of teenage pregnancy on weight at six and 12 months of age was identified. As for breastfeeding, adolescence was not associated with not breastfeeding in the baby's fir st hour of life, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the practice of breastfeeding at 12 months. Conclusion: In the present study, there was an effect of teenage pregnancy only on birth weight. Thus, it is up to health services to implement actions that can minimize the risk of low birth weight among pregnant adolescents.
The present study focu , 2023. ses on the perinatal and firstyear outcomes of newborns born to teenage mothers. Its relevance lies in approaching a public health problem of great relevance, teenage pregnancy, and the prospective followend of the first year of up of newborns, until the life. General Objective: to analyze the outcomes of teenage pregnancy in a cohort of newborns followed from birth to the first year of life regarding breastfeeding and infant weight. Specific objectives: 1at birth, at six and 12 month compare the weight s of life of children born to adolescent and non adolescent mothers; 2-- compare the practice of breastfeeding in the first hour of life, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the practice of breastfeeding at 12 months of age in children born to adole scent and nonThis is an excerpt from a broad populationadolescent mothers. Method: based survey developed in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, entitled Cohort of Infants of Botucatu (CLaB Study). This cohort was composed of an intentional sample of 656 motherinfant pairs, whose deliveries took place in Botucatu, in public or private health services, and who were attended at a municipal primary care neonatal screening service between June 2015 and February 2016. Followup took place in seven moments, from incl usion in the cohort in the first month to 12 months of life, and was completed by 585 children. Data collection took place in person and over the phone. For the present study, 558 and 522 infants were included, of which 82 and 78 were children of adolescen t mothers, respectively, for the first and second specific objectives, as they contained all the variables of interest. Data analysis was performed by adjusting linear regression models with normal response including, in the deterministic component of the models, the confounding variables that presented p<0.20 in the bivariate analysis phase. In the final model, p<0.05 was considered significant. Analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v22 software. There was app roval by the local Research Ethics Committee (Opinion No. 3,961,629). Results: In the multiple analyses, independently, a significant difference was found in birth weight among children of a dolescents, with a magnitude of 105 grams (β= 105; CI95%= 209_1; p=0.047). No effect of teenage pregnancy on weight at six and 12 months of age was identified. As for breastfeeding, adolescence was not associated with not breastfeeding in the baby's fir st hour of life, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the practice of breastfeeding at 12 months. Conclusion: In the present study, there was an effect of teenage pregnancy only on birth weight. Thus, it is up to health services to implement actions that can minimize the risk of low birth weight among pregnant adolescents.
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Palavras-chave
Adolescent, Birth weight, Breastfeeding, Pregnancy, Newborn, Infant, Gravidez, Adolescência, Recém-nascido, Lactente, Peso ao nascer, Aleitamento materno