Estudo de diferentes sistemas de colheita de Eucalyptus Spp em área montanhosa
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Data
2010-12-06
Autores
Bantel, Carlos Adolfo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo foi realizado em uma floresta de Eucalyptus spp., em primeiro corte, em terreno montanhoso, utilizando processo semimecanizado, teleférico e processador hidráulico. O objetivo foi comparar três tratamentos de colheita, determinar os tempos e rendimentos operacionais e analisar os principais fatores de influência. No tratamento Árvores Inteiras, o desgalhe foi realizado no pátio de processamento; no tratamento Toras Longas, no interior do talhão; e no tratamento Misto, na margem da estrada junto à torre do teleférico. Os tratamentos eram homogêneos quanto ao relevo, número de fustes, CAP, altura das árvores e volume comercial com casca. Na operação de derrubada observou-se uma correlação entre a declividade do terreno e o CV% do tempo de limpeza. O tempo de corte apresentou uma relação diretamente proporcional à área basal. A operação de derrubada apresentou maior rendimento no tratamento Árvores Inteiras. O tempo de desgalhe foi influenciado pelo número de fustes. O rendimento da atividade de desgalhamento foi maior no tratamento Misto. As operações de desgalhe, engate de árvores, extração, arraste e processamento não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas quanto à produtividade entre os tratamentos avaliados. O rendimento operacional do deslocamento com carga e deslocamento sem carga nos 50 metros iniciais, na operação de extração, foi maior no tratamento Árvores Inteiras em relação aos demais tratamentos. As operações de derrubada, desgalhamento, engate de árvores, extração com a torre de teleférico e arraste com trator agrícola estavam dimensionadas inadequadamente para as condições do experimento, interferindo sobre o rendimento da extração florestal
The study was conducted in the first-rotation of Eucalypt plantation, through mountainous land using partially mechanized process, yarder, and hydraulic processor. The objective of this study was to compare three cropping systems, to determine the times and operating incomes, and to analyze the main influencing factors. By the system of Whole Trees, the delimbing procedure was done into the area of processing, the system of Long Timbers was done into the stand, and the Mix system was done along of street next to the yarder tower. The treatment was homogeneous in relation to relief, number of stems, cbh (circumference of breast height), tree height, and commercial volume without bark. We have observed on harvesting operation a correlation between slope and CV% of cleaning time. The harvest time have presented a proportional directly relation to basal area. The harvesting operation has presented high performance to system of Whole Trees. The delimbing time was influenced by number of timber. The yield of delimbing activities was higher than all in the Mix system. The operations of delimbing, coupling of trees, extracting, skidding, and processing have presented no statistical differences to productivity among treatments. The operational yield of unload and load displacement through 50 initial meters, by extraction operation, was higher to the system of Whole Trees than the others. The operations of harvesting, delimbing, coupling of trees, extraction with yarder tower, and skidding with tractor machine were inadequately measured to the experiment conditions, interfering on forest extraction yield
The study was conducted in the first-rotation of Eucalypt plantation, through mountainous land using partially mechanized process, yarder, and hydraulic processor. The objective of this study was to compare three cropping systems, to determine the times and operating incomes, and to analyze the main influencing factors. By the system of Whole Trees, the delimbing procedure was done into the area of processing, the system of Long Timbers was done into the stand, and the Mix system was done along of street next to the yarder tower. The treatment was homogeneous in relation to relief, number of stems, cbh (circumference of breast height), tree height, and commercial volume without bark. We have observed on harvesting operation a correlation between slope and CV% of cleaning time. The harvest time have presented a proportional directly relation to basal area. The harvesting operation has presented high performance to system of Whole Trees. The delimbing time was influenced by number of timber. The yield of delimbing activities was higher than all in the Mix system. The operations of delimbing, coupling of trees, extracting, skidding, and processing have presented no statistical differences to productivity among treatments. The operational yield of unload and load displacement through 50 initial meters, by extraction operation, was higher to the system of Whole Trees than the others. The operations of harvesting, delimbing, coupling of trees, extraction with yarder tower, and skidding with tractor machine were inadequately measured to the experiment conditions, interfering on forest extraction yield
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Palavras-chave
Eucalipto, Teleferico, Colheita florestal, Manejo florestal, Motosserra
Como citar
BANTEL, Carlos Adolfo. Estudo de diferentes sistemas de colheita de Eucalyptus Spp em área montanhosa. 2010. xix 120 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2010.