O Tratamento de questões ambientais através da modelagem matemática: um trabalho com alunos do ensino fundamental e médio
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Data
2003-09-19
Autores
Ferreira, Denise Helena Lombardo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo buscar compreender como ocorre a participação dos alunos, e quais elementos sociais e pedagógicos tornam-se presentes ao se abordar questões ambientais, na perspectiva do ensino-aprendizagem da Modelagem Matemática. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida numa abordagem qualitativa com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e Médio, ambas escolas públicas do município de Rio Claro, SP. A ação pedagógica, desenvolvida na perspectiva de Modelagem Matemática, envolveu os temas Água, Lixo, Energia Elétrica e Desmatamento, com a confecção de alguns modelos, dentre os quais, previsão do crescimento da população, do consumo de água, da produção de lixo e da energia elétrica do município de Rio Claro. As questões ambientais vislumbraram um campo rico de aplicações, permitindo integrar a experiência dos alunos com a Matemática e possibilitando aos mesmos levantarem dados e informações, formularem, resolverem e decidirem questões de interesse, ao mesmo tempo que passavam a ter consciência em relação aos problemas ambientais. No Ensino Fundamental, além da Matemática e de outras ciências do contexto escolar, os alunos trabalharam com tecnologia informática. As discussões geradas e o contato com os vários órgãos responsáveis por dados e informações contribuíram para que os alunos compreendessem a necessidade da conservação dos recursos naturais com os quais interagem, introduzindo novos hábitos e atitudes em relação a eles, visualizando a Matemática como um instrumento de análise e interpretação da realidade. Os dados desta pesquisa revelam que é possível a escola desenvolver atividades matemáticas relacionadas com a temática ambiental, proporcionando um ensino da Matemática mais envolvente e significativo para os alunos.
This research has the objective of understanding how students' participation takes place, and which social and pedagogic elements are present, when environmental matters are approached from the standpoint of teaching and learning of Mathematical Modelling. The research was developed through a qualitative approach with students from Elementary and Junior High Schools, in two Public Schools in the town of Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. The pedagogic action, developed under the perspective of Mathematical Modelling included topics such as: Water, Waste, Electric Power and Deforestation, with the execution of certain models, from among which: population growth forecast; water consumption; waste and electric power generation in the town of Rio Claro. Environmental subjects discern a field that's rich in applications, which allow for the integration between students' experiences and Mathematics, letting them collect data and information, formulate, resolve and decide on questions of interest, concurrent with a gain of awareness towards environmental problems. In Elementary School, in addition to Mathematics and other sciences within the scholar context, students worked with Information Technology. Discussions that were created and the contact with several agencies responsible for the data, helped the students understand the needs for conservation of natural resources with which they interact, introducing new habits and demeanor in relation to them, perceiving Mathematics as a tool for analysis and interpretation of reality. Data in this research show that it's possible to develop mathematical activities related to environmental subjects, offering the students a more involving and significant Mathematics teaching.
This research has the objective of understanding how students' participation takes place, and which social and pedagogic elements are present, when environmental matters are approached from the standpoint of teaching and learning of Mathematical Modelling. The research was developed through a qualitative approach with students from Elementary and Junior High Schools, in two Public Schools in the town of Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. The pedagogic action, developed under the perspective of Mathematical Modelling included topics such as: Water, Waste, Electric Power and Deforestation, with the execution of certain models, from among which: population growth forecast; water consumption; waste and electric power generation in the town of Rio Claro. Environmental subjects discern a field that's rich in applications, which allow for the integration between students' experiences and Mathematics, letting them collect data and information, formulate, resolve and decide on questions of interest, concurrent with a gain of awareness towards environmental problems. In Elementary School, in addition to Mathematics and other sciences within the scholar context, students worked with Information Technology. Discussions that were created and the contact with several agencies responsible for the data, helped the students understand the needs for conservation of natural resources with which they interact, introducing new habits and demeanor in relation to them, perceiving Mathematics as a tool for analysis and interpretation of reality. Data in this research show that it's possible to develop mathematical activities related to environmental subjects, offering the students a more involving and significant Mathematics teaching.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Matemática - Estudo e ensino, Modelos matematicos, Educação ambiental, Educação matemática, Modelagem matemática, Prática escolar, Mathematics education, Mathematical modelling, Environmental education, Instruction practice
Como citar
FERREIRA, Denise Helena Lombardo. O Tratamento de questões ambientais através da modelagem matemática: um trabalho com alunos do ensino fundamental e médio. 2003. xii, 278 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2003.