Morfo-anatomia, citogenética e palinologia em espécies de ipês (Bignoniaceae)
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Data
2007-02-12
Autores
Ortolani, Flavia Aparecida [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Plântulas de C. antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart., T. chrysotricha (Mart. ex Dc.) Standl., T. heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo, T. roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sand. e Z. tuberculosa (Vell.) Bur., espécies arbóreas conhecidas popularmente como ipês, foram estudadas morfo-anatomicamente, citogeneticamente e palinologicamente. As sementes estenospérmicas apresentam testa em variados tons de castanhos com alas hialinas, assimétricas, flexíveis e de textura papirácea. As plântulas são angiospermas, dicotiledôneas, fanerocotiledonares e epigéias. Os sistemas radiculares são axiais e ramificados. Tanto hipocótilos como epicótilos são verdes e podem apresentar ou não pêlos. Os cotilédones são foliáceos, reniformes, bilobados, clorofilados, peciolados e com recortes apicais profundos. Os eófilos são simples, simétricos, glabros ou pilosos, peciolados e de filotaxia oposta. Apresentam ápice obtuso ou acuminado, base cuneada e margem serreada. As estruturas vegetais apresentam epidermes simples, unisseriadas e pilosas. Geralmente, os cotilédones, os eófilos e os metáfilos são dorsiventrais, hipoestomáticos com estômatos anomocíticos. Os mesófilos cotiledonares são heterogêneos, exceto em Tabebuia heptaphylla onde é homogêneo. O hipocótilo pode ser considerado zona de transição por apresentar elementos vasculares em diferenciação. O epicótilo possui os feixes vasculares colaterais organizados. Os elementos traqueais internos ao córtex da raiz estão dispostos em forma de anel ao redor de uma medula parenquimática. Nos pecíolos dos metáfilos os feixes vasculares colaterais dispõemse em forma de anel, com exceção de C. antisyphilitica e T. heptaphylla onde mostram-se em forma de ferradura. Todas as espécies possuem 2n = 40 cromossomos, exceto em T. chrysotricha onde foram detectadas sementes poliembriônicas com 2n = 80 cromossomos...
Seedlings of C. antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart., T. chrysotricha (Mart. ex Dc.) Standl., T. heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo, T. roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sand. and Z. tuberculosa (Vell.) Bur., arboreal species popularly known as ipê, were morphoanatomically, cytogenetically and palinologycally studied. The estenospermic seeds have tegument in varied chestnut tones, with hyaline, asymmetric, flexible and paper texture expansions. The seedlings are angiosperm, dicotyledonous, phanerocotilar and epigeal. The root systems are axial and ramified. Both hypocotyll and epicotyll are green and can present pile or not. The cotyledons are foliaceous, kidney shaped, bilobe, chlorophyll, petiolate and with apical deep cuttings. The eophylls are simple, symmetrical, with or without pile, petiolate and of opposite phyllotaxy. They present obtuse or acuminate apex, cuneate base and sawed margin. The vegetable structures showed simple, unisseriate, pile epidermis. Generally the cotyledons, the eophylls and metaphylls are dorsiventral, hipostomatic, with anomocytic stomatal. The cotyledons mesophyll is heterogeneous, except the Tabebuia heptaphylla, within is homogeneous. The hypocotyll can be considered a transition zone by presenting vascular elements in differentiation. The epicotyll has organized collateral vascular bunches. The windpipe elements the root cortex is arranged in a ring around a parenquimatic medulla. In the petiolates of the metaphyll the collateral vascular bunches disposed is ring shaped, except the C. antisyphilitica and T. heptaphylla, where it is shown in a horseshoe shaped. All the species have 2n = 40 chromosomes, except the T. chrysotricha, where polyembryonic seeds with 2n = 80 chromosomes were detected. The chromosomes are small and present uniformity within the same karyotype...(Complete abstract, click eletronic address below)
Seedlings of C. antisyphilitica (Mart.) Mart., T. chrysotricha (Mart. ex Dc.) Standl., T. heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo, T. roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sand. and Z. tuberculosa (Vell.) Bur., arboreal species popularly known as ipê, were morphoanatomically, cytogenetically and palinologycally studied. The estenospermic seeds have tegument in varied chestnut tones, with hyaline, asymmetric, flexible and paper texture expansions. The seedlings are angiosperm, dicotyledonous, phanerocotilar and epigeal. The root systems are axial and ramified. Both hypocotyll and epicotyll are green and can present pile or not. The cotyledons are foliaceous, kidney shaped, bilobe, chlorophyll, petiolate and with apical deep cuttings. The eophylls are simple, symmetrical, with or without pile, petiolate and of opposite phyllotaxy. They present obtuse or acuminate apex, cuneate base and sawed margin. The vegetable structures showed simple, unisseriate, pile epidermis. Generally the cotyledons, the eophylls and metaphylls are dorsiventral, hipostomatic, with anomocytic stomatal. The cotyledons mesophyll is heterogeneous, except the Tabebuia heptaphylla, within is homogeneous. The hypocotyll can be considered a transition zone by presenting vascular elements in differentiation. The epicotyll has organized collateral vascular bunches. The windpipe elements the root cortex is arranged in a ring around a parenquimatic medulla. In the petiolates of the metaphyll the collateral vascular bunches disposed is ring shaped, except the C. antisyphilitica and T. heptaphylla, where it is shown in a horseshoe shaped. All the species have 2n = 40 chromosomes, except the T. chrysotricha, where polyembryonic seeds with 2n = 80 chromosomes were detected. The chromosomes are small and present uniformity within the same karyotype...(Complete abstract, click eletronic address below)
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Palavras-chave
Citogenetica vegetal, Bignoniacea, Palinologia, Polen, Plântula, Ipê, Seedling
Como citar
ORTOLANI, Flavia Aparecida. Morfo-anatomia, citogenética e palinologia em espécies de ipês (Bignoniaceae). 2007. xi, 95 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2007.