Eletromiografia do músculo quadríceps durante reflexo patelar em gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia
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Data
2008-04-29
Autores
Mantovani, Paula Regina [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A hipertensão arterial é a complicação clínica mais freqüente da gestação sendo a principal causa de mortalidade materna no Brasil. Entre suas formas de manifestação está a pré-eclâmpsia, cuja etiologia é desconhecida e a fisiopatologia não está totalmente esclarecida. É causa de alterações em todo o organismo materno, destacando as manifestações no sistema nervoso central (SNC). Uma das formas de verificar e acompanhar esse comprometimento do SNC é o exame simplificado de reflexo profundo do tendão. Para avaliar o comprometimento a nível periférico do SNC, o presente trabalho propôs a realização da eletromiografia (EMG) do músculo quadríceps femoral (vasto medial - VM e vasto lateral – VL), no momento em que é estimulado artificialmente o reflexo patelar com um martelo de exame neurológico. A atividade elétrica dos músculos VM e VL foi registrada pelo aparelho MyoTrac com dois canais, conectado a um notebook da marca Toshiba. Foram estudadas 21 gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia (grupo PE) comparadas com 20 gestantes normais (grupo NL). Os resultados obtidos comparando os dois grupos foram estatisticamente significativos para o músculo VL, com valores menores encontrados no grupo PE (38,72 μV x 71,72 μV). Comparando as avaliações do grupo PE durante a gestação, 24 e 48 horas após o parto, os valores foram menores durante a gestação (38,72 x 73,35 x 71,85 respectivamente). O presente estudo concluiu que em gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia a atividade elétrica do músculo vasto lateral está diminuída, mostrando estar comprometida por essa ocorrência. Entretanto, após a resolução da gestação esse comprometimento não é mais observado.
Arterial hypertension is the more frequent clinical complication of the gestation being the main cause of mortality maternal in Brazil. It enters its forms of manifestation is the daily pre-eclâmpsia, whose aetiology is unknown and the pathophysiology is not clarified completaly. It is cause of alterations in all maternal organism, detaching the manifestations in the central nervous system (CNS). One of the forms to verify and to follow this affecting of the CNS is the simplified examination of deep tendon reflex. To evaluate the affecting the peripheral level of the CNS, the present work considered the accomplishment of the electromyography (EMG) of the muscle quadriceps femoris (vastus medialis - VM and vastus lateralis - VL), at the moment where the artificially stimulated to patellar reflexes with a hammer of neurological examination. The electric activity of muscles VM and VL was registered for the MyoTrac device with two canals, connected to notebook of the Toshiba . 21 pregnancies with daily preeclampsia (group PE) compared with 20 normal pregnancies had been studied (group NL). The gotten results comparing the two groups had been statistical significant for muscle VL, with lesser values found in the group PE (38,72 μV x 71,72 μV). Comparing the evaluations of the group PE during the gestation, 24 and 48 hours after the childbirth, the values had been lesser during the gestation (38,72 73,35 x x 71,85 respectively). The present study it concluded that in carrying pregnancy of daily preeclampsia the electric activity of the vastu lateralis muscle is diminished, showing to be engaged for this occurrence. However, after the resolution of the gestation this affecting is not observed.
Arterial hypertension is the more frequent clinical complication of the gestation being the main cause of mortality maternal in Brazil. It enters its forms of manifestation is the daily pre-eclâmpsia, whose aetiology is unknown and the pathophysiology is not clarified completaly. It is cause of alterations in all maternal organism, detaching the manifestations in the central nervous system (CNS). One of the forms to verify and to follow this affecting of the CNS is the simplified examination of deep tendon reflex. To evaluate the affecting the peripheral level of the CNS, the present work considered the accomplishment of the electromyography (EMG) of the muscle quadriceps femoris (vastus medialis - VM and vastus lateralis - VL), at the moment where the artificially stimulated to patellar reflexes with a hammer of neurological examination. The electric activity of muscles VM and VL was registered for the MyoTrac device with two canals, connected to notebook of the Toshiba . 21 pregnancies with daily preeclampsia (group PE) compared with 20 normal pregnancies had been studied (group NL). The gotten results comparing the two groups had been statistical significant for muscle VL, with lesser values found in the group PE (38,72 μV x 71,72 μV). Comparing the evaluations of the group PE during the gestation, 24 and 48 hours after the childbirth, the values had been lesser during the gestation (38,72 73,35 x x 71,85 respectively). The present study it concluded that in carrying pregnancy of daily preeclampsia the electric activity of the vastu lateralis muscle is diminished, showing to be engaged for this occurrence. However, after the resolution of the gestation this affecting is not observed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Gravidez - Complicações e sequelas, Hipertensão na gravidez, Pré-eclâmpsia, Quadríceps, Eletromiografia
Como citar
MANTOVANI, Paula Regina. Eletromiografia do músculo quadríceps durante reflexo patelar em gestantes portadoras de pré-eclâmpsia. 2008. 67 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2008.