Aspectos pedológicos relacionados à irrigação em tabuleiros costeiros (Platô de Neópolis-SE)
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Data
2005-12-13
Autores
Luz, Lúcia Raquel Queiroz Pereira da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Em extensas áreas planas, processos pedogenéticos relacionados às condições de drenagem, que em amplos tabuleiros ocorrem de maneira fechada, concentrando o excesso de água em pequenas depressões, atuam sobre os solos modificando suas propriedades. Estudar aspectos pedológicos relacionados à agricultura irrigada, buscando relacionar aspectos edáficos com a dinâmica da água nos perfis e ao longo do relevo, foi o objetivo deste trabalho. Foram descritos e amostrados perfis nos terços superior, médio e inferior em área com declividade média de 1,3%, cultivada com citros sob irrigação localizada e em outra área adjacente sob as mesmas condições de relevo, mantida em pousio há mais de 10 anos. Foram feitas análises físicas, químicas, mineralógicas e micromorfológicas. O estudo concluiu que as diferenças entre os perfis refletem as condições de drenagem impostas pelo relevo e que as diferenças entre os horizontes dos perfis, principalmente quanto à granulometria e estrutura, proporcionam condições diferenciadas de retenção e infiltração e água no solo, favorecendo o fluxo lateral e o acúmulo de água em camadas mais profundas das áreas mais baixas da encosta, influenciando processos pedogenéticos relacionados à hidrólise. Concluiu ainda que para a preservação ambiental e a sustentabilidade da citricultura faz-se necessário buscar soluções para possibilitar melhor eficiência de uso da água, considerando a variabilidade dos solos e as condições impostas pelo relevo.
The aim of this work was studding pedologic aspect related to irrigated agriculture in plan surfaces, where the drainage is closed, concentrating the excess of water in small depths, act on the soils modifying its prorieties. Soil profiles were described and analyzed on the superior, medium and lower positions of the hill in a flat area (average of declivity 1,3%) cultivated with citric plants by micro sprinkler in comparison to a neighbor area, with de same relief conditions, kept without cultivation by a superior time ten years. Physical, Chemical, mineralogical and micromorphological analysis were done, relating these characteristics to the pedogenetics procedures involved on those soil formations. The study concluded that differences between the profiles of the areas with the irrigated cultivation and non cultivated, based on the morphologic, physical, chemical and micromorphological proves the conditions of drainage imposed by the positioning of the soil on the landscape and that the adding of water have provided conditions of flooding on deep layers of the soil accelerating pedogenetics procedures. For the environment preservation and the sustainability of the fruit culture in similar areas to the studied is necessary to search solutions to provide efficiency of the use of the water added to the soil by irrigation, considering the variability of the soils and the imposed conditions by the relief in relation to natural draying.
The aim of this work was studding pedologic aspect related to irrigated agriculture in plan surfaces, where the drainage is closed, concentrating the excess of water in small depths, act on the soils modifying its prorieties. Soil profiles were described and analyzed on the superior, medium and lower positions of the hill in a flat area (average of declivity 1,3%) cultivated with citric plants by micro sprinkler in comparison to a neighbor area, with de same relief conditions, kept without cultivation by a superior time ten years. Physical, Chemical, mineralogical and micromorphological analysis were done, relating these characteristics to the pedogenetics procedures involved on those soil formations. The study concluded that differences between the profiles of the areas with the irrigated cultivation and non cultivated, based on the morphologic, physical, chemical and micromorphological proves the conditions of drainage imposed by the positioning of the soil on the landscape and that the adding of water have provided conditions of flooding on deep layers of the soil accelerating pedogenetics procedures. For the environment preservation and the sustainability of the fruit culture in similar areas to the studied is necessary to search solutions to provide efficiency of the use of the water added to the soil by irrigation, considering the variability of the soils and the imposed conditions by the relief in relation to natural draying.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ciência do solo, Irrigação, Solos irrigados, Coastal tablelands, Topossequences, Irrigation, Pedogenesis
Como citar
LUZ, Lúcia Raquel Queiroz Pereira da. Aspectos pedológicos relacionados à irrigação em tabuleiros costeiros (Platô de Neópolis-SE). 2005. xii, 172 f. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2005.