Esfenóitas do monumento natural das árvores fossilizadas do Tocantins, Bacia do Parnaíba (Permiano, Brasil)
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2012-10-08
Autores
Neregato, Rodrigo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pela primeira vez são descritos, em detalhe, caules de esfenófitas permianos da Bacia do Parnaíba, atribuídos ao gênero Arthropitys, anteriormente conhecidos nas Províncias Florísticas Euramericana e Cataísica. Apresentam-se permineralizados por sílica, com preservação celular, em depósitos fluviais que provavelmente foram controlados por estações secas e úmidas bem definidas. Diversos exemplares possuem ramos conectados ou tocos de ramos. Com base em suas características anatômicas e morfológicas, estão sendo propostas cinco novas espécies: Arthropitys isoramis e Arthropitys tabebuiensis apresentam cavidades medulares grandes, enquanto Arthropitys buritiranensis possui cavidade de dimensões médias; estas espécies possivelmente habitaram as margens dos rios; Arthropitys tocantinensis e Arthropitys barthelli apresentam cavidades das medulas muito pequenas com corpo secundário bastante maciço, interpretando-se que tenham ocupado áreas mais afastadas das drenagens, com substratos mais firmes. Um exemplar de Arthropitys isoramis, com 2.35 m de comprimento e 12 cm de diâmetro máximo, é o primeiro, em âmbito mundial, a preservar a raiz. Ao contrário das reconstruções clássicas do gênero, nas quais a raiz seria similar ao da esfenófita moderna Equisetum, o sistema radicular está disposto verticalmente e de modo contínuo em relação ao caule, formado por três eixos verticais e outros mais oblíquos. Arthropitys tabebuiensis assemelha-se significativamente a Arthropitys bistriata do Asseliano-Sakmariano de Chemnitz, Alemanha, o que corrobora outras evidências paleobotânicas desta idade para a Formação Motuca e sugere algum intercâmbio florístico entre a região da Bacia do Parnaíba e a Província Euramericana
Permian sphenophyte stems from the Parnaíba Basin are described in detail for the first time and classified into Arthopitys genera, previously known in the Euramerican and Cathaysian Floristic Province. They are silica-permineralized with cell preservation and were found in fluvial deposits, which originated under probable marked dry and wet seasons. Several specimens have connected branches or branch-stumps. Based on their anatomical and morphological characteristics, five new species are proposed: Arthropitys isoramis and Arthropitys tabebuiensis have large pith cavities whereas Arthropitys buritiranaensis show a little smaller pith; these species possibly lived at the river side sites. Arthropitys tocantinensis and Arthropitys barthelli have relatively small pith cavitys and massive secondary bodies, suggesting that they occupied distal areas, where the soil was more aggregate. One of the specimens of Arthropitys isoramis has 2.35 m long and 12 cm wide and present exceptional preservation, and is the first in global ambit to preserve an attached root. Differently from the traditional reconstructions based on the modern Equisetum, the studied specimen presents a vertical root which is continuous with respect to the stem, formed by three vertical axes and smaller more oblique axes. Arthropitys tabebuiensis is relatively similar to Arthropitys bistriata from the Asselian-Sakmarian interval in Chemnitz, Germany. This fact corroborates other paleobotanical evidence of this age to Motuca Formation suggesting that there were some floristic relationships with the Euramerican Province during the Permian
Permian sphenophyte stems from the Parnaíba Basin are described in detail for the first time and classified into Arthopitys genera, previously known in the Euramerican and Cathaysian Floristic Province. They are silica-permineralized with cell preservation and were found in fluvial deposits, which originated under probable marked dry and wet seasons. Several specimens have connected branches or branch-stumps. Based on their anatomical and morphological characteristics, five new species are proposed: Arthropitys isoramis and Arthropitys tabebuiensis have large pith cavities whereas Arthropitys buritiranaensis show a little smaller pith; these species possibly lived at the river side sites. Arthropitys tocantinensis and Arthropitys barthelli have relatively small pith cavitys and massive secondary bodies, suggesting that they occupied distal areas, where the soil was more aggregate. One of the specimens of Arthropitys isoramis has 2.35 m long and 12 cm wide and present exceptional preservation, and is the first in global ambit to preserve an attached root. Differently from the traditional reconstructions based on the modern Equisetum, the studied specimen presents a vertical root which is continuous with respect to the stem, formed by three vertical axes and smaller more oblique axes. Arthropitys tabebuiensis is relatively similar to Arthropitys bistriata from the Asselian-Sakmarian interval in Chemnitz, Germany. This fact corroborates other paleobotanical evidence of this age to Motuca Formation suggesting that there were some floristic relationships with the Euramerican Province during the Permian
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Paleobotany, Paleobotânica, Geologia estratigráfica - Permiano, Monumento Natural das Árvores Fossilizadas do Tocantins
Como citar
NEREGATO, Rodrigo. Esfenóitas do monumento natural das árvores fossilizadas do Tocantins, Bacia do Parnaíba (Permiano, Brasil). 2012. 189 f. Tese - (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas de Rio Claro, 2012.