Características morfogênicas, estruturais e composição química de cultivares de Brachiaria submetidas a níveis de oferta de forragem sob pastejo rotativo
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Data
2010-12-07
Autores
Magalhães, Marcela Azevedo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O trabalho objetivou estudar e mensurar as características morfogênicas, estruturais e composição química de cultivares de Brachiaria (Marandu, Xaraés e Xaraés) submetidas a níveis de oferta de forragem (4, 7, 10 e 13% do peso vivo animal) sob pastejo rotativo. O experimento foi realizado no setor de Forragicultura, UNESP, campus de Jaboticabal, SP, no período de novembro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2008, e de novembro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2009. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições por oferta de forragem, totalizando 36 parcelas. A altura das plantas e comprimida foram maiores na oferta de forragem de 13% e na cultivar Xaraés, que também apresentou maior massa de lâminas foliares no prépastejo do último ciclo. No primeiro ano de avaliação e no primeiro ciclo de pastejo a taxa de aparecimento da lâmina foliar foi maior nas cultivares Marandu e Mulato. O número de lâminas foliares vivas variou em cada cultivar de Brachiaria, já que essa é uma característica particular de cada genótipo. O número de perfilhos vegetativos basais foi menor na cultivar Xaraés. O número de perfilhos mortos foi maior nas cultivares Marandu e Mulato (P<0,05), mostrando uma sincronia entre o aparecimento e morte de perfilhos, caracterizando um padrão de intensa renovação da população de perfilhos no pasto. Nas menores ofertas foi possível maior controle do alongamento do colmo, sendo que a cultivar Marandu apresentou as características mais desejadas no manejo do pasto. O maior teor de proteína bruta na lâmina foliar (P<0,05) foi na oferta de forragem de 4% e de modo geral, o componente lâmina foliar apresentou maior teor de proteína bruta que o componente colmo. O teor de fibra em detergente ácido foi maior na cultivar Xaraés para os componentes lâmina foliar e colmo. Independente das cultivares de Brachiaria e das ofertas de forragem...
The study aimed to evaluate and measure the morphogenesis, structure and chemical composition of Brachiaria (Marandu Xaraés and Xaraés) submitted to levels of herbage allowance (4, 7, 10 and 13% of live weight) under rotational stocking system. The experiment was conducted at the forage sector at UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, from November 2007 to February 2008 and November 2008 to February 2009. The experimental design was a complete randomized block design with three replicates per herbage allowance, totalizing 36 plots. Plant height and height compressed were higher at 13% herbage allowance and Xaraés cultivar, which also showed higher leaf mass at pregrazing in the last grazing cycle. In the first year of evaluation and the first grazing cycle, the leaf blade appearance rate was higher in Marandu and Mulato.cultivars. The number of leaf blades alive varied in each Brachiaria cultivar, since this is a particular characteristic of each genotype. The number of basal vegetative tillers was lower at Xaraés cultivar. The number of dead tillers was higher in cultivars Marandu and Mulato (P<0,05), indicating a synchrony between the appearing and death of tillers, characterizing a pattern of intense renewal of tillers in the pasture. In the lower herbage allowance could better control of stem elongation, and the cultivar Marandu presented the characteristics most desirable in the sward. The highest crude protein content in leaf (P<0,05) in was at herbage allowance 4% and in general, the leaf component showed higher crude protein content than the stem component. The content of acid detergent fiber was higher in cultivar Xaraes for leaf and stem components. Regardless of Brachiaria cultivars and herbage allowance studied the chemical composition of leaf blades had higher crude protein and lower levels of neutral detergent fiber contents found in the stem component... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The study aimed to evaluate and measure the morphogenesis, structure and chemical composition of Brachiaria (Marandu Xaraés and Xaraés) submitted to levels of herbage allowance (4, 7, 10 and 13% of live weight) under rotational stocking system. The experiment was conducted at the forage sector at UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, from November 2007 to February 2008 and November 2008 to February 2009. The experimental design was a complete randomized block design with three replicates per herbage allowance, totalizing 36 plots. Plant height and height compressed were higher at 13% herbage allowance and Xaraés cultivar, which also showed higher leaf mass at pregrazing in the last grazing cycle. In the first year of evaluation and the first grazing cycle, the leaf blade appearance rate was higher in Marandu and Mulato.cultivars. The number of leaf blades alive varied in each Brachiaria cultivar, since this is a particular characteristic of each genotype. The number of basal vegetative tillers was lower at Xaraés cultivar. The number of dead tillers was higher in cultivars Marandu and Mulato (P<0,05), indicating a synchrony between the appearing and death of tillers, characterizing a pattern of intense renewal of tillers in the pasture. In the lower herbage allowance could better control of stem elongation, and the cultivar Marandu presented the characteristics most desirable in the sward. The highest crude protein content in leaf (P<0,05) in was at herbage allowance 4% and in general, the leaf component showed higher crude protein content than the stem component. The content of acid detergent fiber was higher in cultivar Xaraes for leaf and stem components. Regardless of Brachiaria cultivars and herbage allowance studied the chemical composition of leaf blades had higher crude protein and lower levels of neutral detergent fiber contents found in the stem component... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Forragem, Pastejo, Capim-braquiária, Forage
Como citar
MAGALHÃES, Marcela Azevedo. Características morfogênicas, estruturais e composição química de cultivares de Brachiaria submetidas a níveis de oferta de forragem sob pastejo rotativo. 2010. xxviii, 172 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2010.