Aplicação de água residuária tratada de suinocultura em solo cultivado com soja
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Data
2008-10-20
Autores
Smanhotto, Adriana [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os dejetos gerados pela suinocultura vem tendo atenção especial em razão dos problemas ambientais causados pela sua destinação inadequada. A principal alternativa para o descarte do dejeto líquido de suínos é sua disposição no solo como fonte de nutrientes às plantas, além de economizar custos com fertilização e água. No entanto, faz-se necessário o estabelecimento de critérios para embasar taxas de aplicação adequadas, levando em consideração condições de solo, clima e culturas cultivadas na região. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar possíveis efeitos da aplicação de diferentes taxas de água residuária de suinocultura (ARS) no solo e água percolada de lisímetros de drenagem, cultivados com soja. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido de 90 m2, no Núcleo Experimental de Engenharia Agrícola da UNIOESTE, cujo solo foi classificado como Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico. Na área de implantação havia vinte e quatro lisímetros de drenagem onde foi semeada soja, cultivar CD 202. Foram aplicadas ao solo quatro taxas de ARS (0; 100; 200 e 300 m3 ha-1 no ciclo), combinadas com duas adubações na semeadura (com adição e sem adição da adubação recomendada na semeadura), em três repetições por tratamento, divididas em seis aplicações ao longo do ciclo da soja. Fez-se irrigações de acordo com a precipitação média ocorrida no período, quinzenalmente, resultando em seis coletas do material percolado no qual foi determinado pH, nitrogênio total, nitrato, nitrito, fósforo, potássio, cobre e zinco. Realizou-se três coletas de solo em cada parcela experimental, antes da semeadura, aos 59 dias após a semeadura (DAS) e ao final do ciclo da soja. Determinou-se o pH, matéria orgânica, capacidade de troca catiônica, nitrogênio total, nitrato, fósforo, potássio, cobre e zinco no solo. O delineamento experimental...
Waste generated by swine has called special attention due to environmental problems caused by its inadequate disposal. A main alternative for the discarding of swine wastewater is its disposition in the soil as plant nutrient source, saving on fertilizing and water. However, it became necessary the establishment of criteria to ascertain adequate application rates taking in consideration soil condition, climate, and cultures planted in the region. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the possible effects in applying different rates of swine wastewater (ARS) in the soil, and drainage lysimeter lixiviated water cultivated with soybeans. The experiment was conducted in a 90-m2 protect environment at UNIOESTE`s Agricultural Engineering Experimental Nucleus, which soil was classified as Distroferic Red Latosoil (oxisol). The implanted area contained twenty-four lysimeters of drainage where the soy cultivar CD 202 was sown. Four rates of ARS were applied (0; 100; 200 e 300 m3 ha-1 in the cycle) combined with two fertilizing at sewing (with and without added fertilizing recommended at sewing), repeated three times per treatment, divided in six application throughout the cultivar cycle. Irrigation was performed every fifteen days according to the average precipitation during that period resulting in six samplings of the lixiviated material from which pH, total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorous, potassium, copper, and zinc content was determined. Three soil samples, from each experimental parcel, were taken; one at sewing, another 59 days after sewing (DAS), and the last one at the final cycle of the cultivar. Organic matter, pH, cationic exchange capacity, total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorous, potassium, copper, and zinc in soil were determined. The experiment delimitation was done in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Waste generated by swine has called special attention due to environmental problems caused by its inadequate disposal. A main alternative for the discarding of swine wastewater is its disposition in the soil as plant nutrient source, saving on fertilizing and water. However, it became necessary the establishment of criteria to ascertain adequate application rates taking in consideration soil condition, climate, and cultures planted in the region. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate the possible effects in applying different rates of swine wastewater (ARS) in the soil, and drainage lysimeter lixiviated water cultivated with soybeans. The experiment was conducted in a 90-m2 protect environment at UNIOESTE`s Agricultural Engineering Experimental Nucleus, which soil was classified as Distroferic Red Latosoil (oxisol). The implanted area contained twenty-four lysimeters of drainage where the soy cultivar CD 202 was sown. Four rates of ARS were applied (0; 100; 200 e 300 m3 ha-1 in the cycle) combined with two fertilizing at sewing (with and without added fertilizing recommended at sewing), repeated three times per treatment, divided in six application throughout the cultivar cycle. Irrigation was performed every fifteen days according to the average precipitation during that period resulting in six samplings of the lixiviated material from which pH, total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorous, potassium, copper, and zinc content was determined. Three soil samples, from each experimental parcel, were taken; one at sewing, another 59 days after sewing (DAS), and the last one at the final cycle of the cultivar. Organic matter, pH, cationic exchange capacity, total nitrogen, nitrate, phosphorous, potassium, copper, and zinc in soil were determined. The experiment delimitation was done in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agua - Uso, Lixiviação, Contaminação ambiental, Lisimetro, Multivariate analyses, Variation coefficients, Indexes of sustainable development, Rural settlements
Como citar
SMANHOTTO, Adriana. Aplicação de água residuária tratada de suinocultura em solo cultivado com soja. 2008. xiii, 121 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.