Determinação de macroelementos, oligoelementos e contaminantes metálicos em própolis por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica em chama e em forno de grafite
Carregando...
Data
2004-01-16
Autores
Santana, Efigênia Queiroz de [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A própolis, oriunda de brotos e exsudatos de árvores, é uma resina balsâmica, de consistência viscosa, com variação na cor, de parda escura a vermelha, com sabor amargo e composição química complexa. Os compostos químicos presentes são: ácidos benzóico, salicílico e cinâmico, benzaldeído, compostos terpênicos e em maior concentração, flavonóides. Possui uma ampla utilização farmacológica, dentre as quais, destacam-se as ações: antimicrobiana, antiviral, antiparasitária e antiinflamatória. Por se tratar de produto oriundo de vegetais, está sujeito a contaminações ambientais. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver metodologia de análise para determinar a presença de contaminantes metálicos, macroelementos e oligoelementos na própolis in natura e em extratos. Os metais pesquisados foram: cádmio, cálcio, chumbo, cobre, crômio, magnésio, manganês, mercúrio, níquel, tálio e zinco. Durante o processo analítico, a mineralização destas amostras só foi possível quando utilizado forno de microondas. As determinações foram realizadas em espectrofotometria de absorção atômica em chama (EAA-chama) e espectrofotometria de absorção atômica em forno de grafite (EAA-FG). Em EAA-chama, não foram detectados ou foram em concentrações muito baixas em apenas algumas amostras de extratos, o cádmio, chumbo, crômio, mercúrio, níquel e tálio, enquanto cálcio e zinco foram detectados em todos os extratos. Na própolis in natura, além destes últimos, também houve detecção de magnésio, manganês e cobre em todas as amostras. Em 75% das amostras in natura, o chumbo foi detectado, atingindo concentrações de até 95,811æg-mL-1. Em EAA-FG, os metais pesquisados foram o cádmio, chumbo, crômio e tálio. Este último, só foi detectado em 25% dos extratos e em...
Propolis, originated from sprouts and trees exudates, is a balsamic resin, with a viscous consistency, presenting a variety of colors ranging from dark brown to red, a bitter taste and complex chemical composition. The chemical compounds found are: benzoic, salicylic and cinnamic acid as well as benzaldehyde, terpenic compounds and flavonoids of high concentration. It has large pharmacological utilization, amongst which the following actions have been distinguished: antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-parasite and anti-inflammatory. When derived from vegetable product, it is subjected to environmental contaminations. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop analytical methodology to determine the presence of metallic contaminants, macroelements and oligoelements in the propolis extracts and propolis in natura. The metals sought were: cadmium, calcium, lead, copper, chromium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, thallium and zinc. During the analytical process, the mineralization of these samples was possible only when microwave ovens were utilized. The determinations were carried out through spectrometry by flame atomic absorption (FAAS) and by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). Through FAAS, the following metals were either not detected or found in very low concentrations in only some extract samples: cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury, nickel and thallium, while calcium and zinc were detected in all extracts. In the propolis in natura, besides these latter two, magnesium, manganese and copper appeared in all the samples. In 75% of the in natura samples, lead was detected, reaching concentrations up to 95.811 æg-mL-1. FG-AAS yielded cadmium, lead, chromium and thallium. This last one was only detected in 25% of extracts and very low concentrations 4.59 æg-L-1, the highest. Lead was detected in 81% of extracts, having reached... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Propolis, originated from sprouts and trees exudates, is a balsamic resin, with a viscous consistency, presenting a variety of colors ranging from dark brown to red, a bitter taste and complex chemical composition. The chemical compounds found are: benzoic, salicylic and cinnamic acid as well as benzaldehyde, terpenic compounds and flavonoids of high concentration. It has large pharmacological utilization, amongst which the following actions have been distinguished: antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-parasite and anti-inflammatory. When derived from vegetable product, it is subjected to environmental contaminations. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop analytical methodology to determine the presence of metallic contaminants, macroelements and oligoelements in the propolis extracts and propolis in natura. The metals sought were: cadmium, calcium, lead, copper, chromium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel, thallium and zinc. During the analytical process, the mineralization of these samples was possible only when microwave ovens were utilized. The determinations were carried out through spectrometry by flame atomic absorption (FAAS) and by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). Through FAAS, the following metals were either not detected or found in very low concentrations in only some extract samples: cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury, nickel and thallium, while calcium and zinc were detected in all extracts. In the propolis in natura, besides these latter two, magnesium, manganese and copper appeared in all the samples. In 75% of the in natura samples, lead was detected, reaching concentrations up to 95.811 æg-mL-1. FG-AAS yielded cadmium, lead, chromium and thallium. This last one was only detected in 25% of extracts and very low concentrations 4.59 æg-L-1, the highest. Lead was detected in 81% of extracts, having reached... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Metais, Intoxicações - Metais, Toxicologia dos metais, FAAS, GFAAS
Como citar
SANTANA, Efigênia Queiroz de. Determinação de macroelementos, oligoelementos e contaminantes metálicos em própolis por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica em chama e em forno de grafite. 2004. 152 f. +. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2004.