Análise da utilização de cartas geotécnicas em diferentes escalas para a gestão ambiental de rodovia em operação
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Data
2008-10-17
Autores
Ridente Júnior, José Luís [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As rodovias são empreendimentos de grande extensão e de estreita faixa de terreno que promovem uma profunda alteração nas condições ambientais. Estas intervenções atravessam terrenos com diferentes características (geologia, geomorfologia, solos, florestas, etc.), onde ocorrem processos de erosão de diferentes naturezas e intensidades. Durante a sua implantação e operação, uma rodovia pode gerar uma série de impactos ambientais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar se é possível desenvolver instrumentos de gestão ambiental, por meio do estudo do meio físico, apresentado pela cartografia geotécnica em diferentes escalas, além de outros estudos dirigidos. As atividades de pesquisa foram desenvolvidas em trecho da Rodovia Marechal Rondon (SP 300), entre os municípios de Anhembi e Botucatu, no estado de São Paulo. Os estudos, utilizando o método do detalhamento progressivo, partiram da análise de mapas e cartas em escala regional (escala 1:1.000.000 e 1:500.000) e foram complementados pela elaboração de cartas geotécnicas nas escalas 1:50.000 e 1:10.000; esta última apenas para um segmento da rodovia, e por outros levantamentos específicos. Este trecho da rodovia atravessa diferentes compartimentos geomorfológicos, quais sejam: Depressão Periférica, Cuesta Basáltica (Serra de Botucatu) e Reverso da Cuesta. Paralelamente, desenvolveu-se uma análise sobre os Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental – SGA em organizações empreendedoras. Esta tarefa incluiu entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os responsáveis pelas áreas ambientais, bem como consultas a técnicos especialistas em meio ambiente de rodovias, utilizando-se de questionário. Como resultados da pesquisa, foram desenvolvidos os seguintes instrumentos que compõem um SGA: Caracterização de Impacto Ambiental, Auditoria Ambiental, Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas e Monitoramento Ambiental.
Roads structures covering a very long narrow strip of land that bring about significant alterations in naturally occurring environmental conditions. Such human interventions cross terrains with a variety of natural characteristics (geological, geomorphologic, soil, forests, etc.) where erosion processes of different nature and intensity occur in the physical environment. During its operational phase, the project may give rise to a series of environmental impacts. This study has been performed with the objective of evaluate that by means of an analysis of the physical environment, through the development of geotechnical maps in different scales, besides other studies conducted it is possible to develop environmental management instruments. The activities of this research were developed in case study of the “Rodovia Marechal Rondon” (SP 300 between the cities of Anhembi and Botucatu, in the state of São Paulo). These studies were based on maps in regional scales (1:1.000.000 and 1:500.000), using the progressive detailed method. They were complemented by the elaboration of geotechnical maps in scales 1:50.000 and 1:10.000; the last one was used for just one segment of the road, and for other specific surveys. This segment of the road crosses different geomorphologic compartments such as: Depressão Periférica, Cuesta Basáltica (Botucatu Mountains), and Reverso da cuesta. In parallel, a detailed analysis of the Environmental Management Systems – EMS was implemented by the developers responsible for such roads projects. This task includes interviews with those responsible for environmental areas, as well as consultations with specialists in environment aspects associated with such linear infrastructure projects, by means of questionnaires. As a result of this research, the following instruments to compose a EMS were developed: Characterization of the Environmental Impact, Environmental Audit, Recovering of the Degraded Areas.
Roads structures covering a very long narrow strip of land that bring about significant alterations in naturally occurring environmental conditions. Such human interventions cross terrains with a variety of natural characteristics (geological, geomorphologic, soil, forests, etc.) where erosion processes of different nature and intensity occur in the physical environment. During its operational phase, the project may give rise to a series of environmental impacts. This study has been performed with the objective of evaluate that by means of an analysis of the physical environment, through the development of geotechnical maps in different scales, besides other studies conducted it is possible to develop environmental management instruments. The activities of this research were developed in case study of the “Rodovia Marechal Rondon” (SP 300 between the cities of Anhembi and Botucatu, in the state of São Paulo). These studies were based on maps in regional scales (1:1.000.000 and 1:500.000), using the progressive detailed method. They were complemented by the elaboration of geotechnical maps in scales 1:50.000 and 1:10.000; the last one was used for just one segment of the road, and for other specific surveys. This segment of the road crosses different geomorphologic compartments such as: Depressão Periférica, Cuesta Basáltica (Botucatu Mountains), and Reverso da cuesta. In parallel, a detailed analysis of the Environmental Management Systems – EMS was implemented by the developers responsible for such roads projects. This task includes interviews with those responsible for environmental areas, as well as consultations with specialists in environment aspects associated with such linear infrastructure projects, by means of questionnaires. As a result of this research, the following instruments to compose a EMS were developed: Characterization of the Environmental Impact, Environmental Audit, Recovering of the Degraded Areas.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Engenharia ambiental, Gestão ambiental, Rodovias, Erosão, Cartas geotécnicas, Geotechnical maps, Environmental management, Erosion, Road
Como citar
RIDENTE JÚNIOR, José Luís. Análise da utilização de cartas geotécnicas em diferentes escalas para a gestão ambiental de rodovia em operação. 2008. 175 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2008.