Caracterização limnológica e microbiológica do córrego rico que abastece Jaboticabal (SP)
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Data
2009-03-18
Autores
Zanini, Helen Lira Henriques Torres [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Foi avaliada a qualidade da água do Córrego Rico, utilizada para abastecimento da cidade de Jaboticabal, quanto aos aspectos limnológicos e microbiológicos, índice de qualidade de água (IQA) e o índice de estado trófico médio (IETm) em três pontos: nascente (CR1); após o lançamento do efluente da estação de tratamento de esgoto de Monte Alto e de uma granja de suínos (CR2) e na captação de água para abastecimento, à jusante da confluência com o Córrego Tijuco (CR3). As variáveis analisadas foram: pH, temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, turbidez, nitrogênio total, fósforo total, ortofosfato, nitrato, nitrito, amônia, clorofila-a, DBO5, colifomes totais, E. coli, condutividade elétrica, sólidos suspensos totais e sólidos dissolvidos totais. As coletas foram realizadas quinzenalmente durante setembro de 2007 a agosto de 2008, envolvendo períodos de seca e chuva, concluindo-se: a) Com exceção da nascente, a água é de má qualidade em relação a aspectos microbiológicos, pois coliformes totais e E. coli ultrapassaram os limites exigidos para rios de classe 2, para a maioria dos meses de estiagem; b) As atividades agrícolas e urbanas no entorno do Córrego influenciaram negativamente na qualidade da água, alterando os parâmetros clorofila-a, DBO5, amônia, ortofosfato e fósforo total; c) Os valores médios de IQA nos três pontos apresentaram relação direta com os valores médios de IETm, porém ocorreu maior discriminação da qualidade da água pelo IETm, identificando diferentes graus de trofia para os pontos e períodos de amostragens; d) O IQA apresentou melhor diferenciação da qualidade da água entre pontos no período seco e o IETm diferenciou melhor no período chuvoso; e) A autodepuração e, ou a confluência do Córrego Tijuco com o Córrego Rico contribuem para melhor qualidade da água no ponto CR3, tornando-a adequada ao abastecimento urbano após tratamento convencional.
Water quality of Rico stream which supplies the town of Jaboticabal SP Brazil with fresh water has been evaluated with regard to limnological and microbiological aspects, water quality indexes (WQI) and trophic state index (TSI), at three sites. These comprise source site (CR1); a site after the release of effluent from the town of Monte Alto sewage treatment station and a pig farm (CR2); and a site downstream of the confluence with Tijuco Stream, at the water receiving-supply station (CR3). Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, DBO5, total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, conductivity, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids were the analyzed variables. Collection was undertaken fortnightly, from September 2007 to August 2008, during the dry and rainy seasons. Through the results it was concluded: a) Except for the source of the stream, the water is of poor quality for microbiological aspects, as Escherichia coli and total coliforms exceed the limits required for rivers of Class 2, for most months of drought; b) The urban and agricultural activities around the Rico Stream adversely affect water quality, changing the parameters chlorophyll-a, BOD5, ammonia, orthophosphate and total phosphorus; c) The average values of IQA of tree points showed a direct relationship with the average values of mTSI, but there was greater discrimination of water quality by mTSI, identifying different trophic degrees for points and periods of sampling; d) The WQI showed better differentiation between the quality of water for points in dry season and the mTSI showed better differentiation in rainy season; e) The natural depuration process and the confluence of Tijuco Stream contribute to better water quality in CR3 point, making it suitable for urban supply after conventional treatment.
Water quality of Rico stream which supplies the town of Jaboticabal SP Brazil with fresh water has been evaluated with regard to limnological and microbiological aspects, water quality indexes (WQI) and trophic state index (TSI), at three sites. These comprise source site (CR1); a site after the release of effluent from the town of Monte Alto sewage treatment station and a pig farm (CR2); and a site downstream of the confluence with Tijuco Stream, at the water receiving-supply station (CR3). Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, chlorophyll-a, DBO5, total coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, conductivity, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids were the analyzed variables. Collection was undertaken fortnightly, from September 2007 to August 2008, during the dry and rainy seasons. Through the results it was concluded: a) Except for the source of the stream, the water is of poor quality for microbiological aspects, as Escherichia coli and total coliforms exceed the limits required for rivers of Class 2, for most months of drought; b) The urban and agricultural activities around the Rico Stream adversely affect water quality, changing the parameters chlorophyll-a, BOD5, ammonia, orthophosphate and total phosphorus; c) The average values of IQA of tree points showed a direct relationship with the average values of mTSI, but there was greater discrimination of water quality by mTSI, identifying different trophic degrees for points and periods of sampling; d) The WQI showed better differentiation between the quality of water for points in dry season and the mTSI showed better differentiation in rainy season; e) The natural depuration process and the confluence of Tijuco Stream contribute to better water quality in CR3 point, making it suitable for urban supply after conventional treatment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Abastecimento de água, Água - Qualidade, Limnologia, Microbiologia, Índice de estado trófico, Water supply, Trophic state index, Water quality index, Limnology, microbiology
Como citar
ZANINI, Helen Lira Henriques Torres. Caracterização limnológica e microbiológica do córrego rico que abastece Jaboticabal (SP). 2009. v, 75 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2009.