Concordância verbal e variação: um estudo descritivo-comparativo do português brasileiro e do português europeu
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Data
2012-11-05
Autores
Monte, Alexandre [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo geral deste trabalho é descrever a variação na concordância verbal de terceira pessoa do plural no português brasileiro (PB) e no português europeu (PE) e discutir o estatuto dessa variação nas duas variedades. É um estudo norteado pelos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Teoria da Variação e Mudança Linguística (WEINREICH, LABOV & HERZOG, 1968; LABOV, 1972, 1994, 2001, 2003). Por meio de um estudo empírico e sincrônico, analisamos a variação na concordância verbal de terceira pessoa do plural na fala de 18 pessoas residentes na cidade de São Carlos, localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo/Brasil, e na fala de 18 pessoas residentes na cidade de Évora, situada no Alentejo, sul de Portugal. Essas pessoas foram estratificadas em função do sexo e nível de escolaridade. Os nossos resultados revelam uma significativa diferença quantitativa entre as duas variedades. No PB, com 48,2% (686/1.422) de concordância verbal, o fenômeno se configura como uma regra variável. Já no PE, com 93,1% (1.340/1.440) de concordância verbal, a regra parece ter status semicategórico. Para o tratamento estatístico dos dados, utilizamos o programa Goldvarb-X, que realiza uma análise multivariada. Na variedade brasileira, todos os grupos de fatores linguísticos e sociais controlados foram atuantes: escolaridade, saliência fônica verbal, tipo estrutural do sujeito/SN, paralelismo formal no nível oracional, gênero/sexo, posição do sujeito/SN em relação ao verbo, traço semântico do sujeito/SN, tipo de verbo (verbo ‘ser’ versus outros verbos), distância entre o sujeito/SN e o verbo em número de sílabas e presença ou ausência do ‘que’ relativo ou complementizador. Na variedade europeia, foram apenas seis os grupos de fatores selecionados: posição do sujeito/SN em relação ao verbo, traço semântico do sujeito/SN, tipo estrutural...
The main objective of this thesis is to describe the variation in third-person plural verb agreement in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) and European Portuguese (EP) and discuss the statute of this variation in both varieties. The study is guided by the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Theory of Language Variation and Change (WEINREICH, LABOV & HERZOG, 1968; LABOV, 1972, 1994, 2001, 2003). Through an empirical and synchronic study, we analyzed the variation in third-person plural verb agreement in the speech of 18 people who live in São Carlos, a city in the state of São Paulo/Brazil, and in the speech of 18 inhabitants of Évora, a city located in Alentejo, southern Portugal. These people were stratified by gender and educational level. Our results show a significant quantitative difference between the two varieties. In BP, with 48.2% (686/1.422) of verb agreement, the phenomenon is a variable rule. On the other hand, in EP, with 93.1% (1.340/1.440) of verb agreement, the rule seems to have a semi-categorical status. For the statistical treatment of the data, we used the Goldvarb-X program, which performs a multivariate analysis. In the Brazilian variety, all groups of linguistic and social factors included were active: schooling, verbal phonic salience, subject/NP structural type, formal parallelism in clause level, gender/sex, position of the subject/NP in relation to the verb, subject/NP semantic feature, type of verb ('to be' and others), distance between subject/NP and verb in number of syllables and presence or absence of the relative or complementizer 'que' (that/who/which). In the European variety, only six groups of factors were selected: position of the subject/NP in relation to the verb, subject/NP semantic feature, subject/NP structural type, type of verb ('to be' and others), verbal phonic salience and gender/sex... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The main objective of this thesis is to describe the variation in third-person plural verb agreement in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) and European Portuguese (EP) and discuss the statute of this variation in both varieties. The study is guided by the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Theory of Language Variation and Change (WEINREICH, LABOV & HERZOG, 1968; LABOV, 1972, 1994, 2001, 2003). Through an empirical and synchronic study, we analyzed the variation in third-person plural verb agreement in the speech of 18 people who live in São Carlos, a city in the state of São Paulo/Brazil, and in the speech of 18 inhabitants of Évora, a city located in Alentejo, southern Portugal. These people were stratified by gender and educational level. Our results show a significant quantitative difference between the two varieties. In BP, with 48.2% (686/1.422) of verb agreement, the phenomenon is a variable rule. On the other hand, in EP, with 93.1% (1.340/1.440) of verb agreement, the rule seems to have a semi-categorical status. For the statistical treatment of the data, we used the Goldvarb-X program, which performs a multivariate analysis. In the Brazilian variety, all groups of linguistic and social factors included were active: schooling, verbal phonic salience, subject/NP structural type, formal parallelism in clause level, gender/sex, position of the subject/NP in relation to the verb, subject/NP semantic feature, type of verb ('to be' and others), distance between subject/NP and verb in number of syllables and presence or absence of the relative or complementizer 'que' (that/who/which). In the European variety, only six groups of factors were selected: position of the subject/NP in relation to the verb, subject/NP semantic feature, subject/NP structural type, type of verb ('to be' and others), verbal phonic salience and gender/sex... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Língua portuguesa, Linguística, Lingua portuguesa - Concordancia, Portuguese language
Como citar
MONTE, Alexandre. Concordância verbal e variação: um estudo descritivo-comparativo do português brasileiro e do português europeu. 2012. 171 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2012.