Qualidade de manejo e temperamento de bovinos: efeitos na eficiência reprodutiva de fêmeas submetidas a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo
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Data
2012-11-13
Autores
Rueda, Paola Moretti [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa foi dividida em três estudos: O estudo 1 teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do condicionamento operante com reforço positivo no temperamento de novilhas da raça Nelore. Foram utilizadas 170 novilhas da raça Nelore com idade média de 20,0±2,6 meses. Foram realizadas três avaliações, a primeira antes de iniciar o protocolo de condicionamento e após 60 (quando o protocolo de condicionamento foi finalizado) e 74 dias. A reatividade dos bovinos foi avaliada com o escore de tronco (ET) e a velocidade de fuga (VF). Foi realizada também a avaliação qualitativa do comportamento (QBA). Com base em ET foram definidas quatro classes de aprendizagem, quais sejam: (1) desejável, (2) aceitável, (3) inconstante e (4) indesejável. A VF média na primeira avaliação foi de 4,02±1,00 m/s, reduzindo para 2,88±0,6 e 2,90±1,07m, na segunda e terceira avaçiações, respectivamente. ET apresentou o mesmo padrão de distribuição que VF, com médias de 3,12±0,05; 2,92±0,05; 2,88±0,05; para cada uma das três avaiações. Não foi encontrado efeito das classes de aprendizagem na expressão dos descritores da análise qualitativa do comportamento (QBA). Concluiu-se que o protocolo de condicionamento foi eficiente em diminuir a reatividade dos animais. O objetivo do segundo estudo foi avaliar o efeito do condicionamento com reforço positivo no temperamento e na taxa de prenhez de novilhas. Foram utilizadas 46 novilhas, sendo 24 da raça Nelore e 22 cruzadas, com idade média de 24,94±3,49 meses. As novilhas foram distribuidas em dois grupos experimentais – condicionadas (C) e não condicionadas (NC). Para este estudo foram utilizados três escores visuais para avaliação do temperamento – movimentação (MOV), tensão (T) e ET, além da VF. Os testes foram aplicados em cinco momentos distintos: antes do início do protocolo...
This research was divided in three studies: The first one aimed to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning with positive reinforcement on the Nellore heifers temperament; the study was.carried out with 170 Nellore heifers with 20.0±2.6 months of age, on average. Three assessments were realized, before start the conditioning protocol, and after 60 (when the conditioning protocol was finished) and 74 days. Cattle reactivity was assessed by measuring the crush score (CS) and flight speed (FS). A qualitivative behavior assessment (QBA) was also conducted. Based on the values of CS four classes of learning were defined, as follow: (1) desirable, (2) acceptable, (3) inconsistent and (4) undesirable. The FS average at the first evaluation was 4.02±1.00 m/s, decreasing to 2.88±0.6 and 2.90±1.07m, in the second and third assessments, respectively. There was effects of classes of learning on the expression of the descriptors of the qualitative behavior assessement (QBA) was not found. It was concluded that the operant condicioning protocol was effective in decreasing the animals’ reactivity. The second study aimed to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning with positive reinforcement in the temperament and pregnancy rates of heifers; 46 heifers were used, being 24 Nellore, 22 crossed breeding with average age of 24.94 ± 3.49 months. The heifers were distributed into two treatments - conditioned (C) and non-conditioned (NC). For this study was used three scores for visual assessment of temperament - movement (MOV), tension (TENS), crush score (CS), to discrete measurements was used the flight speed (FS). The test was applied five times at distincts moments: before starting the operant conditioning protocol and four times after it, during the application of the fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This research was divided in three studies: The first one aimed to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning with positive reinforcement on the Nellore heifers temperament; the study was.carried out with 170 Nellore heifers with 20.0±2.6 months of age, on average. Three assessments were realized, before start the conditioning protocol, and after 60 (when the conditioning protocol was finished) and 74 days. Cattle reactivity was assessed by measuring the crush score (CS) and flight speed (FS). A qualitivative behavior assessment (QBA) was also conducted. Based on the values of CS four classes of learning were defined, as follow: (1) desirable, (2) acceptable, (3) inconsistent and (4) undesirable. The FS average at the first evaluation was 4.02±1.00 m/s, decreasing to 2.88±0.6 and 2.90±1.07m, in the second and third assessments, respectively. There was effects of classes of learning on the expression of the descriptors of the qualitative behavior assessement (QBA) was not found. It was concluded that the operant condicioning protocol was effective in decreasing the animals’ reactivity. The second study aimed to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning with positive reinforcement in the temperament and pregnancy rates of heifers; 46 heifers were used, being 24 Nellore, 22 crossed breeding with average age of 24.94 ± 3.49 months. The heifers were distributed into two treatments - conditioned (C) and non-conditioned (NC). For this study was used three scores for visual assessment of temperament - movement (MOV), tension (TENS), crush score (CS), to discrete measurements was used the flight speed (FS). The test was applied five times at distincts moments: before starting the operant conditioning protocol and four times after it, during the application of the fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino - Reprodução, Bovino - Inseminação artificial, Novilho, Condicionamento operante, Temperamento, Operant conditioning
Como citar
RUEDA, Paola Moretti. Qualidade de manejo e temperamento de bovinos: efeitos na eficiência reprodutiva de fêmeas submetidas a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo. 2012. iv, 75 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2012.