Análise energética de sistemas de produção de etanol de mandica,cana-de-açúcar e milho
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Data
2008-05-20
Autores
Salla, Diones Assis [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A hipótese subjacente à pesquisa é a de que a cultura da mandioca consome menos energia no processo de obtenção de etanol do que as demais fontes amiláceas em análise. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é a análise energética de sistemas de produção de etanol utilizando como fonte de carboidratos a mandioca, a cana-de-açúcar e o milho. Como antecedentes da pesquisa procedeu-se a determinação dos balanços de massa de etanol, de CO2, de água e de resíduos gerados em cada estágio do processamento das raízes de mandioca. Os experimentos para essa etapa foram conduzidos no Laboratório de Processamento e Análise do Centro de Raízes e Amidos Tropicais - CERAT/UNESP e os valores obtidos foram produzidos em escala reduzida e apresentados para 1.000 kg de matéria-prima. Estudos complementares também foram realizados para examinar as energias exportadas do agroecossistema, referentes aos macronutrientes que estão contidos nas raízes da mandioca, nos colmos da cana-de-açúcar e nos grãos de milho. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados nesse segmento foram embasados na revisão da literatura sobre fertilização da mandioca, do milho e da cana-deaçúcar e na conversão da biomassa em etanol. As pesquisas de campo foram realizadas na região do Vale do Médio Paranapanema, estado de São Paulo, para a obtenção de informações sobre o consumo e o requerimento energético das operações agronômicas de cultivo e de processamento industrial das matérias-primas em análise. O dispêndio de energia referente à parte agrícola é apresentado pelo consumo energético da etapa de produção de um hectare de cana-de-açúcar, de mandioca e de milho, nas operações de preparo da área, plantio, insumos, condução da lavoura, colheita, transporte à indústria e drenagem energética. O dispêndio de energia referente à parte industrial é apresentado pelo consumo energético...
The focus of this research is that the cassava crops consumes less energy to obtain ethanol than the sugar cane and the corn crops. The main objective of this work is the analysis of the energetic ethanol production systems using as a source of carbohydrates, cassava, sugar cane and maize crops. As background to the search proceeded a determination of the balance sheets of ethanol mass, CO2, water and waste generated at each stage of processing of cassava roots. The experiments were conducted in the Processing and Analysis Laboratory of the Centre for Tropical Root and starches - CERAT / UNESP and figures were produced in small scale and presented to 1,000 kg of raw material. Further studies were also performed to examine the energy exported from the agroecosystem, on macronutrients that are contained in the roots of the cassava, the stem of sugar cane and corn seed. The methodological procedures adopted in that segment were based in the review of literature on fertilization of cassava, corn and sugar cane and the conversion of biomass into ethanol. The searches were carried from the field in the Paranapanema River Valley, state of Sao Paulo and seek information on energy consumption and application of agricultural operations of cultivation and industrial processing of raw materials for analysis. The expenditure of energy concerning the agricultural part is made by the energy consumption of stage production of one hectare of sugar cane, cassava and corn, tillage and planting procedure, inputs, driving the crop, harvest, transport industry and energy draining. The expenditure of energy referring to the part is made by the industry energy consumption of stage processing of one tonne of sugar cane, cassava and corn, in the operations of disintegration / milling, hydrolysis / sacarificação / treatment of the broth, fermentation, distillation and maintenance of equipment...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The focus of this research is that the cassava crops consumes less energy to obtain ethanol than the sugar cane and the corn crops. The main objective of this work is the analysis of the energetic ethanol production systems using as a source of carbohydrates, cassava, sugar cane and maize crops. As background to the search proceeded a determination of the balance sheets of ethanol mass, CO2, water and waste generated at each stage of processing of cassava roots. The experiments were conducted in the Processing and Analysis Laboratory of the Centre for Tropical Root and starches - CERAT / UNESP and figures were produced in small scale and presented to 1,000 kg of raw material. Further studies were also performed to examine the energy exported from the agroecosystem, on macronutrients that are contained in the roots of the cassava, the stem of sugar cane and corn seed. The methodological procedures adopted in that segment were based in the review of literature on fertilization of cassava, corn and sugar cane and the conversion of biomass into ethanol. The searches were carried from the field in the Paranapanema River Valley, state of Sao Paulo and seek information on energy consumption and application of agricultural operations of cultivation and industrial processing of raw materials for analysis. The expenditure of energy concerning the agricultural part is made by the energy consumption of stage production of one hectare of sugar cane, cassava and corn, tillage and planting procedure, inputs, driving the crop, harvest, transport industry and energy draining. The expenditure of energy referring to the part is made by the industry energy consumption of stage processing of one tonne of sugar cane, cassava and corn, in the operations of disintegration / milling, hydrolysis / sacarificação / treatment of the broth, fermentation, distillation and maintenance of equipment...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biomassa, Carboidratos, Álcool, Energia, Biomass, Carbohydrate, Energy, ethanol, Sustainability
Como citar
SALLA, Diones Assis. Análise energética de sistemas de produção de etanol de mandica,cana-de-açúcar e milho. 2008. xv, 168 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciência Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.