Características físicas e químicas de frutos de maracujazeiro-amarelo enxertado em três porta-enxertos
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Data
2011-09-01
Autores
Cavichioli, José Carlos
Corrêa, Luiz de Souza [UNESP]
Boliani, Aparecida Conceição [UNESP]
Santos, Pedro César dos [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
O mercado de frutas frescas do maracujá-amarelo valoriza a qualidade interna e externa dos frutos. Assim, este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do porta-enxerto e do tipo de enxertia na qualidade dos frutos de maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims). O experimento foi conduzido no município de Adamantina-SP, no período de abril de 2006 a junho de 2007, adotando-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 1 tratamento adicional, com quatro repetições. Os porta-enxertos avaliados foram: P. edulis (maracujá-amarelo), P. alata (maracujá-doce) e P. gibertii (maracujá-giberti), em dois tipos de enxertia: hipocotiledonar e convencional por garfagem tipo fenda cheia e um tratamento adicional, sem enxertia. Utilizou-se como copa o maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis Sims). Avaliaram-se o comprimento, o diâmetro, a massa fresca e a classificação dos frutos no período de novembro de 2006 a abril de 2007, a massa e a espessura da casca dos frutos, o rendimento do suco, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), a acidez total titulável (ATT) e o ratio (SST/ATT) dos frutos no mês de dezembro de 2006. O diâmetro e a massa fresca de frutos obtidos de plantas enxertadas sobre P. gibertii foram inferiores em relação aos de plantas pé-franco e aos de plantas enxertadas sobre P. alata. Os maiores comprimentos de frutos foram encontrados em plantas não enxertadas. Os porta-enxertos utilizados não influenciaram no teor de SST, na ATT e no ratio. O método de enxertia não interfere no diâmetro, no comprimento, na massa fresca dos frutos, na massa e na espessura da casca, no rendimento do suco e no teor de SST.
The fresh fruit market of yellow passion fruit values the quality of internal and external fruits. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rootstocks and type of grafting in quality of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The experiment was carried in Adamantina, SP, Brazil, from April 2006 to June 2007, adopting the experimental design in randomized blocks in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme and an additional treatment, with four replicates. The studied rootstocks were: P. edulis (yellow passion fruit), P. alata (sweet passion fruit) and P. gibertii (giberti passion fruit), in two types of grafting, hypocotyledonary and conventional, by cleft grafting method and one additional treatment, no grafted. The evaluated variables were: fruits length, diameter, fresh mass and classification from November 2006 to April 2007, the mass and the thickness of the peel of fruits, juice yield, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity of fruits (TA) and total soluble solid/titratable acidity relation (TSS/TA) in December 2006. The fruits diameter and mass obtained of rootstock plants on P. gibertii were inferior in no grafted plants and in plants of rootstock on P. alata. The bigger fruits lengths were obtained in no grafted plants. The different rootstocks did not promote difference in the TSS, TA and ratio. The grafting method did not affect the fruits length, diameter and mass, the mass and thickness of the peel, the juice yield and the TSS.
The fresh fruit market of yellow passion fruit values the quality of internal and external fruits. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rootstocks and type of grafting in quality of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The experiment was carried in Adamantina, SP, Brazil, from April 2006 to June 2007, adopting the experimental design in randomized blocks in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme and an additional treatment, with four replicates. The studied rootstocks were: P. edulis (yellow passion fruit), P. alata (sweet passion fruit) and P. gibertii (giberti passion fruit), in two types of grafting, hypocotyledonary and conventional, by cleft grafting method and one additional treatment, no grafted. The evaluated variables were: fruits length, diameter, fresh mass and classification from November 2006 to April 2007, the mass and the thickness of the peel of fruits, juice yield, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity of fruits (TA) and total soluble solid/titratable acidity relation (TSS/TA) in December 2006. The fruits diameter and mass obtained of rootstock plants on P. gibertii were inferior in no grafted plants and in plants of rootstock on P. alata. The bigger fruits lengths were obtained in no grafted plants. The different rootstocks did not promote difference in the TSS, TA and ratio. The grafting method did not affect the fruits length, diameter and mass, the mass and thickness of the peel, the juice yield and the TSS.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
maracujá-amarelo, Passifloraceae, qualidade dos frutos, yellow passion fruit, Passifloraceae, fruit quality
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 33, n. 3, p. 906-914, 2011.