Artigos - Planejamento Territorial e Geoprocessamento - IGCE

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Adsorção de Cd2+, Ni2+ e Zn2+ em soluções aquosas usando anidrita e lama vermelha
(2017-07-01) da Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini [UNESP]; Pichinelli, Beatriz Cestaro [UNESP]; da Silva, Mariana Scicia Gabrial [UNESP]; Antunes, Maria Lúcia Pereira [UNESP]; Lopes, Mayara Sakamoto [UNESP]; Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Various minerals and industrial waste have been studied for use as an adsorbent, in particular the anhydrite and the red mud. The red mud is an insoluble residue that is generated in large quantities during the processing of bauxite. The anhydrite is a calcium sulfate (CaSO4), crystallized as a rhombic way, and used as raw material in the industry. In this study, the Cd2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+adsorption capacity by anhydrite and by red mud was evaluated using adsorption isotherms obtained by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The materials used showed adsorption ≥75±1% for all metals in aqueous solutions with a concentration of 0.5 mmol.25 mL-1. The Langmuir isotherm was more appropriate to describe the phenomenon of Cd2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ removal, with highest adsorption capacity at 0.47 and 0.51 mmol.g-1 for Cd2+, 1.18 and 1.56 mmol.g-1 for Ni2+, and 0.84 and 1.47 mmol.g-1 for Zn2+, respectively. These values were higher than those ones obtained for other materials described in previous studies.
Aedes aegypti proliferation in stormwater retained in Best Management Practices
(2014) Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Barbassa, Ademir Pacelli; Corrêa, Thaís Helena Prado; Rojas Gutierrez, Lorena Avelina; Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
The present study aimed to evaluate the risk of Aedes aegypti proliferation in structures used in compensatory techniques for urban drainage (Best Management PracticesBMPs). These drainage structures are utilised to reduce flood peaks due to surface runoff, and they have been used in many countries. However, many of these structures have been designed to keep water surfaces exposed for a certain period of time, depending on the type of project. Exposed water surfaces may become an ideal environment for A. aegypti proliferation in tropical and subtropical areas where the rainy season occurs during the summer. Thus, data regarding the mosquito life cycle, consecutive rainfall pattern and emptying time of these structures were collected. A comparison of these data led to the evaluation of the associated risk of A. aegypti proliferation in BMP structures. The risk of mosquito proliferation ranged from 1.1% to 3.3%, depending on the rainfall pattern, A. aegypti life cycle phase and BMP activity.
Algae harvesting: Application of natural coagulants
(2022-01-01) Speranza, Lais Galileu [UNESP]; Silva, Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro [UNESP]; Neto, Ana Maria Pereira; Tiburcio, Rodolfo Sbrolini; Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Associação Oceano Verde (GreenCoLab); Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)
Microalgae are separated and harvested using natural-based coagulants (NBC). Microalgae are grown to provide bioproducts that may be utilized in the tertiary phase after anaerobic digestion at the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation are the most often used processes for harvesting algal biomass and recovering organic and inorganic components from it. The choice of coagulant is critical because it affects both separation performance and biomass harvesting. On the one hand, inorganic coagulants (such as aluminum-based coagulants) are frequently used and can improve the catalyst process during thermochemical conversion; they are toxic (depending on their subsequent use, such as fertilizers), non-biodegradable, and can increase the biomass ash content, thereby decreasing its heating value. It has therefore been suggested as an alternative to using inorganic coagulants, such as NBC. Other auto-flocculant microalgae like Moringa oleifera seeds and chitosan are examples of the many different kinds of coagulants that have been developed. As a consequence, the chapter discussed the characteristics and uses of natural coagulants, as well as the potential drawbacks of their future use. Additionally, coagulation techniques have been explored, as well as their effects on the characteristics of biomass and their use as fertilizers or energy sources.
Alterações hidrogeomorfológicas devido à dinâmica de uso da terra na Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Santa Gertrudes (SP)
(2012-12-01) Paschoal, Letícia Giuliana [UNESP]; Da Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini [UNESP]; Da Cunha, Cenira Maria Lupinacci [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Agricultural and mining activities are directly related to changes in natural landscapes. From the perspective of anthropogenic geomorphology supported by general systems theory, this research has developed, in order to identify and analyze changes in the land use, mainly from agriculture and the exploitation of clay, and its implications in the hydro-geomorphological characteristics in the Santa Gertrudes Stream watershed (SP). This area is within the context of the Ceramic Pole Santa Gertrudes (SP), which besides its importance as a supplier of raw material, is characterized as the largest center of international reference in ceramic tiles on the American continent. For this purpose, we made land use and geomorphology maps of two scenarios, corresponding to the years 1962 and 2006, which allowed the identification of changes caused by human activities on the landforms of the area, such as the increase in area of parcels intended for mining activity, which went from 3.1% to occupy 19% of the catchment area of the respective period and that, among other changes, gave rise to new forms of relief as, for example, in levels of pit mining abrupt and smooth. The results indicate that the main features of representative of human changes in relief are represented for opening of large clay mining pits and agricultural activities, which intensified the denudation and sedimentation processes in the Santa Gertrudes Stream watershed.
An alternative to updating topographic maps using SPOT images
(2000-01-01) De Freitas, Maria Isabel Castreghini [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Brazil has serious problems in systematic mapping and cartographic updating. Only 13% of the country is mapped in scale 1:50,000 and most of these maps are from approximately 30 years ago. Usually, professionals such as planners, engineers and geographers need updated documents to develop their work in regional scale. Sometimes they need to elaborate maps by themselves, using basic knowledge in Cartography and Remote Sensing applied through alternative methodologies. The main aim of this paper is to updating a 1:50,000 topographic map using SPOT-HRV panchromatic and multispectral images through a low cost methodology. The area of study corresponds to the topographic map from the region of Rio Claro, State of São Paulo, Brazil, produced by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) in the 1:50,000 scale. The software utilized were AutoCAD R.12 and Idrisi for Windows. The methodology includes application of Digital Image Enhancement through HSI transformation in the SPOT multispectral and panchromatic images as well as techniques of visual interpretation through the GIS Idrisi. The SPOT images were registered using control points selected from topographic maps in 10,000 scale, from IGC (Geographic and Cartographic Institute) from the State of São Paulo. A preliminary verification of the updated information content was made using aerial photographs in scale 1:25,000. After that, seven fieldwork's were performed to solve doubts of the final interpretation. The comparison of the informative content performed showed the image potential to updating tasks, especially concerning to roads, watercourses and railways. Some difficulties appeared in the interpretation of the energy transmission lines, mainly due to the discontinuities in the visualization of the high-tension protection zone. The analysis of the image registration precision presented approximately the RMS equal to 34.96 m for the studied image composition, compatible with the research expectancy. The interpretation of aerial photographs and field verifying solved doubts in the updating process and had an important contribution to the final updated map. The results concerning information content highlight this alternative to updating topographic maps with low cost through an alternative methodology.
Análise da transformação do uso da terra, vegetação e impactos ambientais por meio de sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento
(2005-12-01) Ortiz, Jonas Luís; Freitas, Maria Isabel Castreghini de [UNESP]; Floresteca Agroflorostal Ltda.; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The mapping of the land use, vegetation and environmental impacts using remote sensing and geoprocessing allows detection, spatial representation and quantifying all alterations due to the human action in the nature, contributing to the monitoring and planning of those activities that cause damages to the environment. The aim of this research is analyze the transformation ocurred with the land use and vegetation in order to detect environmental impacts during the period from 1962 to 1995, considering a test area in the district of Assistência and surroundings, in the Rio Claro (SP) region. In order to archieve such aim the authors used boolean operations available in the Geographical Information System (GIS) - Idrisi. The maps were obtained through the ordinary (conventional) interpretation of aerial photos, later digitized in the software CAD Overlay and georeferenced in AutoCAD Map. It's observed that operations such as crossing digitized maps of one specific area in two differents dates, using GIS, produce overall results that might point out expansion or retraction's trends of the mapped classes, as well as quantify the intensity of the phenomena.
Análise dos atributos físico-ambientais do município de Praia Grande-SP
(Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Geografia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia, 2012-08-01) Souza, Tissiana Almeida; Cunha, Cenira Maria Lupinacci [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
As regiões litorâneas caracterizam-se como sistemas ambientais complexos e de delicado equilíbrio, em razão da interação entre o ambiente terrestre e o marinho. O município de Praia Grande apresenta características físico-ambientais diferenciadas em razão da presença da Serra do Mar e da Planície Quaternária. Estes dois sistemas, apesar de bastante distintos em suas singularidades, estão interligados através dos processos de circulação de matéria e energia. Com base na Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os atributos físico-ambientais do município de Praia Grande, a fim de avaliar quais áreas do município estão mais vulneráveis aos impactos provocados pela ação humana. Os dados para tal análise foram obtidos através da interpretação de dados morfométricos, geológicos, pedológicos, geomorfológicos e de uso da terra, organizados na forma de cartas elaboradas em escala 1:50.000.
Análise dos parâmetros morfométricos da bacia do Rio Preto, Serra do Espinhaço (Minas Gerais, Brasil)
(2011-05-18) Lima, Camila de Sousa; Corrêa, Antonio Carlos de Barros; Nascimento, Nádia Regina do [UNESP]; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE); Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The Rio Preto Hydrographic Basin (RPHB) is located in the North-central portion of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 30 km ENE of the city of Diamantina. The sources of the stream of that name are found in the Rio Preto State Park, which has an area of 10,755 hectares. The total area, perimeter, extension, and axial length of the RPHB, as well as other morphometric characteristics, with emphasis on shape indexes, were obtained with the help of the ArcGis 9.2 program. The cartographic data were taken from digitalized topographic charts in a scale of 1:100,000 of the Brazilian Geographical Institute (IBGE). The measured drainage area is of 389.3 km2 and the perimeter is 136.9 km. Due to structural influence, the shape of the RPHB is irrgular and elongated, with drainage developed in a dendritic and parallel pattern. Those characteristics were checked by means of the compaxity coefficient and the shape factor. The first one was estimated in 1.94, what implies that the basin is not subject to fast flooding in years with normal precipitation. The high degree of fluvial downcutting of the basin is confirmed by the fact that it is a 5th order basin, it presents a significant branching rate and a medium drainage density.
Analysis of economic and socio-environmental indicators for energy, materials and water management and proposal of technologies and alternatives for sustainable construction in housing.
(David Publishing, 2020-05-20) Moraes, Clauciana Schmidt Bueno de [UNESP]; Rocha, Rodrigo Pietro [UNESP]; Lima, Stephani Cristine de Souza [UNESP]; Gualter, Leonardo Prudente Torres [UNESP]; Nolasco, Ana Maria; Oliveira, Miguel José; Amado, Miguel Pires; Pinheiro, Manuel Duarte; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The work presents technologies of materials, energy and water management that can be used for sustainable buildings, reducing costs and environmental impacts. The aim was to encourage the reduction of energy consumption, adequate water management and more sustainable material choices in new or existing buildings. For this, a diagnosis of existing technologies and alternatives was carried out in the first stage of the work. The second stage consisted of analyzing among the technologies and alternatives diagnosed from the methodology which can be applied in a fictitious case study of housing, its implementation and maintenance and viability analyzing, finally, environmental indicators, social and economic. The results showed that the best evaluated technologies/alternatives were in Energy: ventilation and natural light; in Water Management: double-action sanitary basin, flow restrictors, aerators with constant flow, and minicistern systems; and in Materials: bamboo, wood, soil-cement brick, earth, steel frame and wood frame, aggregate with ash from rice husks, aggregate with ash from sugarcane bagasse, glass, phase change materials, aggregate with residues of construction and demolition, Portland cement and cement with blast furnace slag; which can be used in the civil construction sector, and provide socio-environmental and economic benefits, encouraging new studies and its use for public/private buildings, aid in the elaboration of public policies to reduce costs and improve the quality of buildings.
Anthropic Exposure Indicator for River Basins Based on Landscape Characterization and Fuzzy Inference
(2021-01-01) Elfany Reis do Nascimento Lopes,; Carlos de Souza, José; Paixão de Sousa, Jocy Ana [UNESP]; Filho, José Luiz Albuquerque; Lourenço, Roberto Wagner [UNESP]; Universitary Campus Sosígenes Costa; State Goiás University; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Technological Research Institute of São Paulo (IPT)
Abstract: The objective of this study is to develop an anthropic exposure indicator for river basins using quantitative and qualitative aspects of the landscape and morphometric analysis based on fuzzy logic and geoprocessing. The indicator was developed from a Mamdani type fuzzy inference system by integrating information regarding the calculation of the anthropic transformation index and the circularity index of the river basin and its watersheds. The anthropic transformation was obtained from the mapping of land and forest use plotted by visual interpretation of the orthorectified multispectral satellite image of RapidEye. The circularity index was calculated using the area of the territorial limits of the study area. The basin presented thirteen classes of uses, with a greater predominance of the anthropic agricultural area, occupied by temporary crops in approximately 3472 ha (36.33%). The vegetation cover has a greater predominance of forest fragments of dense Ombrophylous forest that measure approximately 3589 ha (37.05%). The indicator showed a medium to high anthropogenic exposure for the basin. Watershed 8 showed a high to very high exposure. The exposure indicator is a tool that details the anthropic exposure of watersheds based on the reality of the activities that occur within it and the morphometric capacity. It can be used for similar areas.
Aplicaçáo de modelos hidrológicos para avaliação de reservatórios de retençáo e detençáo combinados á obra de recuperaçáo do canal de macrodrenagem no controle de cheias em uma bacia hidrográfica urbanizada
(2009-01-01) Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Lupinacci Da Cunha, Cenira Maria [UNESP]; De Oliveira, Jefferson Nascimento [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of retention and detention reservoirs along with the regulation in channel flow upgrade on flood for an urban watershed located at Rio Claro, SP. For this purpose, modeling and simulation techniques were applied for runoff determination and its propagation in channel. The Soil Conservation Service - SCS hydrologic model as well as Pulz and non-linear Muskingum-Cunge model were used. The software IPHS1 was applied on simulations. The results pointed out that the combination of retention increasing and detention reservoir implementation (120,000 m3, corresponding to 1.5% of the watershed area) with the streamflow upgrade (n decreasing from 0,04 to 0,02) can minimize the flood on the investigated Servidão watershed. Further, after the proposed intervention, the flood was eliminated for the investigated times of recurrence: 5, 20, 50 and 100 years. The prognostic indicated that the available area occupation had a minor effect on flow increasing due to the observed high urbanization.
Aplicação de modelos hidrológicos para avaliação de reservatórios de retenção e detenção combinados à obra de recuperação do canal de macrodrenagem no controle de cheias em uma bacia hidrográfica urbanizada
(2010) Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Cunha, Cenira Maria Lupinacci da [UNESP]; Oliveira, Jefferson Nascimento de [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of retention and detention reservoirs along with the regulation in channel flow upgrade on flood for an urban watershed located at Rio Claro, SP. For this purpose, modeling and simulation techniques were applied for runoff determination and its propagation in channel. The Soil Conservation Service – SCS hydrologic model as well as Pulz and non-linear Muskingum-Cunge model were used. The software IPHS1 was applied on simulations. The results pointed out that the combination of retention increasing and detention reservoir implementation (120,000 m3, corresponding to 1.5% of the watershed area) with the streamflow upgrade (n decreasing from 0,04 to 0,02) can minimize the flood on the investigated Servidão watershed. Further, after the proposed intervention, the flood was eliminated for the investigated times of recurrence: 5, 20, 50 and 100 years. The prognostic indicated that the available area occupation had a minor effect on flow increasing due to the observed high urbanization.
Aplicação de programa computacional no dimensionamento de volume de reservatório para sistema de aproveitamento de água pluvial da cidade de Ponta Grossa, PR
(2010) Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga [UNESP]; Oliveira, Samuel Conceição de [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The main aim of this paper was to use the REZZ software to calculate the tank volume rainwater harvesting system. For this purpose, rain data of Ponta Grossa-PR-Brazil were used considering different statistical treatment (average, 75%, 85%, 95% and 99% of confidence) and different roof areas (50, 80, 120 and 200 m2). The harvesting system was considered only for toilet flush in households with 3, 4 and 5 inhabitants. There were applied the following methods/concepts: Flow equalization (Rippl); Brazilian method as well the English and German practical methods. Further, the mass-balance was simulated for some conditions. All considered methods are described in NBR15527/07, the Brazilian standard for rainwater harvesting. As expected, the results pointed out for huge differences depending on the choice method and the statistical treatment of the rain data. The REZZ appliance showed to be useful thus permitting to set different conditions and to obtain rapid results in order to assist designers to adopt the best cistern volume for each particular case.
Aplicações de gráficos táteis de histogramas e setogramas para alunos cegos e de baixa visão: uma prática inclusiva
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2009) Zucherato, Bruno [UNESP]; Biazotto, Rodolfo Ferreira [UNESP]; Freitas, Maria Isabel Castreghini de [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Introdução: As políticas inclusivas atuais apontam para a inclusão de alunos especiais na rede regular de ensino, o que exige por parte dessas instituições uma certa adequação de seus conteúdos e materiais de aprendizado. Atentando a essa demanda o projeto de extensão “Cartografia Tátil e Mapavox: uma alternativa para construção de mapas e jogos táteis” vem acompanhando as atividades ligadas ao ensino de geografia da escola EMIEE “Maria Aparecida Muniz Michelin – José Benedito Carneiro” Deficientes Auditivos e Deficientes Visuais – EE - Araras, SP. Desenvolvendo materiais que auxiliem no ensino com a produção de maquetes, mapas, jogos e gráficos táteis. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os resultados das práticas realizadas na área de estudo no que se referem aos gráficos táteis: histogramas e setogramas, apresentando as técnicas utilizadas na produção do material, como uma alternativa de ensino para deficientes visuais, o trabalho teve como subsídio a iniciação científica desenvolvida na mesma temática denominada “O estudo sobre a utilização de gráficos e mapas temáticos táteis por alunos cegos e de baixa visão”. Métodos: A metodologia utilizada para a construção do material tátil consistiu na inserção dos alunos em um processo de pesquisa, incluindo-os na elaboração do material, coletando os dados que seriam representados nos gráficos, organizando esses dados e construindo o gráfico, esse processo acaba viabilizando uma integração entre a formação do conceito espontâneo em integração com a formação do conceito mediado. Todas as etapas de construção dos gráficos transmitidas aos alunos foram anteriormente testadas em laboratório, buscando respeitar a apreensão dos alunos acerca da realidade, atentando para a agradabilidade das texturas, o contraste das cores bem como do tamanho e a forma do material utilizado e construído. Resultados: O material construído se apresentou satisfatório com relação aos objetivos propostos, o conjunto construído mostrou que a alternativa utilizada para o ensino de deficientes visuais: cegos e de baixa visão é válida, sendo que os alunos ao participarem da elaboração do conteúdo teórico do material, apreenderam o conhecimento transmitido. Atualmente se encontra em fase de elaboração a inserção de recursos sonoros no material didático construído, bem como a elaboração de um caderno guia para transmitir as idéias e técnicas elaboradas pela pesquisa para professores de educação convencional e especial.
Aplicações de gráficos táteis de histogramas e setogramas para alunos cegos e de baixa visão: uma prática inclusiva
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2009) Zucherato, Bruno [UNESP]; Biazotto, Rodolfo Ferreira [UNESP]; Freitas, Maria Isabel Castreghini [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Aspectos geológicos da região do polo turístico das águas termais de são lourenço, MT
(2016-01-01) Godoy, Laís Paciência [UNESP]; da Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini [UNESP]; Godoy, Antonio Misson [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The Thermal Water of the Touristic Polo of Águas de São Lourenço occur in the southeastern Mato Grosso 150 km from Cuiabá, of municipalities of São Vicente, Juscimeira and Jaciara. The region is located in the units of Guimarães Plateau that presents features of cuesta relief of Serra dos Coroados and São Jerônimo and by Rondonóplis Depression formed by the São Lourenço River valley, where are exposed rocks of the Paraná Basin (Furnas Ponta Grossa, Aquidauna, Botucatu and Serra Geral Formations). The mineral waters correlate to large regional flexures, faults and fractures, which constitute reflex structures or reactivation of older structures of the basement rocks. The hydrothermal conditions of the area reflect the interaction of several factors: the significant gravity anomalies surrounding subsurface São Vicente granite and the largest regional heat flow in this area. In addition, the significant topographically recessed area with higher altitudes, hydrogeological recharge, the amount of sandy rocks favorable to the accumulation, and intense fracturing high permeability for rainwater recharge aquifers. This situation enables the Furnas sandstone aquifer, confined by impermeable sediments of Ponta Grossa Formation to stay with thermal and keep partial to resurgent. The health resort is a major tourist hub for the state of Mato Grosso and municipalities survive economically on tourism, which depends on the infiltration of rainwater for renovation surface and thermal spring.
Assessment of sugarcane harvesting residue effects on soil spectral behavior
(Univ Sao Paolo, 2016-03-01) Dematte, Jose A. M.; Terra, Fabricio da Silva; Otto, Rafael; Toma, Raul Shiso; Pereira, Luiz Henrique [UNESP]; Nascimento, Alexandre Ferreira do; Melo Bortoletto, Marco Antonio; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV); Univ Fed Ceara; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp); Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA); Clealco Grp SA
When the harvesting of sugarcane involves a mechanized process, plant residues remain on the soil surface, which makes proximal and remote sensing difficult to monitor. This study aimed to evaluate, under laboratory conditions, differences in the soil spectral behavior of surface layers Quartzipsamment and Hapludox soil classes due to increasing levels of sugarcane's dry (DL) and green (GL) leaf cover on the soil. Soil cover was quantified by supervised classification of the digital images (photography) taken of the treatments. The spectral reflectance of the samples was obtained using the FieldSpec Pro (350 to 2500 nm). TM-Landsat bands were simulated and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and soil line were also determined. Soil cover ranged from 0 to 89 % for DL and 0 to 80 % for GL. Dry leaf covering affected the features of the following soil constituents: iron oxides (480, 530 and 900 nm) and kaolinite (2200 nm). Water absorption (1400 and 1900 nm) and chlorophyll (670 nm) were determinant in differentiating between bare soil and GL covering. Bands 3 and 4 and NDVI showed pronounced variations as regards differences in soil cover percentage for both DL and GL. The soil line allowed for discrimination of the bare soil from the covered soil (DL and GL). High resolution sensors from about 50 % of the DL or GL covering are expected to reveal differences in soil spectral behavior. Above this coverage percentage, soil assessment by remote sensing is impaired.
Atributos de qualidade de solos sob dois diferentes tipos de manejo no município de Ibiúna/SP, Brazil
(2011-10-01) Manfré, Luiz Augusto; Da Silva, Alexandre Marco [UNESP]; Urban, Rodrigo Custódio; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Agricultural activity has direct consequences on the soil and water quality. Thus, assessing environmental impacts of this vital economic activity, through soil attribute analysis, is essential to the proposal of alternatives. The aim of this study was to analyze soil quality under different land management practices, conventional and organic. The study was carried out in a watershed of the Ibiuna municipality, SP, Brazil, an important supplier of agricultural products for the São Paulo metropolitan area. A hundred samples were collected, 20 in each type of land use: reforested areas, native vegetation, pasture, conventional cultivation and organic cultivation. The soil resistance to penetration, its pH (in water and KCl), electrical conductivity, bulk density, particle density, porosity, soil color, soil texture and the percentages of carbon and nitrogen were analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed, searching for significant differences. The results of soil analysis showed great similarity between the organic and conventional culture, with no statistical differences. However, organic cultivation showed greater similarity to the soil of native vegetation in the percentage of carbon and nitrogen in soils compared to conventional culture. Thus, the discussion begins on a topic very little explored so far, and the results obtained should be further studied.
A atuação resolutiva do Ministério Público brasileiro: análise para a implementação de políticas públicas.
(Editora Atena, 2022-05-20) Bonaretto, Cinthia Mara Vital [UNESP]; Moraes, Clauciana Schmidt Bueno de [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Sob a perspectiva do policy cycle como ferramenta de análise de políticas públicas e considerando que os atores do sistema de justiça influenciam essas políticas, este trabalho objetiva caracterizar o perfil resolutivo delineado para o Ministério Público brasileiro a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988 e trazer à discussão as possíveis contribuições e dificuldades de uma atuação resolutiva para a implementação de políticas públicas que sejam mais efetivas, recorrendo-se, para tanto, à analise documental de três normativas que instrumentalizam a pretendida resolutividade: a Carta de Brasília, a Recomendação n. 54/2017 – CNMP e a Recomendação de Caráter Geral n. 02/2018 – CNMP. Com a construção de um quadro comparativo de diversos aspectos presentes nessas normativas, foi possível observar que o Ministério Público tem buscado redefinir seus parâmetros de atuação, pretendendo obter resultados que sejam mais efetivos e resolutivos, preferencialmente não recorrendo à judicialização dos direitos. Também se identificou que a resolutividade almejada se orienta para a promoção da transformação social e para a geração de impacto social relevante, entretanto ela carece de referências e indicadores para se concretizar. Ainda se vislumbrou que esse paradigma resolutivo está em processo de formação, não estabelecido firmemente, e que, embora possa contribuir para fomentar a participação social e ampliação do acesso à justiça, esbarra em algumas dificuldades para o seu efetivo estabelecimento.
O auxílio das geotecnologias para (re)alfabetização cartográfica de professores do ensino médio em Rio Claro (SP)
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2011) Oliveira, Stefânia Cristino de [UNESP]; Bento, Bruna Maria Pechini [UNESP]; Pancher, Andréia Medinilha [UNESP]; Fornazieiro, Marcos Paulo [UNESP]; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

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