Patogenicidade de Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne javanica a bananeira cv. Prata Anã em diferentes substratos
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Data
2006-12-21
Autores
Jesus, Alniusa Maria de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A bananeira (Musa spp.) é uma planta herbácia e sua fruta é uma das mais consumidas no mundo, principalmente nos países tropicais. Apesar da alta produtividade, o Brasil tem pequena participação no mercado internacional, devido ao elevado consumo interno e pela baixa qualidade dos frutos, que se deve a vários fatores como: genética da cultivar, tipo de solo, manejos agronômicos e sanitários. Dentre os problemas fitossanitários destacam-se os nematóides. Várias espécies de nematóides representam problemas para esta cultura. Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus coffeae, Helicotylenchus multicinctus e Rotylenchulus reniformis estão amplamente distribuídos nas principais regiões produtoras, causando perdas expressivas à bananicultura. Na presente pesquisa visou-se estudar a patogenicidade de M. incognita raça 2 e M. javanica em bananeira Prata Anã em substratos com diferentes fertilidades, utilizando vários níveis de população inicial de M. incognita raça 2 ou M. javanica (0, 2.000, 10.000 e 50.000 nematóides) por planta. Para isso, foram conduzidos dois experimentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Cada parcela foi constituída de uma planta por vaso de 10L de capacidade, no experimento com M. incognita raça 2 e, vasos de 5L, para M. javanica. Os substratos utilizados em ambos experimentos foram: Substrato 1: contendo uma mistura de areia-solo-esterco na proporção 1:1:1 com textura arenosa e pH 7,0; substrato 2: (padrão) com textura média, com pH 5,6, sem adição de NPK; substrato 3: substrato 2 com pH ajustado para 6,4; substrato 4: substrato 3 com adição de NPK e substrato 5: substrato 2 com adição de NPK. A inoculação foi realizada uma semana após o transplantio das mudas. A avaliação final foi efetuada aos 135 dias da inoculação, quando foram determinados a altura (HP) e diâmetro do pseudocaule (DP), 2 número de...
The banana (Musa spp.) is a herbal plant and its fruit is one of most consumed in the world mainly in tropical countries, including Brazil. Banana crops are affected by many phytosanitary problems, caused by phytopathogenic fungi, insect pests and nematodes. Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus coffeae, Helicotylenchus, multicinctus and Rotylenchulus reniformis are widely distributed in the main producer regions causing expressive economic losses in bananas production. This work aimed to study the reaction of banana cv. Prata Anã to Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica in soils with different fertilities. Artificial infestation was accomplished using initial different population levels (0, 2,000, 10,000 and 50,000 nematodes / plant) of M. incognita or M. javanica. For this, two experiments were carried out in a totally random design. Each plot was constituted of one plant / pot. The soils used in both experiments were: Soil 1: with a mix of sand-soilmanure (1:1:1), sandy texture and pH 7,0; soil 2: (standard), medium texture, pH 5,6 without NPK fertilizer; soil 3: soil 2 with pH fitted to 6,4; soil 4: soil 3 with NPK fertilizer and soil 5: soil 2 with NPK fertilizer. The inoculation was proceded one week after plants set up. The final evaluation was made at 135 days after inoculation, when the height plant (HP) and pseudosterm diameter (DP), leaves number (NF), nematodes number for root gram (NºN/gR), soil and root total nematode number (NTSR), reproductive factor (FR), root fresh weight (PFR) and dry shoot (PSA) were determined. However, with the purpose of determine the best evaluation time, the parameters plant height, pseudostem leaves number and pseudostem diameter were evaluated also at 27, 56, 89 and 119 days after the inoculation. There were not verified significant interactions between M. incognita population initial levels and soil fertility for the parameters... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The banana (Musa spp.) is a herbal plant and its fruit is one of most consumed in the world mainly in tropical countries, including Brazil. Banana crops are affected by many phytosanitary problems, caused by phytopathogenic fungi, insect pests and nematodes. Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus coffeae, Helicotylenchus, multicinctus and Rotylenchulus reniformis are widely distributed in the main producer regions causing expressive economic losses in bananas production. This work aimed to study the reaction of banana cv. Prata Anã to Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica in soils with different fertilities. Artificial infestation was accomplished using initial different population levels (0, 2,000, 10,000 and 50,000 nematodes / plant) of M. incognita or M. javanica. For this, two experiments were carried out in a totally random design. Each plot was constituted of one plant / pot. The soils used in both experiments were: Soil 1: with a mix of sand-soilmanure (1:1:1), sandy texture and pH 7,0; soil 2: (standard), medium texture, pH 5,6 without NPK fertilizer; soil 3: soil 2 with pH fitted to 6,4; soil 4: soil 3 with NPK fertilizer and soil 5: soil 2 with NPK fertilizer. The inoculation was proceded one week after plants set up. The final evaluation was made at 135 days after inoculation, when the height plant (HP) and pseudosterm diameter (DP), leaves number (NF), nematodes number for root gram (NºN/gR), soil and root total nematode number (NTSR), reproductive factor (FR), root fresh weight (PFR) and dry shoot (PSA) were determined. However, with the purpose of determine the best evaluation time, the parameters plant height, pseudostem leaves number and pseudostem diameter were evaluated also at 27, 56, 89 and 119 days after the inoculation. There were not verified significant interactions between M. incognita population initial levels and soil fertility for the parameters... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Banana, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Patogenicidade, Solos - Fertilidade, Nematodes, Pathogenicity
Como citar
JESUS, Alniusa Maria de. Patogenicidade de Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne javanica a bananeira cv. Prata Anã em diferentes substratos. 2006. vi, 78 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2006.