Caracterização química, energética, aromática e sensorial de vinhos de mesa de uvas americanas
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Data
2013-06-05
Autores
Uliana, Maíra Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram caracterizar físico-química, energética, aromática e sensorialmente vinhos provenientes de uvas americanas e/ou híbridos produzidos em vinícolas brasileiras. Foram utilizados vinhos provenientes de uvas tintas das variedades Bordô, Isabel e Máximo, e de uvas brancas das variedades Niagara e BRS Lorena. Para a caracterização físico-química e energética os vinhos foram analisados pelas seguintes determinações químicas: teor alcoólico; densidade; extrato seco total e reduzido; relação álcool em peso/extrato seco reduzido, açúcares redutores; acidez total, volátil e fixa; pH; dióxido de enxofre total e livre; e valor energético. As amostras foram avaliadas por cromatografia gás-líquido, em um cromatógrafo gasoso equipado com um injetor split/splitless e um detector de ionização de chama (DIC), para a quantificação de seus compostos volátéis majoritários. Já para a porção dos compostos voláteis minoritários, as frações livre e glicosilada desses vinhos foram extraídas e analisadas utilizando um sistema GC-MS constituído por cromatógrafo gasoso e detector de espectro de massas. Todos os compostos foram quantificados como equivalentes ao 4-nonanol. Na análise sensorial foi utilizado o teste de aceitação por escala hedônica, para avaliação da aceitabilidade desses vinhos. Para os resultados da caracterização físico-química, enegética, compostos voláteis majoritários e teste escala hedônica foi realizada análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. A análise de componentes principais (APC) foi utilizada para avaliar a porção dos compostos voláteis minoritários. Todos os vinhos analisados apresentaram parâmetros físico-químicos dentro dos estipulados pela legislação brasileira. Os vinhos varietais Bordô e Isabel possuem mais...
The objectives of this study were to characterize physical-chemical, energy, aromatic and sensory the wines from American grapes and/or hybrids produced in Brazilian wineries. It has been used wines from red grapes varieties Bordô, Isabel and Máximo, and white grape varieties Niagara and BRS Lorena. The wines physical-chemical and energy characterization were analyzed through the following chemical determinations: alcohol content, density, total and reduced dry extract, alcohol in weight/reduced dry extract ratio, reducing sugars, total, volatile and fixed acidity, pH, free and total sulfur dioxide, and energy value. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography in a gas chromatograph equipped with a split/splitless injector and a flame ionizing detector (FID), for the major volatile compounds quantification. As for the minority portion of volatile compounds, the free and glycosylated fractions of those wines were extracted and analyzed using a GC-MS system consisting of a gas chromatograph and a mass spectral detector. All compounds were quantified as 4-nonanol equivalent. The sensory analysis used the acceptance test by hedonic scale, for the acceptability evaluation of these wines. For the results of physical-chemical characterization, energetic, major volatile compounds and hedonic scale test it has been performed variance analysis and the means were compared by Tukey test. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the volatile minority compounds portion. All wines analyzed showed physic-chemical parameters within the stipulated by the Brazilian law. The varietal wines Bordô and Isabella have more and in a higher concentration, responsible compounds for the foxy aroma of wines from American varieties, as compared with the varietal Máximo. The varietal... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The objectives of this study were to characterize physical-chemical, energy, aromatic and sensory the wines from American grapes and/or hybrids produced in Brazilian wineries. It has been used wines from red grapes varieties Bordô, Isabel and Máximo, and white grape varieties Niagara and BRS Lorena. The wines physical-chemical and energy characterization were analyzed through the following chemical determinations: alcohol content, density, total and reduced dry extract, alcohol in weight/reduced dry extract ratio, reducing sugars, total, volatile and fixed acidity, pH, free and total sulfur dioxide, and energy value. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography in a gas chromatograph equipped with a split/splitless injector and a flame ionizing detector (FID), for the major volatile compounds quantification. As for the minority portion of volatile compounds, the free and glycosylated fractions of those wines were extracted and analyzed using a GC-MS system consisting of a gas chromatograph and a mass spectral detector. All compounds were quantified as 4-nonanol equivalent. The sensory analysis used the acceptance test by hedonic scale, for the acceptability evaluation of these wines. For the results of physical-chemical characterization, energetic, major volatile compounds and hedonic scale test it has been performed variance analysis and the means were compared by Tukey test. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the volatile minority compounds portion. All wines analyzed showed physic-chemical parameters within the stipulated by the Brazilian law. The varietal wines Bordô and Isabella have more and in a higher concentration, responsible compounds for the foxy aroma of wines from American varieties, as compared with the varietal Máximo. The varietal... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Vinho e vinificação - Química, Compostos aromaticos, Vinho - Análise, Vinho - Avaliação sensorial, Wine and wine making - Analysis
Como citar
ULIANA, Maíra Rodrigues. Caracterização química, energética, aromática e sensorial de vinhos de mesa de uvas americanas. 2013. xii , 95 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.