Morfoanatomia e histoquímica de órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trecul (Moraceae)
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Data
2006-07-21
Autores
Jacomassi, Ezilda [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O cerrado brasileiro, em termos de dimensão, representa o segundo maior bioma nacional com uma riquíssima flora medicinal. No entanto, a maioria das espécies ainda carece de estudos, considerando-se o número de espécies existentes. Entre as espécies medicinais mais utilizadas e industrialmente exploradas, destaca-se Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae), conhecida popularmente como mamacadela. Amplamente distribuída no país, B. gaudichaudii é uma árvore de pequeno porte com produção abundante de látex, cuja casca do caule e raiz é empregadas no tratamento do vitiligo. Estas partes da planta apresentam duas furanocumarinas, o bergapteno e psoraleno, responsáveis pela ação farmacológica da espécie. Apesar de tratar-se de uma espécie tão comum nos cerrados brasileiros, com grande valor na medicina tradicional e na indústria de medicamentos, poucos trabalhos relacionados aos estudos botânicos são encontrados em literatura. Desta forma, considerando a importância, somada a escassez de trabalhos literários, o objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a morfologia, a anatomia e a histoquímica dos órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos de B. gaudichauddi. O material botânico foi coletado na Estação Ecológica do Cerrado de Campo Mourão, região noroeste do Paraná, e posteriormente processado segundo as técnicas usuais para anatomia, histoquímica e ultraestrutrura vegetal. B. gaudichaudii apresenta embrião do tipo total e invaginado e plântula criptohipogéia; o sistema radicular do tirodendro é composto por raiz primária nem sempre desenvolvida quando então outras raízes, originadas provavelmente do hipocótilo, apresentam maior porte. As raízes gemíferas são longas, plagiotrópicas, originando ramos aéreos, situando-se aproximadamente entre 10 a 30 cm de profundidade, onde as de maior diâmetro...
The brazilian savannah represents the second biggest national biome with a huge diversity of medicinal flora. However, considering the number of existing species, the major part of them still need to be more studied. Among the most used species with medicinal and industrial interest is B. gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae), also known as mamacadela. Extensive distributed in the country, B. gaudichaudii is a small size tree with abundant latex production, which the stem and root bark are used on vitiligo treatment. These plant organs contain two furanocumarins, the bergapen and psoralen which are responsible by the pharmacological activity of the specie. In spite of to be an ordinary species on brazilian savannah with a great value on popular medicine and pharmaceutical industry, there are few works on literature relative to its botanical studies. In this way, considering the importance of this species in addition to scarce literature data, we present this study to characterize the morphology, the anatomy and the histochemistry of vegetative and reproductive organs of B. gaudichauddi. The botanical material were collected at Estação Ecológica do Cerrado de Campo Mourão, northwest of Paraná State, and lately processed by usual techniques for vegetal anatomy, histochemistry and ultra structure analisis. B. gaudichaudii presents the embryo of both total type and invaginate and the seedling is crypto-hypogeal; the tirodendro s radicular system is composed by a primary root not always developed compared to the other roots that are probably originated of hypocotyl which present big size. The shoot bud-forming roots are long, plagiotropics origining with air branch situate between 10 to 30 cm depth, which the ones that have major diameter constitute the mainly or sometimes the only radicular system for maintenance and growth of the steam branch. These roots present periderm with phellem formed by several layers which easily detach on handle.
The brazilian savannah represents the second biggest national biome with a huge diversity of medicinal flora. However, considering the number of existing species, the major part of them still need to be more studied. Among the most used species with medicinal and industrial interest is B. gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae), also known as mamacadela. Extensive distributed in the country, B. gaudichaudii is a small size tree with abundant latex production, which the stem and root bark are used on vitiligo treatment. These plant organs contain two furanocumarins, the bergapen and psoralen which are responsible by the pharmacological activity of the specie. In spite of to be an ordinary species on brazilian savannah with a great value on popular medicine and pharmaceutical industry, there are few works on literature relative to its botanical studies. In this way, considering the importance of this species in addition to scarce literature data, we present this study to characterize the morphology, the anatomy and the histochemistry of vegetative and reproductive organs of B. gaudichauddi. The botanical material were collected at Estação Ecológica do Cerrado de Campo Mourão, northwest of Paraná State, and lately processed by usual techniques for vegetal anatomy, histochemistry and ultra structure analisis. B. gaudichaudii presents the embryo of both total type and invaginate and the seedling is crypto-hypogeal; the tirodendro s radicular system is composed by a primary root not always developed compared to the other roots that are probably originated of hypocotyl which present big size. The shoot bud-forming roots are long, plagiotropics origining with air branch situate between 10 to 30 cm depth, which the ones that have major diameter constitute the mainly or sometimes the only radicular system for maintenance and growth of the steam branch. These roots present periderm with phellem formed by several layers which easily detach on handle.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Botânica - Morfologia, Anatomia vegetal, Mamacadela, B. gaudichauddi
Como citar
JACOMASSI, Ezilda. Morfoanatomia e histoquímica de órgãos vegetativos e reprodutivos de Brosimum gaudichaudii Trecul (Moraceae). 2006. 73 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2006.