Eficácia de fungicidas em tratamento de sementes no controle de Fusarium pallidoroseum em relação ao tamanho de sementes na cultura da soja
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Data
2021-04-28
Autores
Barbosa, Alexandre Donizeti
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O fungo Fusarium pallidoroseum (syn. F. semitectum) é um dos patógenos com maior ocorrência em sementes de soja sendo o tratamento químico das sementes, através do uso de fungicidas, o principal método de controle deste patógeno. Entretanto, a qualidade do tratamento e consequentemente a eficácia dos produtos utilizados pode ser influenciada por diversos fatores, entre eles o tamanho das sementes. Trabalhos relacionados a dose de fungicidas em função do tamanho das sementes são escassos na literatura sobretudo para sementes de soja. Portanto, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de fungicidas para controle do fungo Fusarium pallidoroseum levando-se em consideração dois lotes de tamanhos diferentes de sementes de soja. Para isso sementes da cultivar 97R50, foram classificadas em 2 peneiras distintas (5,5 mm e 6,5 mm), inoculadas com o fungo Fusarium pallidoroseum e posteriormente tratadas com os fungicidas: Picoxistrobina + Ipconazole + Oxathiapiprolim (PIO) e Metalaxil-M + Fludioxonil (MF). Para avaliar o efeito dos diferentes tratamentos foram realizados teste de germinação, estande inicial e estande final, Índice de Velocidade de Emergência (IVE), peso de matéria seca da parte aérea e de raízes de plântulas emergidas, teste de sanidade Blotter test, altura de plântulas, análise do sistema radicular , índice de dano e taxa de transmissão. Os parâmetros de qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes foram afetados pelas doses dos fungicidas utilizados, mostrando a eficácia dos produtos, porém comparando-se as doses nos diferentes tamanhos de peneiras não houve dados significativos. Os resultados encontrados reafirmam a necessidade de mais estudos com esta abordagem, já que são raros os trabalhos sobre a relação da dosagem de fungicidas com área superficial de contato das sementes e seus efeitos nos demais parâmetros de qualidade.
Fusarium pallidoroseum (syn. F. semitectum) is one of the pathogens with the highest occurrence in soybean seeds. However, the quality of the seed treatment and consequently the effectiveness of the products used can be influenced by several factors, including seed size. Studies related to the dose of fungicides and its relationship with seed size are scarce in the literature, especially for soybean seeds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides to control the fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum on two different sizes of soybean seeds. The soybean cultivar 97R50 was classified in two different sieves (5.5 mm and 6.5 mm), inoculated with the fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum and subsequently treated with the fungicides: Picoxystrobin + Ipconazole + Oxathiapiprolim (PIO) and Metalaxyl-M + Fludioxonil (MF). To evaluate the effect of the different treatments were performed germination test, initial and final stand, Emergence Velocity Index (EVI), dry matter weight of the seedlings, Blotter test, seedling height, root system analysis, damage index and transmission rate. The parameters of physiological and seed health quality were affected by the doses of fungicides used, showing the effectiveness of the products, however, comparing the doses in the different sieve sizes, there were no significant data. The results found reaffirm the need for further studies with this approach, since there are few studies on the relationship of fungicide dosage with the seed size and its effects on other quality parameters.
Fusarium pallidoroseum (syn. F. semitectum) is one of the pathogens with the highest occurrence in soybean seeds. However, the quality of the seed treatment and consequently the effectiveness of the products used can be influenced by several factors, including seed size. Studies related to the dose of fungicides and its relationship with seed size are scarce in the literature, especially for soybean seeds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides to control the fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum on two different sizes of soybean seeds. The soybean cultivar 97R50 was classified in two different sieves (5.5 mm and 6.5 mm), inoculated with the fungus Fusarium pallidoroseum and subsequently treated with the fungicides: Picoxystrobin + Ipconazole + Oxathiapiprolim (PIO) and Metalaxyl-M + Fludioxonil (MF). To evaluate the effect of the different treatments were performed germination test, initial and final stand, Emergence Velocity Index (EVI), dry matter weight of the seedlings, Blotter test, seedling height, root system analysis, damage index and transmission rate. The parameters of physiological and seed health quality were affected by the doses of fungicides used, showing the effectiveness of the products, however, comparing the doses in the different sieve sizes, there were no significant data. The results found reaffirm the need for further studies with this approach, since there are few studies on the relationship of fungicide dosage with the seed size and its effects on other quality parameters.
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Palavras-chave
Sementes, Soja, Fusarium, Fungicidas, Seeds, Soybean