Inter-relação: citros, porta-enxerto, doença e ácaro da leprose em plantas submetidas a estresse hídrico e nutricional
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Data
2007-03-02
Autores
Falconi, Rosângela de Souza [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Avaliou-se, em casa de vegetação, o desenvolvimento populacional do ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis e severidade da leprose em plantas de laranja da variedade Pêra, enxertadas sobre limão Cravo e as tangerinas Cleópatra e Sunki, com aproximadamente 9 meses de idade, submetidas a diferentes condições de deficiência hídrica. Os tratamentos foram estabelecidos em função da Capacidade de Campo (CC) e da fração de esgotamento de água (p) do solo, como segue: T1=25%CC (p=0,25); T2=40%CC (p=0,40); T3=55%CC (p=0,55); T4=70%CC (p=0,70). Decorridos 60 dias da indução ao estresse, realizou-se a colonização das mudas com 25 ácaros infectados e não infectados com o vírus da leprose, procedentes de uma criação sobre frutos com e sem lesões da doença. Os ácaros permaneceram colonizando às plantas por 55 dias, findos os quais, avaliou-se, em laboratório, sua população, contando-se o número de ovos, larvas, ninfas e adultos. Durante a colonização do B. phoenicis, avaliaram-se os sintomas da leprose, iniciando-se 21 dias após a colonização das plantas, e a intervalos de 7 dias. Empregou-se uma escala de notas visual para avaliar a severidade da leprose com base no número de lesões de leprose nos ramos, folhas e desfolha. Conclui-se que a disponibilidade de água para a planta influencia no desenvolvimento de B. phoenicis, visto que, em plantas submetidas a 25%CC, o número de ácaros foi maior que nos demais regimes hídricos, decrescendo à medida que a disponibilidade de água foi maior, atingindo seu menor índice populacional aos 70%CC. Em relação à severidade da leprose, as plantas submetidas a 25 e 40%CC obtiveram notas mais altas, evidenciando maior suscetibilidade...
It was assessed, in greenhouse, the interaction of the leprosis mite Brevipalpus phoenicis with orange plants Pêra grafted on lemon Cravo variety and on tangerines Cleopatra and Sunki, with about 9 months old, submitted on different condition of water deficits and mite infestation. The treatments were determinate in a function of both, Field Capacity (CC) and soil water drain fraction (p), as this: T1=25%CC (p=0,25); T2=40%CC (p=0,40); T3=55%CC (p=0,55); T4=70%CC (p=0,70). After 60 days of stress induction, was made the colonization of plants with 25 mites that were reared on oranges with and without leprosis symptoms. The mites stayed in the plants for 55 days, after what, its population, counting the number of eggs, grub, nymphs and adults were assessed, in laboratory. During the B. phoenicis colonization, were assessed the leprosis symptoms, starting 21 days after the plants colonization, at intervals of 7 days. To this was used a notes ranking basing in the number of leprosies symptoms in the branches, leaves and desfoliate. Was concluded that the water availability had influence in B. phoenicis development, foundation that the plants submitted on 25%CC, had mite population higher than the others treatments, decreasing with the increase water availability, hitting the lowest population index on 70%CC. In relation with leprosis symptoms, plants submitted on 25 and 40%CC had the highest notes, evidencing more susceptibility of this plants to the disease and faster evolution of the symptoms. The rootstock Cravo and Cleopatra were more susceptible to the mite, showing the biggest population, 134,8 and 125,9 mites respectively, while Sunki showed the lowest population... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
It was assessed, in greenhouse, the interaction of the leprosis mite Brevipalpus phoenicis with orange plants Pêra grafted on lemon Cravo variety and on tangerines Cleopatra and Sunki, with about 9 months old, submitted on different condition of water deficits and mite infestation. The treatments were determinate in a function of both, Field Capacity (CC) and soil water drain fraction (p), as this: T1=25%CC (p=0,25); T2=40%CC (p=0,40); T3=55%CC (p=0,55); T4=70%CC (p=0,70). After 60 days of stress induction, was made the colonization of plants with 25 mites that were reared on oranges with and without leprosis symptoms. The mites stayed in the plants for 55 days, after what, its population, counting the number of eggs, grub, nymphs and adults were assessed, in laboratory. During the B. phoenicis colonization, were assessed the leprosis symptoms, starting 21 days after the plants colonization, at intervals of 7 days. To this was used a notes ranking basing in the number of leprosies symptoms in the branches, leaves and desfoliate. Was concluded that the water availability had influence in B. phoenicis development, foundation that the plants submitted on 25%CC, had mite population higher than the others treatments, decreasing with the increase water availability, hitting the lowest population index on 70%CC. In relation with leprosis symptoms, plants submitted on 25 and 40%CC had the highest notes, evidencing more susceptibility of this plants to the disease and faster evolution of the symptoms. The rootstock Cravo and Cleopatra were more susceptible to the mite, showing the biggest population, 134,8 and 125,9 mites respectively, while Sunki showed the lowest population... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cítricos, Ecologia agrícola, Ácaro de plantas, Leprose, Mite, Water deficiencies, Stress
Como citar
FALCONI, Rosângela de Souza. Inter-relação: citros, porta-enxerto, doença e ácaro da leprose em plantas submetidas a estresse hídrico e nutricional. 2007. vii, 85 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.