Fauna de Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) em um agroecossistema cafeeiro no Estado de São Paulo
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Data
2012-12-17
Autores
Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a fauna de Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) em um agroecossistema cafeeiro localizado em Cravinhos, SP, Brasil, identificar as espécies encontradas, analisar a diversidade, sazonalidade e os métodos de amostragem. A amostragem foi realizada semanalmente entre maio de 2005 e abril de 2007 com armadilhas de Moericke e luminosa modelo Jermy. As armadilhas de Moericke foram fixadas em estacas de madeira próximas aos terços inferior e médio da planta e permaneceram ativas por 48 horas/semana; foram estabelecidos 20 pontos de amostragem em um ha e, em cada ponto, instalados três conjuntos de armadilhas, distantes entre si por um metro. As armadilhas luminosas foram fixadas de forma que sua cobertura ficasse na altura do dossel das plantas; foram instaladas duas armadilhas em um talhão de um ha, ativas por dois períodos de 12 horas/semana. Foram obtidos 1803 exemplares de Ichneumonidae, de 62 gêneros e 109 espécies, dentre as quais 37 nominais e 72 morfoespécies, distribuídas em 16 subfamílias. As espécies mais abundantes foram Lissonota sp. (Banchinae), Ophion flavidus Brullé, 1846 (Ophioninae), Mesostenus alvarengae Porter, 1973 (Cryptinae), Thymebatis sp. 1 (Ichneumoninae), Netelia sp. (Tryphoninae), Pimpla sp. (Pimplinae), Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa Lima, 1953 (Cremastinae) e Syzeuctus sp. (Banchinae), com 578, 318, 102, 97, 87, 66, 52 e 49 exemplares capturados, respectivamente. O índice de diversidade de Margalef foi de 14,41, o de Shannon de 2,81 e o de Pielou 0,60. Foram coletados 1243 (68,9% do total) exemplares com armadilhas Moericke e 560 (31,1%) com armadilha luminosa. A diversidade de espécies de Ichneumonidae encontrada foi maior na armadilha Moericke em relação à luminosa; para grupos de hábito norturno...
The aim of this work was to study the fauna of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) in a coffee agroecosystem located in Cravinhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The identification of species, the analysis of its diversity and seasonality, and the study of sampling methods were performed. Sampling was carried out weekly between May 2005 and April 2007, using Moericke and light traps (Jermy model). Moericke traps were fixed to wood stake near the lower and middle thirds of the coffee plants and kept there during 48 hours/week; twenty sample points were evaluated in one hectare, each one of them with three Moericke traps, distant one meter each other. Light traps were set at the height of the coffee plants´canopy. Two light traps were twice installed for a 12 hours/week period, in a 1-ha plot. A total of 1,803 specimens of Ichneumonidae were collected, belonging to 16 subfamilies, 62 genera and 109 species (37 nominal and 72 morphospecies). Lissonota sp. (Banchinae), Ophion flavidus Brullé, 1846 (Ophioninae), Mesostenus alvarengae Porter, 1973 (Cryptinae), Thymebatis sp. 1 (Ichneumoninae), Netelia sp. (Tryphoninae), Pimpla sp. (Pimplinae), Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa Lima, 1953 (Cremastinae) and Syzeuctus sp. (Banchinae) were the most abundant, totaling 578, 318, 102, 97, 87, 66, 52 and 49 specimens collected, respectively. The Margalef and Shannon diversity indexes were, respectively, 14.41 and 2.81; and Pielou's evenness index was 0.60. A total of 1,243 (68.9% of total) ichneumonids were collected with Moericke traps and 560 (31.1%) with light traps. The diversity of ichneumonid species was higher in Moericke traps than in light traps. However, for groups with nocturnal habits, opposite results were observed. Moericke traps installed in the lower and middle third of the plants did not differ to ichneumonids... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The aim of this work was to study the fauna of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) in a coffee agroecosystem located in Cravinhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil. The identification of species, the analysis of its diversity and seasonality, and the study of sampling methods were performed. Sampling was carried out weekly between May 2005 and April 2007, using Moericke and light traps (Jermy model). Moericke traps were fixed to wood stake near the lower and middle thirds of the coffee plants and kept there during 48 hours/week; twenty sample points were evaluated in one hectare, each one of them with three Moericke traps, distant one meter each other. Light traps were set at the height of the coffee plants´canopy. Two light traps were twice installed for a 12 hours/week period, in a 1-ha plot. A total of 1,803 specimens of Ichneumonidae were collected, belonging to 16 subfamilies, 62 genera and 109 species (37 nominal and 72 morphospecies). Lissonota sp. (Banchinae), Ophion flavidus Brullé, 1846 (Ophioninae), Mesostenus alvarengae Porter, 1973 (Cryptinae), Thymebatis sp. 1 (Ichneumoninae), Netelia sp. (Tryphoninae), Pimpla sp. (Pimplinae), Eiphosoma laphygmae Costa Lima, 1953 (Cremastinae) and Syzeuctus sp. (Banchinae) were the most abundant, totaling 578, 318, 102, 97, 87, 66, 52 and 49 specimens collected, respectively. The Margalef and Shannon diversity indexes were, respectively, 14.41 and 2.81; and Pielou's evenness index was 0.60. A total of 1,243 (68.9% of total) ichneumonids were collected with Moericke traps and 560 (31.1%) with light traps. The diversity of ichneumonid species was higher in Moericke traps than in light traps. However, for groups with nocturnal habits, opposite results were observed. Moericke traps installed in the lower and middle third of the plants did not differ to ichneumonids... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Armadilhas luminosas, Parasitóide, Biodiversidade, Estações do ano, Café, Himenoptero, Inseto, Parasitoids
Como citar
FERNANDES, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues. Fauna de Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) em um agroecossistema cafeeiro no Estado de São Paulo. 2012. xxii, 220 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2012.