Biologia em diferentes temperaturas e ocorrência de Prorops nasuta Wat. e Cephalomia stephanoderis Betr. (Hymenoptera: Bethlydae) parasitando Hypothenemus Hampei (Ferr.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)
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Data
2007-07-31
Autores
Benassi, Vera Lúcia Rodrigues Machado [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de Prorops nasuta e Cephalonomia stephanoderis, em condições de laboratório, em câmaras climatizadas com temperaturas constantes de 17, 21, 25, 29 e 32 (±1º C); umidade relativa de 70±10% e fotofase de 10 horas. Como hospedeiro dos parasitóides utilizou-se formas imaturas da broca-do-café, Hypothenemus hampei, fornecendo-se, diariamente, larvas do último ínstar e pupas para a oviposição, e ovos e larvas dos primeiros estádios para a alimentação. Os maiores índices de viabilidade total das fases imaturas de C. stephanoderis ocorreram nas temperaturas de 25º (80,3%) e de 29º C (76,6%), e para P. nasuta, à 21º (70,4%) e 25º C (61,0%). A 25º C, as durações médias de ovo-adulto foram de 22,8 e 19,8 dias, para P. nasuta e C. stephanoderis, respectivamente. A longevidade média das fêmeas das duas espécies foi mais elevada na temperatura de 17º C, de 91,3 e 162,2 dias, respectivamente, para P. nasuta e C. stephanoderis. Observaram-se diferenças significativas entre as médias dos períodos de préoviposição das duas espécies, em todas as temperaturas, excetuando-se entre as obtidas à 25º C. O número médio de ovos/fêmea, colocados nas temperaturas de 21 e 25º C, foram de 13,6 e 18,8; e, de 24,5 e 22,5, respectivamente, para P. nasuta e C. stephanoderis. Levantamentos de campo efetuados no período de 2001 a 2003, constataram a presença desta última espécie em dezoito municípios do Espírito Santo e em seis do estado de São Paulo. P. nasuta foi encontrada nos municípios paulistas de Campinas, Mococa e Dois Córregos. Constatou-se ainda, a espécie C. hyalinipennis nas localidades de Ribeirão Preto, Mococa e Campinas.
It was evaluated the biological development of the parasitoids Prorops nasuta and Cephalonomia stephanoderis, in laboratory conditions, in acclimatized chambers at 17, 21, 25, 29 and 32 (± 1º C) constant temperatures; relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and a 10-hour photophase. As the parasitoid host, it was used immature phases of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, providing, daily, larvae and pupae for oviposition, as well as eggs and young larvae were supplied as food. The highest total viability indexes of C. stephanoderis development phases were obtained at temperatures of 25º C (80.3%) and 29º C (76.6%), while the most favorable indexes of P. nasuta were observed in 70.4 and 61.0% respectively, at temperatures of 21 and 25º C. The egg-adult period at 25o C ranged 22.8 and 19.8 days for P. nasuta and C. stephanoderis respectively. The average longevity of females from both species was higher at 17º C, reaching means duration of 91.3 and 162.2 days for P. nasuta and C. stephanoderis, respectively. Significative differences were observed between the preoviposition periods of both species in all temperatures, except for the ones obtained at 25º C. Females of P. nasuta laid a mean of 13.6 and 18.8 eggs, and females of C. stephanoderis laid a mean of 24.5 and 22.5 eggs, at 21 and 25º C respectively. A survey of the parasitoids was carried out between 2001 and 2003 in different coffee plantation sites in Espirito Santo State and São Paulo State. The presence of C. stephanoderis was detected in eighteen coffee areas of Espírito Santo State and in six sites of São Paulo State. P. nasuta was record in Campinas, Mococa and Dois Córregos, in São Paulo State. It was also observed the C. hyalinipennis in three sites of São Paulo State.
It was evaluated the biological development of the parasitoids Prorops nasuta and Cephalonomia stephanoderis, in laboratory conditions, in acclimatized chambers at 17, 21, 25, 29 and 32 (± 1º C) constant temperatures; relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and a 10-hour photophase. As the parasitoid host, it was used immature phases of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, providing, daily, larvae and pupae for oviposition, as well as eggs and young larvae were supplied as food. The highest total viability indexes of C. stephanoderis development phases were obtained at temperatures of 25º C (80.3%) and 29º C (76.6%), while the most favorable indexes of P. nasuta were observed in 70.4 and 61.0% respectively, at temperatures of 21 and 25º C. The egg-adult period at 25o C ranged 22.8 and 19.8 days for P. nasuta and C. stephanoderis respectively. The average longevity of females from both species was higher at 17º C, reaching means duration of 91.3 and 162.2 days for P. nasuta and C. stephanoderis, respectively. Significative differences were observed between the preoviposition periods of both species in all temperatures, except for the ones obtained at 25º C. Females of P. nasuta laid a mean of 13.6 and 18.8 eggs, and females of C. stephanoderis laid a mean of 24.5 and 22.5 eggs, at 21 and 25º C respectively. A survey of the parasitoids was carried out between 2001 and 2003 in different coffee plantation sites in Espirito Santo State and São Paulo State. The presence of C. stephanoderis was detected in eighteen coffee areas of Espírito Santo State and in six sites of São Paulo State. P. nasuta was record in Campinas, Mococa and Dois Córregos, in São Paulo State. It was also observed the C. hyalinipennis in three sites of São Paulo State.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Broca-do-café, Cafeeiro, Pragas agricolas, Temperatura, Ciclo biológico, Inimigos naturais, Biological cycle, Coffee plant, Parasitoid, Pests, Temperature
Como citar
BENASSI, Vera Lúcia Rodrigues Machado. Biologia em diferentes temperaturas e ocorrência de Prorops nasuta Wat. e Cephalomia stephanoderis Betr. (Hymenoptera: Bethlydae) parasitando Hypothenemus Hampei (Ferr.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). 2007. xii, 90 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.