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(A)symmetry during gait initiation in people with Parkinson’s disease: A motor and cortical activity exploratory study
(2023-01-01) Faria, Murilo Henrique [UNESP]; Simieli, Lucas [UNESP]; Rietdyk, Shirley; Penedo, Tiago [UNESP]; Santinelli, Felipe Balistieri [UNESP]; Barbieri, Fabio Augusto [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Purdue University; Hasselt University
Background: Gait asymmetry and deficits in gait initiation (GI) are among the most disabling symptoms in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). Understanding if PwPD with reduced asymmetry during GI have higher asymmetry in cortical activity may provide support for an adaptive mechanism to improve GI, particularly in the presence of an obstacle. Objective: This study quantified the asymmetry of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs), stepping parameters and cortical activity during GI, and tested if the presence of an obstacle regulates asymmetry in PwPD. Methods: Sixteen PwPD and 16 control group (CG) performed 20-trials in two conditions: unobstructed and obstructed GI with right and left limbs. We measured, through symmetry index, (i) motor parameters: APAs and stepping, and (ii) cortical activity: the PSD of the frontal, sensorimotor and occipital areas during APA, STEP-I (moment of heel-off of the leading foot in the GI until the heel contact of the same foot); and STEP-II (moment of the heel-off of the trailing foot in the GI until the heel contact of the same foot) phases. Results: Parkinson’s disease showed higher asymmetry in cortical activity during APA, STEP-I and STEP-II phases and step velocity (STEP-II phase) during unobstructed GI than CG. However, unexpectedly, PwPD reduced the level of asymmetry of anterior–posterior displacement (p < 0.01) and medial-lateral velocity (p < 0.05) of the APAs. Also, when an obstacle was in place, PwPD showed higher APAs asymmetry (medial-lateral velocity: p < 0.002), with reduced and increased asymmetry of the cortical activity during APA and STEP-I phases, respectively. Conclusion: Parkinson’s disease were not motor asymmetric during GI, indicating that higher cortical activity asymmetry can be interpreted as an adaptive behavior to reduce motor asymmetry. In addition, the presence of obstacle did not regulate motor asymmetry during GI in PwPD.
A abordagem tática como orientadora do processo de treino no futebol
(2011) Talamoni, Guilherme Augusto; Thiengo, Carlos Rogério; Silva, Roberto N. B. da; Ferreira, Lílian Aparecida [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Academia da praça de esporte: suporte na promoção do bem-estar físico – Ações 2015
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2015-09-18) Nasr, Valter George Pigozzi [UNESP]; Simionato, Astor Reis [UNESP]; Siqueira, Leandro Oliveira da Cruz [UNESP]; Sancassani, Andrei [UNESP]; Barreto, André Nogueira [UNESP]; Pessoa Filho, Dalton Müller [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The activities of this social project aimed to analyze the relationship between the ideal body weight (PCIdeal) and the actual body weight (PCAtual) with maximum strength performance in one repetition to maximum test (1RM), as well as analyzing the validity of the modified and original Bryzcki’s equations to the estimation of force observed 1RM test among male students. Thus, 17 men were examined (24.1 ± 4.5 years, 176 ± 7.6 cm in height, and 77.8 ± 10.7 kg of body weight) and the maximum force through the test of 1RM in the bench-press exercises (SR) and leg-press 45º (LP45º). The 1RM test consisted of three series of determination and confirmation sets at 95, 100 and 105% 1RM applied randomly in 24 and 48 hours after 1RM. The PCAtual was determined by digital scales (TANITA) and PCIdeal was calculated by applying the bone diameters and height in the equation: Minimum Body Mass = (D/33.5)2 x 0.111 x M, where H (height, dm) and D (sum of 08 bone diameters: biacromial, chest, biiliac, bitrocantérico, knees, ankles, elbows, and wrists). The 1RM prediction equations were: LP45º: [1RM = (1.09703 × 5RM) + 14.2546], SR: [1 RM = (1, 1 307 × 5RM) + 0.6998)] and LP45º and SR: {1RM = (5RM ÷ [1.0278 - (0.0278 × N reps)]}. The validity was analyzed by the standard error of estimate (SEE) and the variance coefficient of determination (R2 ) Differences between PCAtual and. PCIdeal were analyzed by Student's T-test for independent data, as well as, the differences between 1RM in SR and LP45º. Correlations between PCAtual and PCIdeal with 1RM in SR and LP45º exercises were analyzed by Pearson’s coefficient (r). Both analyzes were performed using SPSS 18.0. The level of significance was set at  ≤ 0.05. The force values by 1RM test were 79.5 ± 15.9 kg for SR and 301.5 ± 66.4 kg for LP45º. The PCAtual (77.8 ± 10.7 kg) and the PCIdeal (59.7 ± 6.4 kg) differed each other ( < 0.01), correlating only to the LP45º 1RM (r = 0, 69,  = 0.002; and r = 0.72,  = 0.001, respectively). After the confirmatory tests, observed values of force in the 1RM test for SR and LP45º did not differ from the values of force for the estimative of 1RM from 5RM by modified equations (SR = 79.3 ± 15.7 kg and LP45º = 311.5 ± 66.3 kg,  = 0.97 and 0.81, respectively), and original (SR = 78.2 ± 15 6 kg, and LP45º = 304.8 ± 68.0 kg,  = 0.53 and 0.73, respectively). The absence of differences associated with low SEE and high explanatory coefficient (R2 ) in SR (SEE: 2.77 kg and R2 = 0.972) and LP45º (SEE: 9.82 kg and R2 = 0.979), confirm the validity of the two equations in predicting maximum strength between academics, as well as, the positive influence of body size and shape on the strength performance.
Ações de Educação Física na saúde coletiva brasileira: expectativas versus evidências
(2012) Bonfim, Mariana Rotta [UNESP]; Costa, José Luiz Riani [UNESP]; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Considering the recent guidelines of the National Politics for Health Promotion (NPHP-2006) and for the constitution of the Support Center for Family Health (2008), the aim of this study was to group and analyze the experience reports of physical activity programs on Brazilian public health. The survey was performed in ten periodic, fi ve international and fi ve national, by analyzing all the numbers published from June 2006 to June 2011. For selection, the articles needed to present information about ongoing physical activity programs with government health agencies links. It was extracted from the text necessary information to identify which program contemplated the actions assumed for body practices/physical activities in PNPS, such as the public served, off ered activities, governmental partnership/intersectoral, and others. Ten diff erent programs of physical activities were identifi ed, and seven of them adequately use the actions of advisory and propagation of physical activity. Regarding to intervention activities, gymnastics classes and walking predominate, focusing on chronic diseases. There was great diversity of evaluative instruments, which limited the evaluation of program eff ectiveness. These reports indicate that most programs does not contemplates the NPHP principles, which indicates the need for adequacy of programs already in place, as well as the creation of programs that are in agreement with these guidelines. The publication of program experiences with this profi le may contribute to this process, and the partner establishment with public universities may be an interesting strategy.
ACUTE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ORDERS OF CONCURRENT TRAINING ON GLYCEMIA
(Univ Federal Uberlandia, 2021-01-01) Silva Junior, Osvaldo Tadeu da [UNESP]; Nascimento, Gustavo Marinho do; Silva Nishioka, Giovane Henrique da; Batista, Anderson Polesel; Curiacos, Jose Alexandre; Dos Santos, Julio Wilson [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Univ Ctr Auxilium Unisalesiano
The present study verified the effect of a concurrent training (CT) session in different orders, Strength + Endurance (SE) and Endurance + Strength (ES), on the glycemic control. The crossover study included 20 young men, 21.80 +/- 2.90 years, IMC >= 23 kg/m(2), 24.83 +/- 3.68% of fat, who performed both CT sessions separated by 72 h. Capillary glycemia was measured at pre, immediately post the end of each exercise session, and during the recovery period at 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The comparisons were performed using Two-way ANOVA (order and time), paired test-t for the area under the curve, as well as Cohen's d effect size. There was effect of exercise order (F = 5.973; p = 0.03), effect of time (F = 18.345; p = 0.001) and interaction between order and time (F = 2.835; p = 0.03). The area under the curve presented a significant reduction (p = 0.03, effect size = 0.51, moderate). The area under the curve was smaller in SE, as well as glucose concentrations at end and post 30 min of exercise, suggesting better efficiency in glycemic control compared to ES.
Acute Effects of Heated Water Based Exercise on Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability in Long Term Treated Elderly Hypertensive Patients
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2017-05-01) Ngomane, Awassi Yuphiwa [UNESP]; Fernandes, Bianca [UNESP]; Balbo, Julia Lara [UNESP]; Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Acute Effects of Warm-Up, Exercise and Recovery-Related Strategies on Assessments of Soccer Kicking Performance: A Critical and Systematic Review
(2021-04-01) Palucci Vieira, Luiz H. [UNESP]; Santinelli, Felipe B. [UNESP]; Carling, Christopher; Kellis, Eleftherios; Santiago, Paulo R. P.; Barbieri, Fabio A. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); French Football Federation; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Background: A number of reviews have collated information on the impact of warming-up, physical exertion and recovery strategies on physical, subjective and physiological markers in soccer players yet none have solely analyzed their potential effects on components of kicking performance. Objective: To systematically analyse the influence of warm-up, exercise and/or recovery-related strategies on kicking performance in male soccer players and provide a critical appraisal on research paradigm related to kicking testing constraints and data acquisition methods. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed (until July 2020) in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and ProQuest. Studies in male soccer populations, which included the effects of warm-up routines, physical exercise and/or recovery-related interventions, reported on comparisons pre–post or between experimental conditions and that computed at least one measure of kicking kinematics and/or performance were considered. Methodological quality and risk of bias were determined for the included studies. Constraints related to kicking testing and data acquisition methods were also summarized and discussed. Results: Altogether, 52 studies were included. Of these, 10 examined the respective effects of a warm-up, 34 physical exercise, and 21 recovery-related strategies. The results of eight studies showed that lower limb kinematics, kicking accuracy or ball velocity were improved following warm-ups involving dynamic but not static stretching. Declines in ball velocity occurred notably following intermittent endurance or graded until exhaustion exercise (three studies in both cases) without inclusion of any ball skills. In contrast, conflicting evidence in five studies was observed regarding ball velocity following intermittent endurance exercise interspersed with execution of ball skills. Kicking accuracy was less frequently affected by physical exercise (remained stable across 14 of 19 studies). One investigation indicated that consumption of a carbohydrate beverage pre- and mid-exercise demonstrated benefits in counteracting the potentially deleterious consequences of exercise on ball velocity, while four studies reported conflicting results regarding kicking accuracy. Most evidence synthesized for the interventions demonstrated moderate level (77%) and unclear-to-high risk of bias in at least one item evaluated (98%). The main limitations identified across studies were kicks generally performed over short distances (50%), in the absence of opposition (96%), and following experimental instructions which did not concomitantly consider velocity and accuracy (62%). Also, notational-based metrics were predominantly used to obtain accuracy outcomes (54%). Conclusions: The results from this review can help inform future research and practical interventions in an attempt to measure and optimise soccer kicking performance. However, given the risk of bias and a relative lack of strong evidence, caution is required when applying some of the current findings in practice. PROSPERO ID: CRD42018096942.
Acute physical exercise and hypertension in the elderly: A systematic review
(2020-07-01) Reia, Thaís Amanda [UNESP]; da Silva, Roberta Fernanda [UNESP]; Jacomini, André Mourão [UNESP]; Moreno, Ana Maria Guilmo; da Silva, Anderson Bernardino [UNESP]; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Zago, Anderson Saranz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
As the population ages, health conditions, including hypertension (HT), which is one of the most prevalent diseases in the elderly population, increase. Regular physical exercise has been recommended for hypertensive individuals; however, due to the variety of factors involved in exercise, different acute responses can be achie-ved. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the acute effect of physical exercise on blood pressure (BP) in elderly hypertensive patients and of its applicability to the treatment of HT. The search was performed in electronic databases available at Pubmed/Medline, Scopus and Bireme from 2008 to 2018, using the terms “acute physical exercise and hypertension and elderly”. A total of 592 articles were found, and after applying the inclusion criteria, 9 articles were selected to form the analysis. All studies evaluated the acute effect of the exercise session and the acute effect of the session after a training period in male and female hypertensive individuals aged 60 years or over. The results indicate that in spite of the heterogeneity of training methods, all intervention protocols used in these studies were effective in promoting BP reduction post exercise when compared to the control group. However, there is still a gap in the reviewed literature regarding the maintenance time of post exercise hypotension (PEH) in the elderly. This information could suggest how long individuals undergoing physical exercise would be “protected” from high blood pressure values and their health risks, and help plan physical exercise sessions at the precise time the hypotensive effect ceases to be present. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies-Investigation of treatment results.
The adaptive compensations in endocrine pancreas from glucocorticoid-treated rats are reversible after the interruption of treatment
(Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc, 2010-11-01) Rafacho, A. [UNESP]; Quallio, S.; Ribeiro, D. L. [UNESP]; Taboga, S. R. [UNESP]; Paula, F. M. M.; Boschero, A. C.; Bosqueiro, José Roberto [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Aim:Glucocorticoid administration induces insulin resistance (IR) and enhances islet mass and insulin secretion in rodents and humans. Here, we analysed whether these effects are still present after the interruption of dexamethasone treatment.Methods:Adult Wistar rats were distributed into CTL (daily injection of saline for five consecutive days), DEX (daily injection of 1 mg kg-1 body wt of dexamethasone for five consecutive days) and DEX(10) (5 days of dexamethasone treatment, followed by a period of 10 days without dexamethasone).Results:In vivo experiments indicated that the marked hyperinsulinemia found in DEX rats during fasting and fed states was normalized in the DEX(10) group. Furthermore, the IR and glucose intolerance observed in DEX were restored in DEX(10) rats. Islets from DEX rats secreted more insulin in response to increasing concentrations of glucose and other metabolic and non-metabolic stimuli, compared with that in the CTL group. The insulin secretion for the most compounds studied returned to CTL values in DEX(10) islets. Increased insulin secretion correlated well with the augmentation in beta-cell proliferation and mass in DEX rats, and these morphological alterations were normalized in islets from DEX(10) rats. In parallel, the increased levels of proteins involved in beta-cell proliferation such as Cd2 and Cdk4 observed in DEX islets were also normalized in DEX(10) islets.Conclusion:These data strongly support the view that almost all the morphophysiological alterations induced by dexamethasone in the endocrine pancreas are reverted after discontinuation of the treatment. This information is important, considering the frequent use of glucocorticoids in humans.
Adaptive Visual Re-Weighting in Children's Postural Control
(Public Library Science, 2013-12-04) Polastri, Paula Fávaro [UNESP]; Barela, Jose A. [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Cruzeiro do Sul Univ
This study investigated how children's postural control adapts to changes in the visual environment and whether they use previous experience to adjust postural responses to following expositions. Four-, eight-, and twelve-year-old children (10 in each group) and 10 young adults stood upright inside of a moving room during eight trials each lasting one-minute. In the first trial, the room was stationary. In the following seven trials, the room oscillated at 0.2 Hz, amplitude of 0.5 cm, with the exception of the fifth trial, in which the room oscillated with amplitude of 3.2 cm. Body sway responses of young adults and older children down-weighted more to the increased visual stimulus amplitude when compared to younger children. In addition, four- and eight-year-old children quickly up-weighted body responses to visual stimulus in the subsequent two trials after the high amplitude trial. Sway variability decreased with age and was greatest during the high-amplitude trial. These results indicate that four year olds have already developed the adaptive capability to quickly down-weight visual influences. However, the increased gain values and residual variability observed for the younger children suggest that they have not fully calibrated their adaptive response to that of the young adults tested. Moreover, younger children do not carry over their previous experience from the sensorial environment to adapt to future changes.
Adiposidade corporal e atividade física em diabéticos tipo 2 com e sem hipertensão arterial
(2010) Codogno, Jamile Sanches; Fernandes, Romulo Araújo; Freitas Júnior, Ismael Forte; Amaral, Sandra Lia do; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The purpose of this study was to compare hemodynamic variables, physical activity and body composition between type 2 diabetics (T2DM) and type 2 diabetic and hypertensive ones (T2DM+AH), as well to analyze risk factors in both groups. Cross-sectional study, which analyzed 121 type 2 diabetic attended by two health care units from Bauru, Sao Paulo. Diabetics were divided into two groups: T2DM (n= 24) and T2DM+AH (n= 97). Domains of physical activity have been assessed by Baecke’s questionnaire. Blood pressure values, fasting glucose, body fatness, body mass index, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio have been assessed. T2DM+AH group presented higher values for body mass index (p= 0.001), waist circumference (p= 0.022), body fat percentage by bioelectrical impedance (p= 0.001) and fasting glucose (p= 0.029). Blood pressure was related to body composition indicators mainly in the T2DM+AH group. There was no diff erence in indicators of habitual physical activity. T2DM+AH subjects presented higher body fatness and fasting glucose than T2DM subjects. Moreover, in diabetic subjects the body composition seems to be determinant in the increase of blood pressure.
Adventure race's injuries
(Elsevier France-editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2009-02-01) dos Santos, G.; Pastre, C. Marcelo [UNESP]; Amaral, Sandra Lia do [UNESP]; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Objective. - To describe the distribution of frequency of the injuries during adventure competition.Material and methods. - Fifty-five participants who underwent to the second stage of the Caloi Adventure Camp competition answered to a questionnaire about their personal characteristics, training status and injuries.Results. - The age of the athletes was 32 +/- 10 years old and the body mass index (BMI) 23.3 +/- 2.2 kg/m(2). The most frequent injuries occurred during trekking (61%), followed by mountain bike (24%). Abrasions (36.7%) and cuts (24.5%) were the most frequent injuries mentioned. Tissue level lesions occurred in 61.2% of the episodes. The most frequent injuries were contusions (16.3%) at muscular level, and sprain (6.1%) and fracture (6.1%) at osteoarticular system. Related to the body structure, the lower limb was the most affected (49%), mainly ankle (14.3%) and knee (12.2%). In the upper limb (30.6%), arm and forearm were more affected with cuts and abrasions. Neck and trunk were responsible for 20.4% of the injuries. Cramps (31%) and tendinitis (11%) were also mentioned.Conclusion. - The data suggest that it is necessary to create one training approach including prevention and logistics for participants rescue and rapid attendance during the tournament. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
Adverse effects of anxiety on attentional control differ as a function of experience: A simulated driving study
(Elsevier B.V., 2019-01-01) Gotardi, Gisele C. [UNESP]; Polastri, Paula F. [UNESP]; Schor, Paulo; Oudejans, Raoul R. D.; van der Kamp, John; Savelsbergh, Geert J. P.; Navarro, Martina; Rodrigues, Sergio T. [UNESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Vrije Univ Amsterdam; Amsterdam Univ Appl Sci Amsterdam; Manchester Metropolitan Univ; Univ Portsmouth
This study tested whether adverse effects of state anxiety on attention and performance may be modulated by experience. Sixteen experienced and eleven inexperienced drivers drove in a simulator under low- and high-stress conditions. Anxiety was manipulated by competition, the presence of an evaluator, external video camera, and traffic noise. Most drivers showed greater anxiety scores and higher mean heart rates following manipulation. In both groups increased state anxiety decreased car speed control and caused more collisions, accompanied by fewer fixations of longer duration towards the driving lane across a horizontally narrower region. Inexperienced drivers increased the number of short fixations towards cars, while experienced drivers increased the number of short fixations on the speedometer. Although anxiety impairs processing efficiency and performance effectiveness for both groups, attentional changes differ as a function of experience. Inexperienced drivers tended to shift attention to threatening stimuli, while experienced drives were more likely to consciously monitor task goal.
Aerobic training corrects alterations in cardiac structure induced by age and hypertension
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005-06-01) Oliveira, R.; Caffaro, R.; Oliveira, E.; Amaral, Sandra Lia do [UNESP]; Michelini, L.; Lahera, V; Rossoni, L. V.; UCM; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Aerobic training improves cardiovascular hemodynamic and structural alterations present in old SHR
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005-06-01) Caffaro, R.; Oliveira, R.; Amaral, Sandra Lia do [UNESP]; Baldo, M.; Michelini, L.; Lahera, V; Rossoni, L. V.; UCM; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Aerobic Training Prevents Dexamethasone-Induced Peripheral Insulin Resistance
(Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2014-06-01) Dionisio, T. J.; Louzada, J. C. A. [UNESP]; Viscelli, B. A. [UNESP]; Dionisio, E. J. [UNESP]; Martuscelli, A. M. [UNESP]; Barel, M. [UNESP]; Perez, O. A. B. [UNESP]; Bosqueiro, José Roberto [UNESP]; Brozoski, D. T.; Santos, C. F.; Amaral, Sandra Lia do [UNESP]; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This study investigated how proteins of the insulin signaling cascade could modulate insulin resistance after dexamethasone (Dexa) treatment and aerobic training. Rats were distributed into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary + Dexa (SD), trained control (TC), and trained + Dexa (TD), and underwent aerobic training for 70 days or remained sedentary. Dexa was administered during the last 10 days (1 mg center dot kg(-1) per day i.p.). After 70 days, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (ipGTT) was performed. Protein levels of IRS-1, AKT, and PKC-alpha in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were identified using Western blots. Dexa treatment increased blood glucose and the area under the curve (AUC) of ipGTT. Training attenuated the hyperglycemia and the AUC induced by Dexa. Dexa reduced IRS-1 (-16 %) and AKT (-43 %) protein level with no changes in PKC-a levels. Moreover, these effects on IRS-1 and AKT protein level were prevented in trained animals. These results show for the first time that aerobic exercise prevented reductions of IRS-1 and AKT level induced by Dexa in the TA muscle, suggesting that aerobic exercise is a good strategy to prevent Dexa-induced peripheral insulin resistance.
Aerobic training reduces blood pressure and waist circumference and increases HDL-c in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
(Elsevier B.V., 2018-08-01) Lemes, Italo Ribeiro [UNESP]; Turi-Lynch, Bruna Camilo [UNESP]; Cavero-Redondo, Ivan; Linares, Stephanie Nogueira; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Univ Castilla La Mancha; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of aerobic training (AT) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) outcomes. The Medline, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, The Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases were searched from inception to May 2017. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and assessed their quality and data. The pooled mean differences between intervention groups and the control group were calculated using a random-effect model. Only randomized controlled trials that compared the effect of AT on MetS with a control group were included. Seventeen published studies were included in the meta-analysis. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced (-5.11 mmHg [95% confidence interval [CI] -7.36, -2.85] and -2.97 mmHg [-4.99, -0.94], respectively), following AT. There was also a significant reduction in waist circumference (-2.18 cm [-95% CI -3.75, 0.62]) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95% CI 3.15 mg/dL [-5.30, -1.01]). The pooled effect showed a reduction of 7.64 mg/dL [95% CI -17.65, 2.37] in triglycerides and 1.36 mg/dL [95% CI -4.11, -1.40] in fasting glucose. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides an overview of the evidence supporting AT as an effective approach to reduce blood pressure levels and waist circumference and increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. These changes may help to reduce the risk of stroke mortality and mortality from heart disease in people with MetS. (C) 2018 American Heart Association. All rights reserved.
Age Affects Exercise-Induced Improvements in Heart Rate Response to Exercise
(2013-10-16) Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes [UNESP]; Roberts, C. K.; Rodrigues da Silva, J. M.; Guimarães, G. V.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of age on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength and heart rate (HR) response to exercise adaptation in women in response to a long-term twice-weekly combined aerobic and resistance exercise program. 85 sedentary women, divided into young (YG; n=22, 30.3±6.2 years), early middle-aged (EMG; n=28, 44.1±2.5 years), late middle-aged (LMG; n=20, 56.7±3.5 years) and older (OG; n=15, 71.4±6.9 years) groups, had their CRF, muscle strength (1-repetition maximum test) and HR response to exercise (graded exercise test) measured before and after 12 months of combined exercise training. Exercise training improved CRF and muscle strength in all age groups (P<0.05), and no significant differences were observed between groups. Exercise training also improved resting HR and recovery HR in YG and EMG (P<0.05), but not in LMG and OG. Maximal HR did not change in any group. Combined aerobic and resistance training at a frequency of 2 days/week improves CRF and muscle strength throughout the lifespan. However, exercise-induced improvements in the HR recovery response to exercise may be impaired in late middle-aged and older women. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG.
Age-specific modulation of intermuscular beta coherence during gait before and after experimentally induced fatigue
(2020-12-01) dos Santos, Paulo Cezar Rocha [UNESP]; Lamoth, Claudine J. C.; Barbieri, Fabio Augusto [UNESP]; Zijdewind, Inge; Gobbi, Lilian Teresa Bucken [UNESP]; Hortobágyi, Tibor; University of Groningen; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); University Medical Center Groningen
We examined the effects of age on intermuscular beta-band (15–35 Hz) coherence during treadmill walking before and after experimentally induced fatigue. Older (n = 12) and younger (n = 12) adults walked on a treadmill at 1.2 m/s for 3 min before and after repetitive sit-to-stand, rSTS, to induce muscle fatigability. We measured stride outcomes and coherence from 100 steps in the dominant leg for the synergistic (biceps femoris (BF)-semitendinosus, rectus femoris (RF)-vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius lateralis (GL)-Soleus (SL), tibialis anterior (TA)-peroneus longus (PL)) and for the antagonistic (RF-BF and TA-GL) muscle pairs at late swing and early stance. Older vs. younger adults had 43–62% lower GL-SL, RF-VL coherence in swing and TA-PL and RF-VL coherence in stance. After rSTS, RF-BF coherence in late swing decreased by ~ 20% and TA-PL increased by 16% independent of age (p = 0.02). Also, GL-SL coherence decreased by ~ 23% and increased by ~ 23% in younger and older, respectively. Age affects the oscillatory coupling between synergistic muscle pairs, delivered presumably via corticospinal tracts, during treadmill walking. Muscle fatigability elicits age-specific changes in the common fluctuations in muscle activity, which could be interpreted as a compensation for muscle fatigability to maintain gait performance.
The agreement between physical activity time reported by the IPAQ and accelerometer in postmenopausal women
(2015-01-01) Rosa, Clara Suemi Costa [UNESP]; Rossi, Fabrício Eduardo [UNESP]; Buonani, Camila [UNESP]; Fernandes, Rômulo Araújo [UNESP]; Monteiro, Henrique Luiz [UNESP]; Junior Freitas, Ismael Forte [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The objective of this study was to assess, in a sample composed by postmenopausal women, the agree-ment between physical activity time reported by short version of the IPAQ and measured by accelerom-eter in different intensities. The participants consisted of postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years (N = 60, mean age 61.5±7.5 years). They completed the IPAQ (short version) and then wore an accelerom-eter for one week. Statistical analysis was composed by the Kappa index, McNemar's test, specificity and sensitivity, Spearman's rank correlation and the Wilcoxon test. The amount of time spent in moderate and vigorous physical activity had weak correlation (r=-0.04-0.28) between accelerometer and IPAQ. IPAQ overestimated the minutes spent in moderate and vigorous intensities and underestimated the time spent in light activities. There was not significant agreement between instruments (kappa index= 0.151±0.111; p= 0.185; sensibility, 46% and specificity, 28%). There was a significant inconsistence for the time of physical activity reported by IPAQ.

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