Técnicas de geoprocessamento e de análise de multicritérios na adequação de uso das terras
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Data
2006-02-15
Autores
Corseuil, Claudia Weber [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A utilização das terras para o desenvolvimento de atividades como agricultura e pecuária tem causado grandes alterações no meio ambiente, principalmente quando estas são praticadas de forma intensiva, desconsiderando a fragilidade e aptidão dos recursos naturais. Nesse contexto, é essencial que se faça o planejamento das atividades agrícolas, considerando os vários critérios ambientais envolvidos no processo de tomada de decisão. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a adequação de uso agrícola das terras de uma microbacia, por meio do método de análise de multicritérios em ambiente de sistema de informação geográfica (SIG). A microbacia do Arroio Ajuricaba, localizada no Município de Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR, compreende uma área de aproximadamente 1.681,00 ha e está situada entre as coordenadas UTM 787.309m E e 793.892m E; 7.275.026m N e 7.281.310m N, do Fuso 21. A microbacia localiza-se nas proximidades do lago da Usina Hidrelétrica de ITAIPU - Binacional, a qual é contribuinte, e faz parte da bacia hidrográfica do Paraná III, região oeste do Estado do Paraná, integrando a bacia hidrográfica do Rio São Francisco Verdadeiro. Utilizou-se como material, uma base cartográfica digital na escala 1:50.000; o mapa de solos da microbacia elaborado em escala de semidetalhe e imagens do satélite Landsat 7 ETM+. Para os processos de análise foram identificados dois grupos de critérios: as restrições (áreas de preservação permanentes, rede viária e os corpos de água), que conferem 2 uma limitação total à exploração agrícola das terras, e os fatores (aptidão agrícola das terras, declividade do terreno e uso da terra), que atribuem graus de adequação para o mesmo fim. O cruzamento dos mapas de restrições e fatores foi realizado por meio da metodologia de análise de múlticritérios, baseada...
The use of lands in the development of agricultural activities has been causing great alterations in the environment, mainly when these activities are practiced in an intensive way, disrespecting the fragility and aptitude of the natural resources. Considering these issues, it is essential to plan the agricultural activities, taking into consideration the several environmental criteria involved in the process of decision making. Within this context, the present study analyzes the adequacy of land use for agriculture of a microbasin, using multicriteria analysis methodology with geographic of information system (GIS). The Stream Ajuricaba Microbasin, located at Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR city, corresponds to an area of approximately 1.681,00 ha and is located between the 787.309 m E and 793.892m E; 7.275.026 m N and 7.281.310m N UTM coordinates, of 21 zone. The microbasin is near the lake of the ITAIPU binational hydroelectric plant, which is not only a contributor, but also part of the hydrographic basin of Paraná III, west region of Paraná State, thus, integrating the hydrographic basin of the São Francisco Verdadeiro River. A digital cartographic base in the 1:50.000 scale, the soil map of the microbasin made in a semi-detailed way and images from the Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite were used. Two criteria groups were identified in order to perform the analysis process: the restrictions (permanent preservation areas, road net and the wash bodies) that apply a total limitation related to the land exploration for agriculture, and the factors (land suitability for agriculture, soil declivity and vegetable use and coverage) that attribute levels of adequacy to the same target. The crossing of restrictions and factors maps was performed using the multicriteria analysis methodology with GIS. That methodology is based on the weighed linear combination (WLC). The results... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The use of lands in the development of agricultural activities has been causing great alterations in the environment, mainly when these activities are practiced in an intensive way, disrespecting the fragility and aptitude of the natural resources. Considering these issues, it is essential to plan the agricultural activities, taking into consideration the several environmental criteria involved in the process of decision making. Within this context, the present study analyzes the adequacy of land use for agriculture of a microbasin, using multicriteria analysis methodology with geographic of information system (GIS). The Stream Ajuricaba Microbasin, located at Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR city, corresponds to an area of approximately 1.681,00 ha and is located between the 787.309 m E and 793.892m E; 7.275.026 m N and 7.281.310m N UTM coordinates, of 21 zone. The microbasin is near the lake of the ITAIPU binational hydroelectric plant, which is not only a contributor, but also part of the hydrographic basin of Paraná III, west region of Paraná State, thus, integrating the hydrographic basin of the São Francisco Verdadeiro River. A digital cartographic base in the 1:50.000 scale, the soil map of the microbasin made in a semi-detailed way and images from the Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite were used. Two criteria groups were identified in order to perform the analysis process: the restrictions (permanent preservation areas, road net and the wash bodies) that apply a total limitation related to the land exploration for agriculture, and the factors (land suitability for agriculture, soil declivity and vegetable use and coverage) that attribute levels of adequacy to the same target. The crossing of restrictions and factors maps was performed using the multicriteria analysis methodology with GIS. That methodology is based on the weighed linear combination (WLC). The results... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Planejamento agricola, Sistemas de informação geografica, Combinação linear ponderada, Análise de multicritérios, Geoprocessamento, Environmental planning
Como citar
CORSEUIL, Claudia Weber. Técnicas de geoprocessamento e de análise de multicritérios na adequação de uso das terras. 2006. xiv, 101 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2006.