Desempenho de reatores UASB em série no tratamento de águas residuárias de atividades agropecuárias
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Data
2013-11-20
Autores
Guariz, Cíntia Sobue Lorenzon [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foi avaliado o desempenho de três conjuntos de reatores UASB, em escala de bancada, instalados em série, no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura (ARS), do despolpamento de frutos do cafeeiro por via úmida (ARC) e da vinhaça e melaço (ARVM), sob diferentes condições operacionais. Também foi estudada a viabilidade da integração do processo acidogênico e metanogênico para produção de hidrogênio e metano utilizando vinhaça sem controle da temperatura. Os tempos de detenção hidráulico (TDH) aplicados nos reatores UASB (R1+R2) foram de 36, 24 e 12 h, e as cargas orgânicas volumétricas (COV) aplicadas no primeiro reator (R1) variaram de 19,0 a 102,5 g DQO total (L d)-1 para o sistema tratando ARS. Para os sistemas tratando ARC e ARVM os TDH foram, respectivamente, de 242 e 223 h e as COV no R1 variaram de 3,3 a 5,3 g DQO total (L d)-1 e de 1,4 a 5,6 g DQO total (L d)-1, respectivamente. Nos sistemas de tratamento, foram observadas eficiências médias de remoção de DQO total e sólidos suspensos totais (SST) de até, respectivamente, de 88 e 91% com ARS, de 91 e 78% com ARC e de 75 e 81% com ARVM. No conjunto de reatores R1+R2 tratando ARS as maiores eficiências médias de remoção de coliformes termotolerantes, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK) e de cobre foram, respectivamente, de 99, 51 e 63%. Para os reatores R1+R2 tratando ARC, as maiores eficiências médias de remoção de NTK e cobre foram, respectivamente, de 46 e 91%, para os reatores R1+R2 tratando ARVM foram de 27 e 89%, respectivamente. Portanto, os reatores UASB em série, foram eficientes na remoção de DQO e SST de águas residuárias de atividades agropecuária, com produções volumétricas de metano máximas no sistema de tratamento anaeróbio variando de 1,609 a 0,188 L CH4 (L reator d)-1. Apesar de não ter ocorrido produção simultânea de hidrogênio e metano no sistema, observou-se...
This study evaluated the performance of three sets of UASB reactors, in bench scale, installed in series, for the treatment of swine wastewater (SW), coffee bean processing wastewater (CW) and vinasse and molasses (VMW) under different operating conditions. The feasibility of integrating acidogenic and methanogenic process for hydrogen and methane production using vinasse without temperature control was also studied. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) applied in UASB reactors (R1+R2) were 36, 24 and 12 h and organic loading rate (OLR) applied in the first reactor (R1) ranged from 19.0 to 102.5 g COD (L d)-1 in the system treating SW. For the systems treating CW and VMW HTR were, respectively, 242 and 223 h and OLR in R1 ranged from 3.3 to 5.3 g COD (L d)-1 and 1.4 to 5.6 g COD (L d)-1, respectively. Removal efficiencies of COD and total suspended solids (TSS) up to, respectively, 88 and 91% with SW, 91 and 78% with CW and 75 and 81% VMW were observed. In the set of reactors R1+R2 treating SW the highest average removal efficiencies of thermotolerant coliforms, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and copper were, respectively, 99, 51 and 63%. For reactors R1+R2 treating CW, the highest average removal efficiencies of TKN and copper were, respectively, 46 and 91% for R1+R2 reactors treating VMW were 27 and 89%, respectively. Therefore, the UASB reactors in series, were efficient in removing COD and TSS in agricultural wastewater, with maximum volumetric methane yields ranging from 1.609 to 0.188 L CH4 (L reactor d)-1. Although simultaneous hydrogen and methane production did not occurred, when fed with vinasses the system demonstrated feasibility in hydrogen production at ambient temperature. The maximum hydrogen production in R1 was 675 mL d-1, with 9% of content and HRT of 19.2 h. The maximum methane production in R2 was 2068 mL d-1, with 68% of content and HTR of 48 h
This study evaluated the performance of three sets of UASB reactors, in bench scale, installed in series, for the treatment of swine wastewater (SW), coffee bean processing wastewater (CW) and vinasse and molasses (VMW) under different operating conditions. The feasibility of integrating acidogenic and methanogenic process for hydrogen and methane production using vinasse without temperature control was also studied. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) applied in UASB reactors (R1+R2) were 36, 24 and 12 h and organic loading rate (OLR) applied in the first reactor (R1) ranged from 19.0 to 102.5 g COD (L d)-1 in the system treating SW. For the systems treating CW and VMW HTR were, respectively, 242 and 223 h and OLR in R1 ranged from 3.3 to 5.3 g COD (L d)-1 and 1.4 to 5.6 g COD (L d)-1, respectively. Removal efficiencies of COD and total suspended solids (TSS) up to, respectively, 88 and 91% with SW, 91 and 78% with CW and 75 and 81% VMW were observed. In the set of reactors R1+R2 treating SW the highest average removal efficiencies of thermotolerant coliforms, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and copper were, respectively, 99, 51 and 63%. For reactors R1+R2 treating CW, the highest average removal efficiencies of TKN and copper were, respectively, 46 and 91% for R1+R2 reactors treating VMW were 27 and 89%, respectively. Therefore, the UASB reactors in series, were efficient in removing COD and TSS in agricultural wastewater, with maximum volumetric methane yields ranging from 1.609 to 0.188 L CH4 (L reactor d)-1. Although simultaneous hydrogen and methane production did not occurred, when fed with vinasses the system demonstrated feasibility in hydrogen production at ambient temperature. The maximum hydrogen production in R1 was 675 mL d-1, with 9% of content and HRT of 19.2 h. The maximum methane production in R2 was 2068 mL d-1, with 68% of content and HTR of 48 h
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Águas residuais - Purificação, Desempenho, Vinhaça, Metano, Hidrogenio, Sewage
Como citar
GUARIZ, Cíntia Sobue Lorenzon. Desempenho de reatores UASB em série no tratamento de águas residuárias de atividades agropecuárias. 2013. xv, 158 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.