Parâmetros da fluência em indivíduos que gaguejam falantes do português brasileiro
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2023-03-08
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: O conhecimento do perfil evolutivo da gagueira por meio da investigação dos parâmetros da fluência e da classificação da gravidade da gagueira em diferentes faixas etárias é necessário devido às possíveis implicações científicas e clínicas. No entanto, a literatura sobre este tema é escassa. Objetivo: investigar e comparar os parâmetros da fluência, e classificar a gravidade da gagueira em indivíduos com diagnóstico de distúrbio desenvolvimental da fluência da fala em diferentes ciclos de vida. Metodologia: Participaram 200 indivíduos com diagnóstico de gagueira, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 3 a 55 anos e 11 meses, divididos em: Grupo de Pré-Escolares com Gagueira (GPEG) composto por 43 crianças; Grupo de Escolares com Gagueira (GEG) composto por 75 crianças; Grupo de Adolescentes com Gagueira (GAG) constituído por 49 indivíduos, e; Grupo de Adultos com Gagueira (GAdG) composto por 33 adultos. Os procedimentos utilizados foram avaliação da fluência realizada por meio de um registro audiovisual da amostra de fala espontânea, protocolo de transcrição da fala com a análise qualitativa e quantitativa das disfluências, classificadas como Disfluências Típicas da Gagueira (DTG) ou Outras Disfluências (OD) e por fim, o protocolo do Instrumento de Gravidade da Gagueira que teve por objetivo mensurar o grau de acometimento do distúrbio. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada com auxílio software STATISTIC (versão 23.0), com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Os participantes apresentaram maior frequência das disfluências típicas da gagueira (X̅ = 16,1) quando comparadas com a frequência de outras disfluências (X̅ = 14,3). Houve variabilidade na velocidade de fala e na gravidade da gagueira, e a gagueira leve ocorreu em 43% participantes. As tipologias das disfluências típicas da gagueira mais frequentes foram: repetição de palavra monossilábica (X̅ = 5,2), prolongamento (X̅ = 3,0) e bloqueio (X̅ = 3,0). Pré–escolares apresentaram maior frequência de repetição de palavra monossilábica do que os adolescentes (p= 0,012) e adultos (p= 0,008). As pausas ocorreram com maior frequência nos escolares do que os adultos (p= 0,002). Para as outras disfluências as mais frequentes foram hesitação (X̅ = 6,3) e interjeição (X̅ = 4,0). A velocidade de fala dos pré-escolares (130 SPM e 74 PPM) e escolares (137,9 SPM e 77,6 PPM) foi reduzida quando comparada com a velocidade de fala de adolescentes (155,8 SPM e 89 PPM) e adultos (193,5 SPM e 109,5 PPM). O escore de concomitantes físicos dos pré-escolares foi menor quando comparado aos grupos de adolescentes (p= 0,054) e adultos com gagueira (p= 0,170). Os achados similares em todos os grupos foram: quanto maior quantidade de disfluências típicas da gagueira, maior quantidade do total de disfluências e maior escore do Instrumento de Gravidade da Gagueira, e; quanto maior frequência de disfluências típicas da gagueira, menores os fluxos de sílabas e de palavras por minuto. Conclusão: A descontinuidade na fala ocorreu em todos os indivíduos, com predomínio das disfluências típicas da gagueira em relação às outras disfluências. Pré-escolares apresentaram maior mediana de disfluências típicas da gagueira e os adultos maior mediana de outras disfluências. A repetição de palavra monossilábica foi a tipologia de disfluência mais frequente, seguida pelo bloqueio e prolongamento em todos os grupos. A velocidade de fala foi muito variável, sendo menor nos pré-escolares e escolares quando comparados com os adolescentes e adultos. A gagueira leve foi predominante nos escolares, adolescentes e adultos enquanto a moderada prevaleceu nos pré-escolares. Houve relação positiva entre as disfluências típicas da gagueira com o total de disfluências e com o Escore do Total do Instrumento de Gravidade da Gagueira, e relação negativa com a velocidade de fala em todos os grupos etários.
Introduction: Knowledge of the evolutionary profile of stuttering through the investigation of fluency parameters and the classification of stuttering severity in different age groups is crucial due to possible scientific and clinical implications. However, the literature on this topic is scarce. Objective: to investigate and compare fluency parameters and to classify stuttering severity in individuals diagnosed with developmental speech fluency disorders in different life cycles. Methodology: Participants were 200 individuals diagnosed with stuttering, of both sexes, aged between 3 and 55 years and 11 months, divided into: Group of Preschool Children with Stuttering (GPCS) composed of 43 children; Group of School-Age Children with Stuttering (GSCS) composed of 75 children; Group of Adolescents with Stuttering (GAS) consisting of 49 individuals, and; Group of Adults with Stuttering (GAdS) composed of 33 adults. The procedures were fluency assessment performed through an audiovisual recording of the spontaneous speech sample, speech transcription protocol with qualitative and quantitative analysis of disfluencies classified as Stuttering-like Disfluencies (SLD) or Other Disfluencies (OD) and finally, the Stuttering Severity Instrument protocol, which aimed to measure the degree of involvement of the disorder. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the STATISTIC software (version 23.0), with a significance level of 5%. Results: Participants had a higher frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies (X̅ = 16.1) when compared to the frequency of other disfluencies (X̅ = 14.3). There was variability in speech rate and stuttering severity, and mild stuttering occurred in 43% of participants. The most frequent typologies of stuttering-like disfluencies were: monosyllabic word repetition (X̅ = 5.2), prolongation (X̅ = 3.0) and block (X̅ = 3.0). Preschool children presented a higher frequency of monosyllabic word repetition than adolescents (p= 0.012) and adults (p= 0.008). Pauses occurred more frequently in student than in adults (p= 0.002). For the other disfluencies, the most frequent were hesitation (X̅ = 6.3) and interjection (X̅ = 4.0). The speech rate of preschool children (130 SPM and 74 WPM) and school-age children (137.9 SPM and 77.6 WPM) was reduced when compared to the speech rate of adolescents (155.8 SPM and 89 WPM) and adults (193.5 SPM and 109.5 WPM). The physical concomitant score of preschool children was lower when compared to the groups of adolescents (p= 0.054) and adults who stutter (p= 0.170). Similar findings in all groups were: the greater the number of stuttering-like disfluencies, the greater the total number of disfluencies and the higher the Stuttering Severity Instrument score, and; the higher the frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies, the lower the flow of syllables and words per minute. Conclusion: Discontinuity in speech occurred in all individuals, with a predominance of stuttering-like disfluencies in relation to other disfluencies. Preschool children had a higher median of stuttering-like disfluencies and adults had a higher median of other disfluencies. Monosyllabic word repetition was the most frequent type of disfluency, followed by block and prolongation in all groups. Speech rate was very variable, being lower in preschool children and school-age children when compared to adolescents and adults. Mild stuttering was predominant in school-age children, adolescents and adults, while moderate stuttering prevailed in preschool children. There was a positive relationship between stuttering-like disfluencies and the total number of disfluencies and the Total Score of the Stuttering Severity Instrument, and a negative relationship with speech rate in all age groups.
Introduction: Knowledge of the evolutionary profile of stuttering through the investigation of fluency parameters and the classification of stuttering severity in different age groups is crucial due to possible scientific and clinical implications. However, the literature on this topic is scarce. Objective: to investigate and compare fluency parameters and to classify stuttering severity in individuals diagnosed with developmental speech fluency disorders in different life cycles. Methodology: Participants were 200 individuals diagnosed with stuttering, of both sexes, aged between 3 and 55 years and 11 months, divided into: Group of Preschool Children with Stuttering (GPCS) composed of 43 children; Group of School-Age Children with Stuttering (GSCS) composed of 75 children; Group of Adolescents with Stuttering (GAS) consisting of 49 individuals, and; Group of Adults with Stuttering (GAdS) composed of 33 adults. The procedures were fluency assessment performed through an audiovisual recording of the spontaneous speech sample, speech transcription protocol with qualitative and quantitative analysis of disfluencies classified as Stuttering-like Disfluencies (SLD) or Other Disfluencies (OD) and finally, the Stuttering Severity Instrument protocol, which aimed to measure the degree of involvement of the disorder. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the STATISTIC software (version 23.0), with a significance level of 5%. Results: Participants had a higher frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies (X̅ = 16.1) when compared to the frequency of other disfluencies (X̅ = 14.3). There was variability in speech rate and stuttering severity, and mild stuttering occurred in 43% of participants. The most frequent typologies of stuttering-like disfluencies were: monosyllabic word repetition (X̅ = 5.2), prolongation (X̅ = 3.0) and block (X̅ = 3.0). Preschool children presented a higher frequency of monosyllabic word repetition than adolescents (p= 0.012) and adults (p= 0.008). Pauses occurred more frequently in student than in adults (p= 0.002). For the other disfluencies, the most frequent were hesitation (X̅ = 6.3) and interjection (X̅ = 4.0). The speech rate of preschool children (130 SPM and 74 WPM) and school-age children (137.9 SPM and 77.6 WPM) was reduced when compared to the speech rate of adolescents (155.8 SPM and 89 WPM) and adults (193.5 SPM and 109.5 WPM). The physical concomitant score of preschool children was lower when compared to the groups of adolescents (p= 0.054) and adults who stutter (p= 0.170). Similar findings in all groups were: the greater the number of stuttering-like disfluencies, the greater the total number of disfluencies and the higher the Stuttering Severity Instrument score, and; the higher the frequency of stuttering-like disfluencies, the lower the flow of syllables and words per minute. Conclusion: Discontinuity in speech occurred in all individuals, with a predominance of stuttering-like disfluencies in relation to other disfluencies. Preschool children had a higher median of stuttering-like disfluencies and adults had a higher median of other disfluencies. Monosyllabic word repetition was the most frequent type of disfluency, followed by block and prolongation in all groups. Speech rate was very variable, being lower in preschool children and school-age children when compared to adolescents and adults. Mild stuttering was predominant in school-age children, adolescents and adults, while moderate stuttering prevailed in preschool children. There was a positive relationship between stuttering-like disfluencies and the total number of disfluencies and the Total Score of the Stuttering Severity Instrument, and a negative relationship with speech rate in all age groups.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gagueira, Fonoaudiologia, Fala, Distúrbio da fala, Avaliação, Stuttering, Speech, Language and hearing sciences, Speech disorders, Evaluation
Como citar
PICOLOTO, Luana Altran. Parâmetros da fluência em indivíduos que gaguejam falantes do português brasileiro. Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023.