Identificação de genótipos superiores para crescimento e qualidade de carcaça em bovinos de corte submetidos ao modelo biológico superprecose
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Data
2005-08
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Sistema de Produção de Novilhos Superprecoces é considerado hoje o único sistema padronizado de produção de bovinos de corte, em prática no Brasil, que prediz a qualidade total dos produtos cárneos e seus sub-produtos. Tal sistema permite obter animais jovens, em torno de um ano, prontos para o abate, com terminação adequada de cobertura de gordura na carcaça. Atualmente as técnicas de genética molecular permitem identificar e clonar genes responsáveis pela síntese de proteínas que atuam nas vias metabólicas relacionadas ao crescimento animal e partição de nutrientes para os diferentes tecidos auxiliando o melhoramento genético. Considerando a importância do efeito dos genes do Hormônio do Crescimento e seu receptor, Leptina, STAT5A, Calpaína e Calpastatina no metabolismo animal, buscou-se neste trabalho estudar 9 polimorfismos genéticos e verificar a existência de associação com os índices mais importantes de crescimento, características de carcaça e qualidade de carne de bovinos submetidos ao Sistema Superprecoce, durante três sucessivos anos de confinamento experimental. Para tanto, foram avaliados 500 animais para os polimorfismos do GH/AluI e GHRm, e 300 animais para o restante dos polimorfismos gênicos. Os animais foram desmamados aos sete meses de idade em sistema creep-feeding e posteriormente submetidos a confinamento por 120 dias. Os polimorfismos foram analisados pela técnica PCR-RFLP e STR. O efeito dos genótipos sobre as características estudadas foi analisado utilizando-se o procedimento GLM (SAS) e as médias dos quadrados mínimos dos genótipos comparadas pelo teste de Tukey. As características mais importantes do crescimento foram influenciadas significativamente pelos polimorfismos do GH/DdeI, GHR/StuI, LEPT/Kpn2I, STAT5A/DdeI e CAPN2/HhaI (P<0,01). As características de carcaça foram associadas significativamente com os polimorfismos...
The Novilho Superprecoce System is considered the only beef cattle production system in Brazil that determines the total quality of meat products and by-products. The animals were slaughtered at one year old with appropriate carcass backfat. The molecular genetics studies have resulted in the identification of genes with a key role in the determination of production traits, improving the animal breeding. Considering the importance of Growth Hormone, GH receptor, Leptin, STAT5A, Calpain and Calpastatin genes at the animal metabolism, the objectives of this work were the study of 9 genes polymorphisms on the DNA sequence and their associations with the most important growth, carcass and meat quality traits of beef cattle raised at the Superprecoce System, during three years consecutives of feedlot. A total of 500 animals to the GH/AluI and GHRm polymorphisms, and 300 animals to the remaining genes polymorphisms were analyzed. The animals were weaned at 7 months old at the creepfeeding and raised at the feedlot system for 120 days. The polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and STR methodology. The genotype effects at the traits were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS and the least square means of the genotypes were compared by Tukey test. The most important growth traits were influenced by GH/DdeI, GHR/StuI, LEPT/Kpn2I, STAT5A/DdeI and CAPN2/HhaI genes polymorphisms (P<0,01). The carcass traits were associated with GHR/StuI,LEPT/Kpn2I and CAPN2/HhaI genes polymorphisms (P<0,01). Nevertheless, just tenderness, of the meat quality traits, showed a significant relationship with the GHRm microssatelite, LEPT/Kpn2I and CAPN2/HhaI polymorphisms (P<0,01)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The Novilho Superprecoce System is considered the only beef cattle production system in Brazil that determines the total quality of meat products and by-products. The animals were slaughtered at one year old with appropriate carcass backfat. The molecular genetics studies have resulted in the identification of genes with a key role in the determination of production traits, improving the animal breeding. Considering the importance of Growth Hormone, GH receptor, Leptin, STAT5A, Calpain and Calpastatin genes at the animal metabolism, the objectives of this work were the study of 9 genes polymorphisms on the DNA sequence and their associations with the most important growth, carcass and meat quality traits of beef cattle raised at the Superprecoce System, during three years consecutives of feedlot. A total of 500 animals to the GH/AluI and GHRm polymorphisms, and 300 animals to the remaining genes polymorphisms were analyzed. The animals were weaned at 7 months old at the creepfeeding and raised at the feedlot system for 120 days. The polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and STR methodology. The genotype effects at the traits were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS and the least square means of the genotypes were compared by Tukey test. The most important growth traits were influenced by GH/DdeI, GHR/StuI, LEPT/Kpn2I, STAT5A/DdeI and CAPN2/HhaI genes polymorphisms (P<0,01). The carcass traits were associated with GHR/StuI,LEPT/Kpn2I and CAPN2/HhaI genes polymorphisms (P<0,01). Nevertheless, just tenderness, of the meat quality traits, showed a significant relationship with the GHRm microssatelite, LEPT/Kpn2I and CAPN2/HhaI polymorphisms (P<0,01)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino de corte, Carne bovina, Polimorfismo (Genetica), Bovino de corte - Raças, Bovino de corte - Carcaças, Bovine, Carcass
Como citar
SUGUISAWA, Liliane. Identificação de genótipos superiores para crescimento e qualidade de carcaça em bovinos de corte submetidos ao modelo biológico superprecose. 2005. xiv, 105 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista , Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 2005.