Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée) (Lep.: Crambidae) em tomateiro estaqueado: dinâmica populacional, nível de controle com feromônio sexual e eficiência de agrotóxicos
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Data
2009-04-30
Autores
Benvenga, Sérgio Roberto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A relação entre a infestação da broca-pequena-do-fruto, Neoleucinodes elegantalis, e a produtividade foi avaliada na cultura do tomate, Lycopersicon esculentum, em ciclo de verão e inverno, com o objetivo de analisar a influência da infestação na produtividade da cultura e aperfeiçoar a tomada de decisão de controle. Armadilhas com feromônio sexual foram instaladas em parcelas experimentais e na mesma data foi avaliada a densidade de adultos capturados e a infestação de plantas com ovos nos frutos. A pressão populacional foi mais expressiva nos cultivos de verão. O aumento no número de adultos capturados nas armadilhas correspondeu a um incremento na infestação de ovos nos frutos e houve influência positiva da infestação de plantas com a produção descartada. Definiu-se que a tomada de decisão de controle deve ocorrer quando for capturada a média de 0,24 e de 0,23 adultos na armadilha por dia, nos cultivos de verão e de inverno, respectivamente. Numa etapa complementar avaliou-se a eficiência de inseticidas sobre os ovos (ação ovicida), lagartas recém-eclodidas (ação de choque) e em fase de crescimento (ação fisiológica), sob condições de laboratório. Para tanto, frutos com ovos foram imersos na calda inseticida para avaliação da ação ovicida e ação de choque aos 7 dias após a imersão e aos 21 dias, para a ação fisiológica. Foram avaliados 24 inseticidas e uma testemunha em aplicação isolada e com a adição de óleo vegetal (0,25%), respectivamente. Trebon 100 SC (etofenprox; 200 mL de produto comercial/100 L), Lannate BR (methomil; 100 mL), Thiobel 500 (cartap; 250 g) e Vertimec 18 CE (abamectin; 100 mL) apresentaram ação efetiva sobre os ovos e lagartas de N. elegantalis. A adição do adjuvante interfiriu de forma significativa e positiva na eficiência dos inseticidas.
The relationship between the infestation of Neoleucinodes elegantalis and productivity was evaluated in tomato crops, Lycopersicon esculentum, in summer and winter cycles, with the objective of analyzing the infestation influence on the productivity and improving the decision making control. Sex pheromone traps were installed in experimental plots and at the same date was assessed the density of adults caught and infestation of plants with eggs in fruits. The population pressure was more significant in the summer crops. The increase in the number of adults caught in traps corresponded to an increase in infestation of eggs in the fruit and with positive influence of the infestation on plants with the production. Decision-making control should occur when the average catch of 0.24 and 0.23 adults in the trap per day in the summer and winter crops, respectively. An additional step was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of insecticides on the eggs (ovicidal action), newly-hatched larvae (shock action) and in the growth phase (physiological action) under laboratory conditions. Fruit with eggs were emmerged in the insecticide solutions for assessing ovicidal action and the shock action at 7 days after immersion and at 21 days, to physiological action. It was evaluated 24 insecticides and a control application in with and without addition of vegetable oil (0.25%). Trebon 100 SC (etofenprox; 200 mL of commercial product/100 L), Lannate BR (methomil; 100 mL), Thiobel 500 (cartap; 250 g) and Vertimec 18 EC (abamectin; 100 mL) had action on the eggs and larvae of N. elegantalis. The addition of adjuvant showed significantly and positively effects in the insecticides efficiency.
The relationship between the infestation of Neoleucinodes elegantalis and productivity was evaluated in tomato crops, Lycopersicon esculentum, in summer and winter cycles, with the objective of analyzing the infestation influence on the productivity and improving the decision making control. Sex pheromone traps were installed in experimental plots and at the same date was assessed the density of adults caught and infestation of plants with eggs in fruits. The population pressure was more significant in the summer crops. The increase in the number of adults caught in traps corresponded to an increase in infestation of eggs in the fruit and with positive influence of the infestation on plants with the production. Decision-making control should occur when the average catch of 0.24 and 0.23 adults in the trap per day in the summer and winter crops, respectively. An additional step was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of insecticides on the eggs (ovicidal action), newly-hatched larvae (shock action) and in the growth phase (physiological action) under laboratory conditions. Fruit with eggs were emmerged in the insecticide solutions for assessing ovicidal action and the shock action at 7 days after immersion and at 21 days, to physiological action. It was evaluated 24 insecticides and a control application in with and without addition of vegetable oil (0.25%). Trebon 100 SC (etofenprox; 200 mL of commercial product/100 L), Lannate BR (methomil; 100 mL), Thiobel 500 (cartap; 250 g) and Vertimec 18 EC (abamectin; 100 mL) had action on the eggs and larvae of N. elegantalis. The addition of adjuvant showed significantly and positively effects in the insecticides efficiency.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tomate - Doenças e pragas, Armadilha, Feromônio, Monitoramento, Nível de ação, Controle químico, traps, Pheromone, monitoring, action level, Chemical control
Como citar
BENVENGA, Sérgio Roberto. Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée) (Lep.: Crambidae) em tomateiro estaqueado: dinâmica populacional, nível de controle com feromônio sexual e eficiência de agrotóxicos. 2009. ix, 134 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.