Influência de extratos aquosos de sorgo sobre a germinação e o desenvolvimento de plântulas de soja
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Data
2005-06-01
Autores
Correia, Núbia Maria [UNESP]
Centurion, Maria Aparecida Pessôa da Cruz [UNESP]
Alves, Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar [UNESP]
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
Resumo
Estudos conduzidos em laboratório ou em condições de campo demonstram o potencial alelopático da espécie Sorghum bicolor L., seja inibindo a germinação e o desenvolvimento de plantas daninhas ou até mesmo de plantas cultivadas em sucessão. Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos potencialmente alelopáticos de extratos aquosos das folhas, caules e raízes de cinco híbridos de sorgo (SARA, DKB860, DKB 599, XBG00478 e XBG06020), sobre a germinação e o desenvolvimento de plântulas de soja, cv. MG/BR 46 (Conquista), foram conduzidos dois bioensaios no período de março a junho de 2002. Foram estabelecidas como testemunhas: água destilada (com pH 8,0); água destilada com pH ajustado para 4,5; água destilada com pH ajustado para 6,0 e solução de polietilenoglicol (PEG) equivalente ao potencial osmótico de 0,1 MPa. Dentre as características avaliadas, houve efeito significativo apenas no comprimento de radícula das plântulas de soja, sendo que aquelas tratadas com os extratos de sorgo apresentaram menor radícula, diferindo significativamente das plântulas testemunhas. Observou-se que, com os extratos de raízes dos híbridos SARA, DKB860, XBG00478 e XBG06020 ocorreram os menores comprimentos de radículas de soja, diferindo do DKB 599. O extrato de folhas do XBG00478 resultou em menor média, não diferindo dos extratos de DKB860, DKB599 e XBG06020. No entanto, para o extrato de caule, o SARA resultou em menor radícula, diferindo apenas do XBG00478. Verificou-se, também, que, para os extratos de DKB860 e XBG00478, os extratos de folhas proporcionaram menor média, diferindo dos extratos de raiz e caule, enquanto para DKB599, XBG06020 e SARA, não houve diferença significativa entre os extratos de folha e caule.
Laboratory and field experiments show the allelopathic potential of Sorghum bicolor L., inhibiting germination and development of weeds and even succession crops. Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems and roots of five sorghum hybrids (SARA, DKB860, DKB599, XBG00478 and XBG06020) were evaluated on soybean (MG/BR 46 - Conquista) germination and seedling development. Two bioessays were conducted from March to June 2002. The controls were: distilled water; distilled water with pH adjusted to 4.5; distilled water with pH adjusted to 6.0; and polyethylene glycol solution (PEG) equivalent to the osmotic potential of 0.1 MPa. Significant effect was found only for radicle length; seedlings treated with sorghum extracts had significantly smaller radicles than the controls. The root extracts from SARA, DKB860, XBG00478 and XBG06020 reduced radicle length, differing from DKB599. Leaf extracts from XBG00478 resulted in the smallest average, statistically different from SARA extracts. SARA stem extracts resulted in the smallest radicles, differing only from XBG00478. Leaf extracts of DKB860 and XBG00478 were more inhibitory than root and stem extracts, while for DKB599, XBG06020 and SARA, leaf and stem extracts were equally inhibitory.
Laboratory and field experiments show the allelopathic potential of Sorghum bicolor L., inhibiting germination and development of weeds and even succession crops. Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems and roots of five sorghum hybrids (SARA, DKB860, DKB599, XBG00478 and XBG06020) were evaluated on soybean (MG/BR 46 - Conquista) germination and seedling development. Two bioessays were conducted from March to June 2002. The controls were: distilled water; distilled water with pH adjusted to 4.5; distilled water with pH adjusted to 6.0; and polyethylene glycol solution (PEG) equivalent to the osmotic potential of 0.1 MPa. Significant effect was found only for radicle length; seedlings treated with sorghum extracts had significantly smaller radicles than the controls. The root extracts from SARA, DKB860, XBG00478 and XBG06020 reduced radicle length, differing from DKB599. Leaf extracts from XBG00478 resulted in the smallest average, statistically different from SARA extracts. SARA stem extracts resulted in the smallest radicles, differing only from XBG00478. Leaf extracts of DKB860 and XBG00478 were more inhibitory than root and stem extracts, while for DKB599, XBG06020 and SARA, leaf and stem extracts were equally inhibitory.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sorghum bicolor, Glycine max, Allelopathy, hybrids, Sorghum bicolor, Glycine max, Alelopatia, híbridos
Como citar
Ciência Rural. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), v. 35, n. 3, p. 498-503, 2005.