Teses - Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

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Livro didático como tecnologia educacional: uma proposta de construção coletiva para a organização curricular do conteúdo voleibol
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2012-07-05) Impolcetto, Fernanda Moreto [UNESP]; Darido, Suraya Cristina [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
A organização curricular e o livro didático são temas pouco abordados nas pesquisas da área de Educação Física escolar. Considera-se que a complexidade do processo educativo e as condições de trabalho exigem que o professor disponha de recursos e instrumentos que o auxiliem na tarefa de ensinar. Nesse sentido, o livro didático pode materializar a organização dos conteúdos curriculares em propostas para auxiliar os professores na prática pedagógica. Além disso, parte-se do princípio de que é fundamental que a organização curricular e a construção desse tipo de material possa acontecer de modo colaborativo entre o meio acadêmico e os professores que atuam nas escolas, valorizando suas experiências e conhecimentos. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi elaborar e analisar o processo de construção coletiva de um livro didático de voleibol, apresentando uma proposta de organização curricular desse conteúdo do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental, a partir do conhecimento dos professores e da produção acadêmica da área da Educação Física. Buscou-se ainda implementar e avaliar os usos do material do 6º ano na prática pedagógica de uma das professoras participantes da pesquisa. Foi utilizada como metodologia a pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com referencial teórico na pesquisa-ação, enfoque metodológico que permitiu a realização de encontros com seis professores de Educação Física que atuam em escolas e outras áreas com o ensino do voleibol. Ao término dos encontros, as aulas elaboradas para o 6º ano foram aplicadas por uma das professoras do grupo e observadas pela pesquisadora. Os resultados dos encontros e da aplicação das aulas indicaram que as principais dificuldades dos professores relacionaram-se às condições de trabalho e formação inicial e continuada. As condições de trabalho implicam na...
E-gov e as políticas de lazer: análise dos projetos da rede CEDES - Ministério do Esporte
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-04-08) Kawaguti, Cristiane Naomi [UNESP]; Schwartz, Gisele Maria [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
O governo eletrônico (e-gov) representa um sistema de disseminação de informações e outros serviços, com o intuito de manter a transparência das ações ministeriais em curso, o qual pode ocorrer internamente, entre os ministérios e com a população em geral. Entretanto, para que este sistema seja eficiente, tornam-se necessárias iniciativas capazes de alimentar e gerir novas informações. Sendo assim, o objetivo do estudo foi promover um balanço dos projetos financiados pela Rede de Centros de Desenvolvimento de Esporte Recreativo e de Lazer (Rede CEDES), da Secretaria Nacional de Desenvolvimento do Esporte e do Lazer do Ministério do Esporte, evidenciando suas principais características, bem como, verificar a disponibilização dos dados referentes a esses projetos no site Ministerial, com o intuito de contribuir para a ampliação das possibilidades de disseminação de informações sobre o lazer no e-gov. O estudo constou de uma análise documental dos projetos apoiados pela Rede CEDES, associada a uma pesquisa exploratória, realizada com os projetos financiados pela Rede CEDES, cujos dados foram disponibilizados nos site do Ministério do Esporte. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente, por meio da Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temático e indicam o crescimento das ações da Rede CEDES, desde 2003 até o presente, estreitando as relações com e entre as Universidades e a inserção de novos centros produtores do conhecimento de todas as regiões. As abordagens dos projetos puderam ser divididas em 9 eixos temáticos, conforme o objetivo de cada pesquisa e a disseminação das informações nos sites do Ministério apresentam ainda algumas lacunas pendentes, haja vista que as informações postadas pelo Ministério do Esporte em seu site são ainda incongruentes, ao serem comparadas aos...
Efeito da duração do estímulo e do tipo de recuperação nas respostas metabólicas e cardiorrespiratórias durante um exercício intermitente realizado no domínio severo em indivíduos ativos
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-08-15) Barbosa, Luis Fabiano [UNESP]; Greco, Camila Coelho [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
No domínio severo de exercício, a concentração de lactato sanguíneo ([La]) e o consumo de oxigênio (VO2) não apresentam estabilização e o indivíduo pode atingir o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2max) ao final do exercício mesmo em intensidades abaixo do VO2max, em função do componente lento do VO2 (CL), que emerge por volta de 80-110 s após o início do exercício. No exercício intermitente, o estímulo prévio anterior e o tipo de recuperação podem acelerar a cinética do VO2 e antecipar o surgimento do CL. Com isso, o objetivo central deste estudo foi analisar e comparar as respostas metabólicas, cardiorrespiratórias e a performance em um exercício intermitente no domínio severo, com diferentes durações de estímulo e tipo de recuperação, em indivíduos ativos. Inicialmente, voluntários do gênero masculino, saudáveis, com idades entre 21 e 35 anos realizaram um teste incremental até a exaustão em um cicloergômetro para a determinação do VO2max e da intensidade correspondente ao VO2max (IVO2max) e foram divididos em dois grupos (recuperação ativa, N = 9 e recuperação passiva, N = 9). Posteriormente, os voluntários realizaram os seguintes procedimentos: 1) duas transições a 95% IVO2max, a fim de se determinar o momento do surgimento, a duração e a amplitude do CL, e; 2) dois testes intermitentes (relação esforço: pausa 2:1) em ordem aleatória, sendo um composto por estímulos cuja duração correspondente ao momento do início do CL (Inter 1: Ativa - 132 ± 39 s e Passiva - 105 ± 29s), e o outro com estímulos com duração estabelecida no momento correspondente à metade da duração do CL (Inter 2: Ativa - 253 ± 56 s e Passiva - 252 ± 50s). Foram analisadas as respostas da [La] e da cinética...
Second life®: corpo ou avatar? realidade ou fantasia?
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-08-28) Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari [UNESP]; Machado, Afonso Antonio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Atualmente, não há como negar a entrada maciça das tecnologias em nossas vidas. Tecnologias essas, que muitas vezes acabam por alterar e redefinir nossas vidas e relações para com o mundo e/ou com outras pessoas. Pensando nisso, realizamos uma pesquisa que teve como objetivos centrais: identificar os principais motivos apontados por usuários do jogo Second Life® (SL) para participar do mesmo e compreender as possíveis influências da utilização desse jogo sobre a vida real (RL) desses participantes. Para que pudéssemos atender aos objetivos propostos, optamos pelo emprego de um estudo etnográfico, de cunho qualitativo no mundo virtual através da observação participante. O estudo foi realizado entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2012 e contou com a investigação de 10 (dez) avatares, sendo 5 (cinco) representados por corpos femininos e 5 (cinco) masculinos, residentes no jogo SL. Como instrumentos, utilizamos uma entrevista semi estruturada por meio do chatbox do jogo, além do registro fotográfico de todos os participantes, obtidos por meio de um recurso disponível dentro do próprio ambiente. A pesquisa também foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos do Instituto de Biociências da UNESP, campus de Rio Claro e obedeceu todos os padrões éticos exigidos pela Resolução 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Na análise e interpretação dos dados empregamos 2 (duas) diferentes técnicas: (1) Análise de conteúdo, que foi utilizada na interpretação das falas consideradas importantes das entrevistas semi estruturadas e também na compilação dos dados das entrevistas na forma de quadros. Esta técnica também nos permitiu melhor compreensão e posterior categorização dos dados pelo sistema de ―milha‖, ou seja, durante a trajetória de análise, que resultou no encontro de 3 (três) diferentes...
A relação das novas mídias de comunicação e o esporte: rupturas e conflitos para a formação moral a partir da representação social do futebol
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-10-30) Moioli, Altair [UNESP]; Machado, Afonso Antonio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The formation of the society, in a post-modern view, is marked by technological innovations, where the virtual media causes intense changes in communication patterns, forms of contacts and relationships. It causes the displacement of the subject to different environments, and it changes their actions to undefined places. The contacts with different areas of daily life - sports and virtual places - intensify changes in the moral subject’s perception. The main objective of this work was to analyze the moral perception of adolescent soccer athletes in different scenarios, and check how they perceive morality from the dilemmas they experience in the sports environment. Therefore, this study is a basic nature research, with qualitative approach and descriptive purpose. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. They were conducted in the social networking site Facebook, with the participation of 13 athletes (aged 16 to 18 years) who play soccer in official championships. The procedures adopted for the analysis and the coding of the data were based on Thematic Analysis and Discourse Analysis. The results indicated that the athletes interviewed lived experiences mediated by both temporal and contextual differences, crossed by the actions of real subject leaders (coaches / managers), idealized leaders (mothers / fathers) and virtual ones (real / fake communities). They represent a different character for each environment - real or virtual - that carries specific subjectivities and leave marks on the constitution of the young athlete, consequently, on the contitution of the new moral subject. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the dialectical relationship of the athlete with different environments gives them the ability to relativize the actions without moral value. The gap between projections and interpretations of principles and values, which is differently manifested in each territory, leaves the athlete naked and without...
Efeito de dois diferentes treinamentos com exercícios físicos em variáveis biomecânicas e metabólicas da marcha de idosas
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-11-12) Marques, Nise Ribeiro [UNESP]; Gonçalves, Mauro [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Durante a marcha a atuação adequada de todos os segmentos corporais é essencial para manter a estabilidade. Contudo, ao longo do processo de envelhecimento humano, alterações no sistema neuromuscular podem reduzir a habilidade de executar tarefas motoras complexas, como a marcha, e aumentar o risco de quedas na população idosa. Nesse sentido, os objetivos do presente estudo foram: correlacionar o custo energético, ativação muscular e parâmetros biomecânicos da marcha de idosas caidoras e não caidoras; correlacionar força articular do quadril, joelho e tornozelo com parâmetros biomecânicos da marcha de idosas caidoras e não caidoras; comparar a ativação eletromiográfica dos músculos estabilizadores do tronco e de membros inferiores durante a marcha de mulheres jovens e idosas; e identificar o efeito do treinamento de oito semanas com o Método Pilates no padrão de ativação eletromiográfico dos músculos estabilizadores do tronco e de membros inferiores durante a marcha de mulheres idosas. Participaram do estudo trinta e oito idosas (68,21 anos) e quinze mulheres jovens (22,13 anos). O protocolo para coleta de dados foi realizado em duas diferentes visitas ao ambiente de coleta. No primeiro dia, foram coletados dados de força articular do quadril, joelho e tornozelo, bem como, foi realizada a familiarização dos sujeitos com a caminhada na esteira em velocidade de preferência. Durante a segunda visita, foram coletados: o consumo de oxigênio na posição sentada e durante caminhada em velocidade de preferência; e parâmetros biomecânicos (eletromiografia e cinemática) da marcha. De acordo com nossos achados, em idosas não caidoras o aumento da idade e da coativação dos músculos da coxa (reto femoral/glúteo máximo) foram os únicos fatores relacionados ao aumento do custo energético durante a marcha, enquanto que para idosas caidoras, o aumento da coativação dos músculos da perna (tibial anterior/gastrocnêmio...
Avaliação de desempenho de respostas motoras combinadas à digitação em diferentes teclados utilizados em dispositivos móveis
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-11-29) Alleoni, Bruno Nascimento [UNESP]; Corrêa, Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The use of mobile phones and tablets is becoming more common in our society, be it for communication, games or reading. Communication may be by voice or text message and different situations as in a classroom or even in traffic. This study was based on the behavior of imminent risk of accident, increasingly, people using the mobile phone in transit to exchange text messages. Two experiments with the following objectives were achieved: analyzing the performance of older adults and typing text copied and stored in two types of keyboards, progress conventional and virtual text displayed on the capacitive touchscreen of a type of cell phone, and; analyze interference with the task of typing a text stored on a task of visual reaction time to press a brake pedal with the right foot. This study shows that text entry by adults and elderly was faster when taken with the conventional progress keyboard. The participants found it is easier and less tiring to use the conventional progress keyboard than using the touchscreen. Adults can divide more attention than seniors, but venture further to the risk and may be more susceptible to involvement in a traffic accident. The use of the mobile device for entering text leads to a considerable increase in response time to a visual stimulus, being highly indicated that traffic laws are updated in relation to the use of telecommunication devices. And that the operating system of any motor vehicles keep their conventional drive keys due to the potential injury to use attention on a virtual button could cause
Indicadores biomecânicos do risco de quedas em marcha com duplas tarefas e a influência do treinamento de equilíbrio com haste vibratória: diferenças entre idosos caidores e não caidores
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2013-12-02) Hallal, Camilla Zamfolini [UNESP]; Gonçalves, Mauro [UNESP]; Vieira, Edgar Ramos [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
As quedas são responsáveis pela dependência funcional, institucionalização, medo de cair e perda de confiança em idosos. Existem associações entre risco de quedas e alterações em parâmetros biomecânicos e metabólicos da marcha de idosos. Entretanto, não existe na literatura estudos que comprovem a eficácia desdes métodos para discriminar idosos caidores e não caidores com limiares classificadores. Os objetivos deste estudo foram identificar entre parâmetros biomecânicos e metabólicos as melhores variáveis preditoras de quedas em idosos e identificar pontos de corte classificadores. Participaram do estudo 37 idosos do gênero feminino divididos em caidores e não caidores. Foram coletados os torques articulares do quadril, joelho e tornozelo; custo energético durante a marcha; e variabilidade do tempo das fases da marcha. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o algoritmo C4.5 de aprendizado de maquinas. A variabilidade do tempo de apoio mostrou-se capaz de distinguir os grupos de idosos caidores e não caidores com 93% de sensibilidade, 100% de especificidade e ponto de corte de 0.101917. O máximo torque isométrico flexor de joelho também foi capaz de distinguir os grupos com 87% de sensibilidade, 76% de especificidade e ponto de corte de 62.52 N.m/Kg. As demais variáveis foram irrelevantes e não contribuiram para padrões discriminativos. O algorítmo de aprendizagem de máquina simbólico (C4.5) mostrou-se capaz de extrair conhecimento sobre os dados coletados e classificar idosos caidores e não caidores a partir de pontos de corte. Este método permitiu identificar que as variáveis de variabilidade do tempo de apoio e máximo torque isométrico flexor de joelho são capazes de discriminar idosos caidores e não caidores e pode contribuir para a identificação precoce de idosos caidores e implementação de programas de prevenção e tratamento
Modulação do sistema nervoso autônomo no desempenho motor de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-02-05) Gama, Daniel Traina [UNESP]; Pellegrini, Ana Maria [UNESP]; Hiraga, Cynthia Yukiko [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Modulation of the Autonomous Nervous System (ANS) plays as important role in the processes of human development. However, the ANS modulation in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has not been explored by researchers. The goal of this study was to verify the involvement and/or the role of the Autonomous Nervous System related to children with DCD issues through the analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Spectral, symbolic and conditional entropy analyses of HRV of DCD children was compared to the Typically Developed (TD) children in the following context: (1) Testing for active postural changes, from supine to orthostatic position and (2) in different stages of a motor task, specifically during instruction, practice and assessment. The test results with active postural changes indicated that children with DCD have adequate autonomous modulation while resting in basic posture positions, similarly to TD children. HRV results during different stages of the motor task indicated that, during practice, TD children showed parasympathetic modulations significantly higher than the ones showed by DCD children. During assessment, TD children reduced parasympathetic modulation closer to the modulation pattern of children with DCD. Therefore, DCD children`s neurophysiologic systemic modulation during motor task practice and both groups (DT and TDC) neurophysiologic systemic modulation during motor task assessment were not adequate to the motor performance demands throughout learning process
Jogos digitais educacionais nas aulas de Educação Física: Olympia, um videogame sobre os jogos olímpicos
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-02-07) Franco, Laercio Claro Pereira [UNESP]; Darido, Suraya Cristina [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The traditional direction of knowledge transmission from older people to younger ones has been changing the paradigms of family education and schools. This is corroborated by several authors, who claim that literacy is no longer exclusive of school, but can also happen outside it with the use of new technologies. Physical Education also feels these symptoms in the process of virtualization of society, however, still slowly and with difficulties in breaking the tradition of exclusive use of the procedural dimension, entering into the attitudinal and conceptual dimensions. This study focuses on the conceptual dimension of school Physical Education, since its objective was the creation of a 3D digital educational game, which deals with the historical and mythological origins of the Olympic and Athletic Games. The construction of this software was based upon the discussions about the presence of new technologies in Education and Physical Education, besides taking into account game theories in general and specifically digital games with educational objectives. Historical aspects of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece were surveyed for the approach and reproduction in the phases of the proposed game: the Olympia. The production – made by a multi-disciplinary team from Metrocamp/Ibmec Faculties – had financial support from CNPq, thus opening the possibility of hiring modeling and programming companies to complement the game structure. This manufacturing was based on engine Irrlicht, thus opening possibilities of launching the game for Linux and Windows, among others, in low operational capacity computers, which are present in the majority of data processing labs in the Brazilian public schools. A digital pilot game is presented containing one phase: the race, together with questions to be answered by the students on the concepts offered. A second phase, from a total of four, has already begun - the javelin – but has not yet been concluded....
Os conteúdos e a prática pedagógica dos professores de educação física: análise do currículo do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-02-14) Barros, André Minuzzo de [UNESP]; Darido, Suraya Cristina [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Contents organization and its role in the curriculum are recent and polemical subjects in the elementary school and high school physical education and it has been an usual discussion, notably from nowadays curriculum proposals presented by states of federation as São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, among others. The objective of this research was to describe and analyze how teachers interpret, evaluate and implement the contents provided in the Teacher‟s Handout. The methodological approach was of qualitative nature and the data collection involved the review of documents that support the Curriculum of São Paulo Teacher‟s Handout, Physical Education and field research, by means of semi-structured interviews and observation of teacher‟s classes. The interviews were done with seven Physical Education teachers teaching in at least one class of elementary school (cycle II) or high school of the SEE-SP public system, in the city of São Paulo, they declare that they know the contents provided in the Teacher‟s Handout and formally agreed to participate in the research. Two of them had been observed in their pedagogical practice. The data were discussed based on contents analysis. The results show that usually teachers ignore the conception of teaching and the inherent content concepts provided in the Teacher‟s Handout, recognizing better the amplification then its deepening. Teachers are favorable to the contents organization provided in the Teacher‟s Handout, but evaluate them in quite different measures, depending on mainly how they understand the teaching conception and its inherent concept. Teachers who implemented contents more coherently in relationship with the Curriculum of São Paulo proposals were the ones who had shown better capacity of interpret and evaluate the Teacher‟s Handout contents. Highlighting the knowledge of teaching conception as a fundamental element to the proper development of...
Usabilidade de site e tecnologia wiki aplicadas ao jogo de xadrez no ambiente virtual =: Usability of site and wiki technology applied to the chess set in virtual environment
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-05-20) Christofoletti, Danielle Ferreira Auriemo [UNESP]; Schwartz, Gisele Maria [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
In today’s world, the technology of the information is present as an innovation that takes part of the daily life, instigating the interaction in virtual spaces and in social networks more frequently. Due to this new social interaction, understanding the usability of these technological tools and their quality becomes a necessary question to improve the use of these possibilities. Thus, this qualitative and quantitative study investigated the reasons of adherence of chess players in virtual spaces, as well as the site usability to the online chess games, in the context of virtual leisure, under user´s perspective. As a result of this research it was also drawn up a wiki for teaching the chess game. The study consisted of a literature review and an exploratory research, using an open questionnaire for sample identification, mixed questionnaire to evaluate the use of the wiki and an inventory of usability of sites called IUSE-18, designed for this study, as instrument for data collection. Three intentional samples participated in the study, the first one composed by 9 teachers from 3 different countries with pedagogical experience over 5 years, who helped to draw up the inventory of usability of sites for chess players, the second intentional sample composed by 130 adults chess players of both genders, who elucidated their reasons to adhere to the online chess, as well as volunteered to evaluate the IXC site, through the IUSE-18 and a third sample, which had 12 students from Lisbon, Portugal, of both genders, who contributed with this research opining about the use of the wiki to teach chess as a pedagogical strategy. Data were descriptively and statistically analyzed, by using Thematic Content Analysis and also the Inter-class Correlation Coefficient, in order to check the consistency of the responses among judges-evaluators and the Kappa Index, which assesses if the responses of the judges evaluators were in accordance, used for both...
Uma contribuição ao estudo do ensino de educação física à distância
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-05-27) Aranha, Amaury José Alves [UNESP]; Mammana, Alaide Pellegrini [UNESP]; Machado, Afonso Antonio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The more general aim of this thesis was organizing in countering important economic issues on private HEIs, including sustainability issues, when projected revenue and profits for various scales of enrollments, with valuation issues and quality of courses. So pursuing the hypothesis that undergraduate courses in Physical Education from a distance, could not get good levels of quality, if the pole-face meetings were not well equipped to practical classes. Thousands of people today are already using internet as a means for acquiring knowledge. Distance learning is very recent and its scope cannot be well established. The evolution of this type of education was only possible due to the advancement of technologies related to internet. This type of education has proven to be very attractive for institutions and people. The perceived expansion of distance graduations is already impacting institutions of higher education but since this is a recent expansion, there needs to be a more complex study and research in all fields related to distance learning. This thesis aimed at researching infrastructure and pedagogical aspects in the distance learning area, and understanding the impact of economical results in higher education institutions that offer undergrad distance learning courses in Physical Education
Efeitos do dano muscular sobre indicadores neuromusculares e de aptidão aeróbia
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-06-04) Assumpção, Claudio de Oliveira [UNESP]; Denadai, Benedito Sergio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The aim of this study was to analyze the protective effect of a downhill running bout on running economy (RE), muscle damage and fatigue markers induced by a long-distance level running bout. Thirty healthy active males aged 23.6 ± 3.9 years, weight 73.8 ± 10.2 kg, height of 174.3 ± 6.8 cm and body mass index 24.2 ± 3.1 kg.m2 took part on the study and were randomically divided into experimental (GEXP) and control (GCON) groups. Their maximal oxygen consumption ( O2max) and lactate threshold (LT) were determined by incremental test until exhaustion. Fatigue indexes (isometric peak torque - IPT), electromyographic signal (root mean square during the IPT - RMSipt), rate of force development (RFD) of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis (knee extensors), biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinous (knee flexors), muscle damage markers (creatine quinase - CK) and RE were assessed before, immediately after and 48 hours after a first long-distance running bout (R1) (60 min at 70% O2max). On the following week, volunteers of the GEXP performed a downhill running bout (30 min at 70% O2max with a -15% slope) to induce muscle damage (MD) with all aforementioned variables being assessed at the same time points of the condition R1. Fourteen days after the downhill running bout a second long-distance run (R2) was performed, repeating the same assessment protocol. The GCON group did not perform the downhill running bout. However, the GCON performed the same procedures of GEXP, 21 days after R1. The variables were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA-F) for repeated measures, with the significance level set as p < 0.05. On the long-distance runs (R1 and R2), significant differences over time (decrease in pre vs. post; increase in post vs. 48 h) for IPT of the knee extensors and knee flexors, and RFD of the knee extensors were found, irrespectively of the run or group. Statistical treatment also showed significant difference for CK activity between...
Influência do exercício prévio pesado na performance aeróbia de curta duração realizada com diferentes estratégias de distribuição da intensidade em indivíduos treinados e não treinados no ciclismo
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-07-29) Caritá, Renato Aparecido Corrêa [UNESP]; Greco, Camila Coelho [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of prior heavy exercise on short-term aerobic performance with different strategies of distribution of the intensity in trained (T) and untrained (UNT) individuals in cycling. In the first laboratory visit, subjects underwent a protocol for the determination of lactate threshold (LT), maximum oxygen consumption ( O2max) and maximal power (Pmax). In the following four occasions the volunteers performed tests with constant load (75%, 80%, 90% and 100%Pmax) until volitional exhaustion in random order to determine the critical power (CP) and anaerobic work capacity (AWC). From the 6th to the 11th visit, in random order, the following experimental sessions were performed: 1) Even start (ES): 120 s of constant workload exercise in P3min followed by a sprint (all out) 60 s; 2) Slow start (SS): 90 s of exercise with initial load of 10% below P3min, increasing linearly until it reaches 110% of P3min, 30 s of constant workload at P3min, followed by an all out sprint of 60 s; 3) Fast start (FS): 90 s of exercise with initial load of 10% above P3min, decreasing linearly to reach 90% of P3min, 30 s of constant workload at P3min, followed by an all out sprint of 60 s. All these conditions were performed with and without a prior heavy exercise. There was significant reduction on mean response time (MRT) at SS (26.2  6.1 s), ES (23.9  7.5 s) and FS (22.4  7.8 s) after prior exercise when compared to the control condition (SS = 33.7  7.3 s; ES = 30.3  8.6 s; FS = 29.2  11 s) (p < 0.05) in the UNT group. There was interaction of the factors strategy and prior exercise only in the T group (p < 0.05). There was effect of pacing when comparing the FS (32.0  5.6 s) and ES (32.1  4.7 s) with FS (26.6  4.0 s) (p < 0.05) during the control condition. There was significant reduction of MRT for the SS (25.9  4.8 s) and ES (24.6  4.7 s) conditions after prior exercise (p < 0.05). With...
Blog para o basquetebol: uma ferramenta no processo ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento dos sistemas táticos
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2014-12-02) Schiavon, Mauro Klebis [UNESP]; Machado, Afonso Antonio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Every day the technological advancement introduces new features and tools more powerful and complete, so that everyday tasks are increasingly agile and quick. These technologies permeate all actions and daily activities and change the social culture, the way to relate to, to learn and teach. Over the past few years, the role of sports technicians outside the teaching-learning process-training has suffered major changes, and, in the last century, technology has achieved a speed never seen and training increasingly comes appropriating new tools to suit the current needs. New technologies brought to the athlete a multitude of opportunities to learn, much more motivating and flexible. The blog can be used by sports technicians to update the context and optimize the training with their athletes. The aim of this study was to build a blog to be used by the technicians, along with their athletes, as a tool in the teaching-learning process-training of tactical systems. We conducted semi-structured interviews with eight sports technicians, specialists in basketball, to know the importance of blog in training and which content they considered ideal to be employed in the process. We conclude that, for this group, the blog is relevant to be used in training and that the individual, group and collective tactic, as well as defense systems, movement on the attack and transition are relevant content for this purpose
Atletismo na educação física escolar: a elaboração colaborativa do software Atletic
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2015-02-20) Gemente, Flórence Rosana Faganello [UNESP]; Matthiesen, Sara Quenzer [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The changes caused by Digital Technologies of Information and Communication (DTIC) present new challenges for Education, which must incorporate these technologies, provide new mediations and pedagogical proposals to meet the changing needs of society. In today's context and the evidence of the lack of teaching materials targeted to athletics and the difficulty that physical education teachers still find to work with that content in their classes, the general objective of this research was to develop, collaboratively, a software with teachers of Physical Education for the process of teaching and learning in school athletics. The specific objective was to analyze the collaborative development process of a software, checking its challenges and contributions in the training of teachers and the work with athletics with the insertion of DTIC in school. The methodology used is qualitative, with action-research elements. The research was developed in two stages that are complementary, the first module of the course of continuing training of teachers, called Athletics Pedagogy, with the participation of 21 teachers of Physical Education from Municipal schools in Goiânia, was conducted using a survey of difficulties and needs of the teachers in the development of the work with athletics in Physical Education classes; studies were conducted, reflections, discussions and experiences directed to athletics, and the software ATLETIC was developed, which addresses the events of the high jump, pole vault, javelin throw, discus throw, hammer throw, and weight throw, according to suggestions, needs, and interests presented by the teachers. The second stage of the research was completion of the second module of the course Athletics Pedagogy, with the participation of 13 teachers who participated in the first stage of the research. At this stage, we deepen the discussion on the entry of DTIC in physical education classes, especially considering the...
Television violence and young adults in Brazil: a content analysis of the popular telenovella, Malhação = Violência na televisão brasileira e jovens : uma análise de conteúdo da telenovela popular, Malahção
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2015-04-13) Campbell, Debra Frances [UNESP]; Machado, Afonso Antônio [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The problem of this study was to examine the prevalence, or salience, of general television violence and sex-related violence on a widely popular Brazilian television program for teenagers, Malhação (Workout, in English), and to determine what types of violence are depicted. The purpose of this investigation, therefore, was first: to identify if and how violent content occurs in a Brazilian television program designed for young viewers, the telenovella, Malhação (Part 1); and secondly, to quantify sex-related violence, particularly forms that involve misogyny, gender stereotypes, and messages and images that reinforce the sexualization of teens (Part 2). The study employed two specific quantitative content analysis protocols to measure frequency and duration of violent content that reflect general and sexrelated violence. We determined types, categories and subcategories, and intensity of violence. Also, we included an analysis of demographic variables (i.e., age, race, and gender) in the program's storylines. For the first part of the study, our results confirmed the existence of a large proportion of scenes with violent content, although this appeared at a level of subtle and, therefore, low intensity. Two types were identified, priming for violence (PRI) and overt violence (VIO). Within our sample, the VIO type dominated the scenes. The highest incidence occurred in the category/subcategory of intrapersonal/psychological violence. Males were more involved in overt violence, and females in psychological violence. Teens appeared predominantly as perpetrators, and less as victims, than did adults. In the second part of the study, our results confirmed a trend towards representations of misogyny, stereotypes, female objectification, and the sexualization of female teens, as well as the acceptance of inappropriate behaviors by institutions (school and family) and the community in ...
Efeitos da vibração, do plano de oscilação e de uma sessão de uso da haste vibratória sobre o controle postural de mulheres idosas
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2015-08-06) Crozara, Luciano Fernandes [UNESP]; Scheicher, Marcos Eduardo [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Because of sensory and motor changes with aging, elderly people show a reduced ability to maintain or restore the balance during standing posture. The mechanical vibration has been identified as an additional or alternative method for training or rehabilitation in different populations, including elderly. There are various devices and protocols for the application of vibration and among them, the vibration produced by the vibratory pole is distinguished by lower frequency of vibration achieved and the pole passive behavior, which vibration is not produced by external force, but by muscle contraction. Although have been reported some positive effects of the use of vibration on strength parameters, power, muscle activation and flexibility of older, yet its effects have not been investigated on postural control of elderly. In addition, there are no studies that investigated the isolated effect (controlled) of a vibratory pole, and there is no scientific recommendations on which pole oscillation plane would be best suited to optimize the stimulus of vibration on postural control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of vibration, oscillation plane and a single session of the vibratory pole use on postural control of elderly women. These study included 32 older women (68 ± 5 years old), physically active, residents of Marilia-SP community. The experimental procedures were performed on a force platform, with sampling frequency of 100 Hz, in four conditions for each type of pole (vibratory or rigid - control): quiet standing posture pre pole use, standing posture with pole oscillating in the anteroposterior (a-p) direction in the transverse plane, standing posture with pole oscillating in the a-p direction in the sagittal plane and quiet standing posture immediately after pole use. Each condition consisted of 3 trials, lasting 30 s each with an interval of 40 s between them. It was given a 20 minutes rest between ...
A articulação do quadril em uma perspectiva preditora da velocidade de marcha em idosas e como foco de intervenção de duas modalidades terapêuticas: Método Pilates e Haste Vibratória
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2015-08-07) Gotardo, Mary Hellen Morcelli [UNESP]; Navega, Marcelo Tavella [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Introduction: Lower muscle strength of hip, knee and ankle has been related to slow gait speed. Thus, the muscle strength is considered a critical musculoskeletal component for functional independence in elderly and to determine which joint of lower limb is the best predictor of gait speed in the elderly is clinically relevant. Moreover, it is important to study if specific muscular strength protocols, such as Pilates and vibratory pole, are effective in the improvement of neuromuscular capabilities of better joint to predict gait speed. Objective: Determine which joint of the lower limb is the best predictor of gait speed in elderly, to determine thresholds of strength for normal gait speed and investigate whether the Pilates and vibratory pole training improve the torque an power muscle, rate of torque development and neuromuscle activation of better joint to predict gait speed in the elderly, besides evaluating the influence of both training on the kinematics of the gait in older women. Methods: Aged 60-85 years participated in this study. It was initially performed the assessment of muscle strength the three joints of the lower limb (hip, knee and ankle) in the sagital plane in a isokinetic dynamometer synchronized with electromyography of the lower limbs. Moreover, the kinematics gait parameters on treadmill were determined using a seven-camera system. After the initial assessment, older women were divided into two groups, and each group has undergone specific training for 8 weeks. The training were: Pilates (n=19) and vibratory pole (n=18). After the 8-week of training the older women were reassessed. The effect of training was observed for the following biomechanical variables: rate of torque development, torque and muscle power of the hip flexion and hip extension, activation of the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, internal oblique and multifidus. With respect to kinematic analysis it was observed the ...

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