Parâmetros biométricos, fisiológicos e bioquímicos em híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla sob diferentes regimes de irrigação em casa de vegetação
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Data
2011-06-20
Autores
Moraes, Jane Valadares [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento de cinco híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (H1, H2, H3, H4 e H5) submetidos a quatro regimes de irrigação (RI1 – irrigação diária; RI2 – irrigação a cada dois dias; RI4 – irrigação a cada quatro dias e RI6 – irrigação a cada seis dias). O experimento foi implantado em casa de vegetação no delineamento de blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial 5 x 4 (cinco híbridos e quatro regimes de irrigação), com quatro repetições, usando como substrato 10,5 Kg de um Neossolo Quartzarênico. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento como: incremento relativo em diâmetro de coleto, em altura, em número de folhas, em área foliar, em massa seca de folhas, de caule, de raízes e total e razão raiz- parte aérea; fisiológicas como: taxa de assimilação líquida, transpiração, condutância estomática, concentração interna de CO2, potencial hídrico foliar, conteúdo relativo de água, eficiência fotoquímica e índice de conteúdo de clorofila total; e bioquímicas como: teores foliares de prolina livre e de glicina betaína. As avaliações fisiológicas foram realizadas em sete ciclos; mas, para fins de análise estatística foram consideradas as médias dos ciclos. Essas características também foram avaliadas 48 h após a irrigação de todos os tratamentos, formando-se assim dois grupos de características: sob estresse (no momento em que as plantas estariam submetidas à maior deficiência hídrica) e sob recuperação (após a irrigação de todas as plantas do experimento). As características biométricas e fisiológicas apresentaram menores valores com a redução da disponibilidade hídrica, independentemente dos híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. As alterações na área foliar, na massa de matéria seca de caule e na condutância estomática são boas...
The aim of this work was to evaluate the behavior of five Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids (H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5) submitted to four irrigation regimes (RI1 - daily; RI2 – every two days; RI4 – every four days; RI6 – every six days). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design with a factorial scheme 5 x 4 (five hybrids and four irrigation regimes), with four replications, using 10.5 kg of Neossol Quartzarenic soil. It was evaluated the biometric traits: relative increment at collar diameter, height, leaves number, leaf area, dry mater of the leaves, of the stem, of roots and total mater, root-shoot ratio; physiological traits: net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, relative water contents, photochemistry efficiency and index of chlorophyll contents; and biochemical traits: foliar contents of free proline and glycine betaine. The physiological evaluations were performed during seven cycles, but for statistics analysis they were considered the means from ones. The physiological traits were also evaluated 48 h after irrigation of every irrigation regimes. Two groups of values were created: under stress (in the plants were submitted to water stress) and under recovery (after irrigation). Biometric and physiological trait decreased by reduced water availability, regardless of hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. Changes in leaf area, dry matter of stem and stomatal conductance are good indicators of water stress. The higher proline accumulation in leaves due to reduced water availability is associated with the water stress but not to tolerance of hybrids to drought. The glycine betaine levels are not related to tolerance of hybrids or to the conditions of the soil water availability. The hybrid H3 is more tolerant and H5 is the most sensitive to reduced water availability in soil
The aim of this work was to evaluate the behavior of five Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla hybrids (H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5) submitted to four irrigation regimes (RI1 - daily; RI2 – every two days; RI4 – every four days; RI6 – every six days). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design with a factorial scheme 5 x 4 (five hybrids and four irrigation regimes), with four replications, using 10.5 kg of Neossol Quartzarenic soil. It was evaluated the biometric traits: relative increment at collar diameter, height, leaves number, leaf area, dry mater of the leaves, of the stem, of roots and total mater, root-shoot ratio; physiological traits: net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, relative water contents, photochemistry efficiency and index of chlorophyll contents; and biochemical traits: foliar contents of free proline and glycine betaine. The physiological evaluations were performed during seven cycles, but for statistics analysis they were considered the means from ones. The physiological traits were also evaluated 48 h after irrigation of every irrigation regimes. Two groups of values were created: under stress (in the plants were submitted to water stress) and under recovery (after irrigation). Biometric and physiological trait decreased by reduced water availability, regardless of hybrids of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. Changes in leaf area, dry matter of stem and stomatal conductance are good indicators of water stress. The higher proline accumulation in leaves due to reduced water availability is associated with the water stress but not to tolerance of hybrids to drought. The glycine betaine levels are not related to tolerance of hybrids or to the conditions of the soil water availability. The hybrid H3 is more tolerant and H5 is the most sensitive to reduced water availability in soil
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Florestas, Estresse hídrico, Melhoramento florestal, Parâmetros fisiológicos e bioquímicos, Water stress, Forest improvement, Physiological and biochemical traits
Como citar
MORAES, Jane Valadares. Parâmetros biométricos, fisiológicos e bioquímicos em híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla sob diferentes regimes de irrigação em casa de vegetação. 2011. xii, 72 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2011.