Adubação mineral, orgânica e biodinâmica de yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poep & Endl): rendimento, qualidade e armazenamento
Carregando...
Data
2003
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adubação na produção, qualidade e conservação pós-colheita de yacon, foram instalados dois ciclos de cultivo na Fazenda Experimental Lageado da UNESP-Botucatu. Em ambos os cultivos, os tratamentos constaram de testemunha sem adubação (Test), adubações minerais NPK, com adição ou ausência de micronutrientes e parcelamento do K em três ou seis vezes, conforme o tratamento, adubações orgânicas com composto orgânico (Comp), composto biodinâmico (Biod) e vermicomposto (Verm). Em ambos os cultivos, a adubação orgânica apresentou eficiência similar à adubação mineral para as características massa fresca de raízes, altura das plantas, número de hastes e de raízes, teor de frutose e textura de raízes, destacando-se os tratamentos Biod, Verm, 'K3+M'. No primeiro cultivo, a adubação orgânica promoveu massa fresca de rizóforos e teores de proteína, cinza e fósforo superiores à adubação mineral. As raízes submetidas ao tratamento K3+M apresentaram teor de umidade significativamente superior àquelas dos tratamentos Biod e Verm no primeiro cultivo, e do Comp no segundo cultivo. Em póscolheita avaliaram-se raízes dos tratamentos K3+M, K3, Comp e Biod de ambos os cultivos. As raízes foram armazenadas durante duas épocas, em temperatura ambiente e em câmara fria, a 21,2 e 2l1oC, respectivamente, na primeira época, e a 25,3 e 4l1oC, respectivamente, na segunda época. O armazenamento em câmara fria reduziu a perda de massa e as atividades de peroxidase (POD) e polifenoloxidase (PPO) e manteve a aparência das raízes, quando comparado com o armazenamento em temperatura ambiente. Entretanto, ocorreram sintomas de dano pelo frio durante o armazenamento a 2oC, relacionados à maior atividade de POD e de PPO. Em ambas as épocas, as adubações orgânicas e mineral mostraram efeitos semelhantes na atividade... .
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on yield, quality and postharvest conservation of yacon roots. Thus, two yield experiments were carried out at the FCA-UNESP - University - Botucatu. In both experiments the treatments consisted in fertilization absence (Test), mineral fertilization NPK, with or without micronutrients and K shared at three or six times according to treatments, organic fertilization with compost (Comp), compost plus biodynamic compounds (Biod) and vermicompost (Verm). At harvest, there were no differences in roots fresh matter, plant height, numbers of steams and roots, fructose content and texture with organic and mineral fertilizers. The Biod, Verm and K3+M fertilizations showed better results than others. As far yield is concerned, in the first experiment, the organic fertilization, as compared to mineral fertilization, resulted in highest values of rizophores fresh matter, protein, ashes and phosphorus contents. K3+M treatment increased root moisture more than Biod and Verm at first experiment, and than Comp at the second one. Yacon roots of both yield experiments from K3+M, K3, Comp and Biod' treatments were stored during two different periods, under environmental conditions and refrigeration, at 21,2oC and 2l1oC, respectively, at first period, and at 25,3oC and 4l1oC, respectively, at second period. The refrigeration conditions resulted in reduction of weight loss, enzymes activities (POD and PPO) and even showed better appearance of yacon roots. However, yacon roots exposed to 2oC developed chilling injury symptoms, correlated with the high POD and POD activities at 2oC. During the storage periods, the POD activity was no different in roots grown using mineral or organic fertilizers, yet, mineral fertilization resulted in high PPO activity in roots stored under 21,2oC... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below).
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of fertilization on yield, quality and postharvest conservation of yacon roots. Thus, two yield experiments were carried out at the FCA-UNESP - University - Botucatu. In both experiments the treatments consisted in fertilization absence (Test), mineral fertilization NPK, with or without micronutrients and K shared at three or six times according to treatments, organic fertilization with compost (Comp), compost plus biodynamic compounds (Biod) and vermicompost (Verm). At harvest, there were no differences in roots fresh matter, plant height, numbers of steams and roots, fructose content and texture with organic and mineral fertilizers. The Biod, Verm and K3+M fertilizations showed better results than others. As far yield is concerned, in the first experiment, the organic fertilization, as compared to mineral fertilization, resulted in highest values of rizophores fresh matter, protein, ashes and phosphorus contents. K3+M treatment increased root moisture more than Biod and Verm at first experiment, and than Comp at the second one. Yacon roots of both yield experiments from K3+M, K3, Comp and Biod' treatments were stored during two different periods, under environmental conditions and refrigeration, at 21,2oC and 2l1oC, respectively, at first period, and at 25,3oC and 4l1oC, respectively, at second period. The refrigeration conditions resulted in reduction of weight loss, enzymes activities (POD and PPO) and even showed better appearance of yacon roots. However, yacon roots exposed to 2oC developed chilling injury symptoms, correlated with the high POD and POD activities at 2oC. During the storage periods, the POD activity was no different in roots grown using mineral or organic fertilizers, yet, mineral fertilization resulted in high PPO activity in roots stored under 21,2oC... (Complete abstract, click eletronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Adubação, Compostos organicos, Qualidade, Cultivos agricolas - Rendimento, Produtos agricolas - Armazenamento, Polymnia sonchifolia, mineral fertilization, compost, vermicompost, biodynamic compounds
Como citar
KRUGER, Fedra Gidget Quijano. Adubação mineral, orgânica e biodinâmica de yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poep & Endl): rendimento, qualidade e armazenamento. 2003. xv, 211 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.